A-2 Fire Department Response TimesBuilding Inspections
The fire department was assigned a key financial strategy (KFS) in 2014 in
Phone: 952.2271180
Fax: 952.227.1190
MEMORANDUM
CITY OF
determined that accurate response data was necessary to analyze the effectiveness
CHANNSEN
DATE: July 22, 2015
7700 Market Boulevard
PCBox7
TO: Todd Gerhardt, City Manager
Chanhassen. M
MN 55317
FROM: Don Johnson, Fire Chief
Finance
SUBJ: Fire Department Response Times — Duty Crew Update
Administration
Key Financial Strategy -2015
Phone: 952.227.1100
Fax 952.227.1110
RESPONSE TIME BACKGROUND INFORMATION
Building Inspections
The fire department was assigned a key financial strategy (KFS) in 2014 in
Phone: 952.2271180
Fax: 952.227.1190
relationship to analyzing the duty crew program. As part of that report, it was
Fax: 952.227.1110
determined that accurate response data was necessary to analyze the effectiveness
Engineering
and impacts of fire department response to the community. The duty crew report
Phone: 952.227.1160
Fax: 952.227.1170
was delivered to council in August of 2014. At that time, the fire department had just
7901 Park Place
Phone: 952.227.1300
began collecting live response data from the sheriff's office. It was determined that
Finance
further review of this new data was necessary to baseline fire department response
Phone: 952.227.1140
times.
Fax: 952.227.1110
Park & Recreation The KFS assigned to the fire department in 2015 was to; Review Fire Department
Phone: 952.2271120 Response Times and Determine Acceptable Fire Response to the Community based on
Fax: 952.2271110
Current Duty Crew Program: Using /mageTrend software, determine if expansion
Recreation Center and reduction of the city's current duty crew model is warranted.
2310 Coulter Boulevard
Phone 952.2271400 This will be accomplished using data collected from August 1, 2014 through June 301H
Fax: 952.227.1404
2015. The data sets are comprised of information from (mageTrend, a web based
Planning &
software system utilized by the fire department to record call response data, manage
Natural Resources
Phone: 952.227.1130
payroll, and comply with state mandated fire incident response reporting.
Fax: 952.227.1110
ImageTrend receives call data directly from the sheriff's office Computer Aided
Dispatch (CAD) about truck enroute and arrival times and includes robust reporting
Public works
tools. The fire department has focused on improving reporting over the past year as
7901 Park Place
Phone: 952.227.1300
this type of information is critical for understanding response capabilities and
Fax: 952.227.1310
demographics within the city.
Senior Center
Phone: 952.227.1125 When determining appropriate response times the fire department refers to NFPA
Fax: 952.227.1110 1720 to determine fire service benchmarks. The City of Chanhassen has all three
designations within the city limits. Reviewing the attachment, City of Chanhassen
Website
www.ci.chanhassen.mn. us Calls for Service map will outline the districts more clearly.
11 Page
Chanhassen is a Community for Life - Providing for Today and Planning for Tomorrow
The three compliance mandates are;
Urban — Requires 15 firefighters on scene within 9 minutes 90% of the time. An area is
considered urban with >1000 people per sq. mile.
The North District is considered Urban with the exception of some undeveloped property north
of Highway 5 and East of Galpin. The north district will be measured against the urban time
which requires 9 minutes 90% of the time. The average response time in the north district for
Engine 11 is 8:31 but the 90% time is 12:12. Changing the filter to Building Fire Only response
in the north district increases the average response time to 8:51 and the 90% time to 11:22.
Suburban — Requires 10 firefighters on scene within 10 minutes 80% of the time. An area is
considered suburban with 500-1000 people per square mile.
The West district is primarily suburban but contains a pocket of Urban classification closer to
Highway 5 where several townhome and residential developments currently exist. Station 2 is
located within the West District to improve response times.
Rural — Requires 6 firefighters on scene within 14 minutes 80% of the time. An area is
considered rural with <500 people per square mile.
Data for the south district reveals that from August 1, 2014 to June 30, 2015 there was one
building fire response by Engine 11. The response time was 10:30 seconds, acceptable for a
rural area. If the query is changed to all emergency responses by Engine 11 the time increases
to 14:26 and includes 15 responses. The acceptable NFPA response time for the rural area
would be 14 minutes 80% of the time in this area.
The table on the following page shows calls for service by district. This information was not
tracked previously with enough degree of accuracy to report on other years. With a majority of
the calls in the north district, the response time averages will tend to reflect heavily on calls in
that area. The location of Station 1 within the North district is advantageous to the call area.
This is similar in the West District. The Other category is primarily mutual aid responses. See
attachment, City of Chanhassen, CFD Calls For Service for a plotted view of calls for this year.
2 1 F �
CALLS BY DISTRICT
JAN -JUN 2015
z3North West .South Other
Several factors can impact this data and averages carry a low reliability rate when data sets are
relatively low with large variances in incident data. The following tables will expand the data
sets to include all vehicles and emergency response calls only. This information should give a
better baseline of the capabilities of the fire department as it will include larger data sets. The
non -emergency and downgraded calls were filtered out as that would negatively increase
average times.
Command Vehicle Response Data January—June 2015
*Includes day response only. Responses from home increase average to 6:35
The table above displays command vehicle response data. Command vehicles are usually the
first to respond to most calls within the city. In 2014, a full time fire chief was added which
greatly decreased overall day response times for command staffing.
The following table outlines the primary front line response apparatus and only depicts
emergency calls. The rescue vehicle only includes responses to medicals. Rescue 11 and Engine
11 both respond from Station 1 and have similar enroute and arrival times. Engine 21 is the
front line apparatus for Station 2 and only west district calls were considered for the table. The
3 F
Average En Route Time
Average Arrival Time
Chief 1
1:40
5:22*
Chief 2
2:41
7:41
Chief 3
2:48
7:10
Chief 4
3:03
7:55
*Includes day response only. Responses from home increase average to 6:35
The table above displays command vehicle response data. Command vehicles are usually the
first to respond to most calls within the city. In 2014, a full time fire chief was added which
greatly decreased overall day response times for command staffing.
The following table outlines the primary front line response apparatus and only depicts
emergency calls. The rescue vehicle only includes responses to medicals. Rescue 11 and Engine
11 both respond from Station 1 and have similar enroute and arrival times. Engine 21 is the
front line apparatus for Station 2 and only west district calls were considered for the table. The
3 F
west station consists of only 8 firefighters making it considerably more difficult to mirror the
response capabilities of Station 1.
Engine 11 is also the primary response vehicle for all duty crew shifts. Duty crew shift response
added to general alarm calls will bring down both the response time and the arrival times for
Engine 11.
Front Line Response Vehicle Response Data January — June 2015
When determining overall travel time a database query included ALL emergency calls from
August 1, 2014 to June 30, 2014 for ALL response units. The average response time from
enroute to arrival was 4:43 seconds. Applying that average to the above enroute times is
consistent with by unit arrival times reported by ImageTrend. Limiting the query to south
district calls only shows an average response time of 6:10 in 25 responses.
Average turn out per call for 2014 totals 14. Average turn out for YTD 2015 is 13. When
limiting the query to Building Fires, the average call response rises to 15 for the period of
August 1, 2014 to June 30, 2015. Lower call numbers during day incidents bring this average
down considerably.
There are a significant amount of factors that impact this data. In 2015, the fire department
has been experiencing days where multiple calls for service are coming during "traditional"
business hours. Many of the firefighters work traditional hours. Apparatus may go enroute
more slowly depending firefighter availability and what time of the day it is. A key thing to
remember is the fire department minimum qualifications allow for an eight minute travel time
to the station. Fewer firefighters on more day calls will begin to impact the Average Turn Out
data and overall response times.
It is important to understand that the Chanhassen Fire Department is a paid on call fire
department and is NOT required to comply with NFPA response standards. Overall averages
are relatively close but the 80-90% times are significantly higher as many incidents exceed the
benchmark times and reduce the actual number of times we meet the standard. Meeting these
guidelines would be extremely difficult with a paid on call model and may not even be
41
Average En
Route Time
Average Arrival
Time
80% Time
90% Time
Engine 11
4:36
8:36
12:36
14:36
Rescue 11(medicals)
4:28
7:20
10:26
11:26
Engine 21 (west
District Only)
5:36
9:56
13:41
15:02
When determining overall travel time a database query included ALL emergency calls from
August 1, 2014 to June 30, 2014 for ALL response units. The average response time from
enroute to arrival was 4:43 seconds. Applying that average to the above enroute times is
consistent with by unit arrival times reported by ImageTrend. Limiting the query to south
district calls only shows an average response time of 6:10 in 25 responses.
Average turn out per call for 2014 totals 14. Average turn out for YTD 2015 is 13. When
limiting the query to Building Fires, the average call response rises to 15 for the period of
August 1, 2014 to June 30, 2015. Lower call numbers during day incidents bring this average
down considerably.
There are a significant amount of factors that impact this data. In 2015, the fire department
has been experiencing days where multiple calls for service are coming during "traditional"
business hours. Many of the firefighters work traditional hours. Apparatus may go enroute
more slowly depending firefighter availability and what time of the day it is. A key thing to
remember is the fire department minimum qualifications allow for an eight minute travel time
to the station. Fewer firefighters on more day calls will begin to impact the Average Turn Out
data and overall response times.
It is important to understand that the Chanhassen Fire Department is a paid on call fire
department and is NOT required to comply with NFPA response standards. Overall averages
are relatively close but the 80-90% times are significantly higher as many incidents exceed the
benchmark times and reduce the actual number of times we meet the standard. Meeting these
guidelines would be extremely difficult with a paid on call model and may not even be
41
obtainable with a limited duty crew program. They are best practices for response times within
the fire service and offered as an industry standard for comparison only.
The table above depicts calls by day of week for the fire department. In 2015 Wednesday and
Thursday are reflecting higher activity with Sunday being the least busy.
180
160
140
120 /100
80 /
60
40
20
0
12-4a 4-8a 8-12p 12-4p 4-8p 8-12a
=FD 2014 =FD 2015 YfD
5 1 P a g e
The table on the previous page reflects overall responses to incidents by time of day. The data
does show small spikes in activity from Sam —1200 and again from 4pm — 8pm. Response to
medicals continues to be the major incident responded to in Chanhassen and most fire
departments nationally. In 2015, response to medicals is 45% of the call load compared to 46%
in 2013 and 43% in 2014.
In the table below data reflecting the Carver Sheriff's Office is added. The data sets are for
2014/2015 and include response to medicals only. The data shows that the Sam to 1200 hours
demonstrate similar spikes in service concluding medicals are a driver for those hours. The
Sheriff's Office shows consistent declines in response to medicals after 12:00 for the data sets.
250
200
150
100
50
0
12-4a 4-8a 8-12p 12-4p 4-8p 8-12a
FD 2014 S02014 = FD 2015 YTD SO 2015 YTD
In 2014, Ridgeview Ambulance responded to 768 "lights and sirens" emergencies within
Chanhassen. The ambulance service also uses ImageTrend which makes the reporting data
familiar. Of those responses, Ridgeview's average response time for the year is 8:46 seconds.
Ridgeview's 90% time is 13 minutes.
CONCLUSION FOR RESPONSE TIME INFORMATION
Utilizing the table on apparatus response from Pages 3 & 4 should provide a baseline for
response times for the Chanhassen Fire Department. It is helpful to be aware that average
travel time for ALL calls in Chanhassen for 2014 was 4:43 from enroute to arrival. This travel
time should be added to the average enroute time for a determination of capabilities. The only
611
factor that can be controlled would be enroute time. (i.e. A reasonable duty crew enroute time
is 90 seconds)
DUTY CREW BACKGROUND INFORMATION
The Chanhassen Fire Department has utilized a duty crew program since 2002. The definition
of duty crew is; a dedicated 3 -person crew assigned to the station for a specified timeframe.
Prior to October of 2014, the duty crew in Chanhassen worked every Friday and Saturday
evening from 6pm to midnight. Historically, the intended purpose of the duty crew in
Chanhassen was to provide a dedicated resource to cover weekend evenings when firefighters
were out of town or unavailable.
A culture shift in the purpose of duty crews was necessary to align more with the duty crew's
primary purpose; quick response. Chanhassen is consistent with other paid on call departments
in the delay of enroute times based on firefighters traveling to the station. A duty crew is at the
station, or in town, and responds directly to a call drastically reducing the enroute time to
under 90 seconds. Thus the advantage to the Chanhassen community would be;
1:30(enroute) +4:43(travel) = 6:15 (arrival)
Compared to the traditional Paid on Call Model when the crew is not working;
4:30 (enroute) + 4:43(travel) = 9:15 (arrival)
For call responses in the south district, the average travel time should be adjusted to 6:10.
In October of 2014, we changed our duty crew scheduling aligning with the new purpose of
responding to calls. The data indicated that Wednesdays were the busiest days for calls. Thus,
Saturdays were cancelled in lieu of a Wednesday evening shift. The firefighters, through a
Survey Monkey, were polled when making this change. The workforce has responded quite
positively and crews fill quickly when the electronic sign up boards are posted.
The program has grown in popularity over the past 10 months requiring adjustments to the
number of shifts a firefighter can initially sign up for to allow more opportunity for more
firefighters to select a shift. This was not consistent with previous years as only a small
percentages of firefighters were consistently working shifts.
We have also incentivized working shifts by providing call percentage credits for working on a
crew. A firefighter is given 1% towards the mandatory 25% of all calls. Call percentages are
reviewed quarterly by department policy. This allows an individual struggling with call
percentages to make up some time and avoid discipline. In the second quarter of 2015, four
fighters avoided discipline because they worked crews and were given incentive points.
7I
In July of this year, another significant change was made in the scheduling of shifts. In response
to the popularity of the shifts a pilot program was initiated by moving some of the existing
hours around. The existing shifts were shortened by 2 hours allowing for an additional 4 hour
shift to be added to the schedule. Using the response data from the above tables, we began
scheduling Wednesday, Thursday and Friday evenings from 6pm to 10pm.
According the time of day data tables, the heaviest call volumes are coming on weekdays from
0800-1200. Some evening shifts have been canceled and day shifts added in July and August.
The workforce again has responded positively and filled these shifts quickly. If decisions were
purely data driven, the duty crew shifts would be all day hours. This is consistent with most
metro fire departments. The major deterrent to that in Chanhassen would be the reasonable
expectation of the availability of the workforce.
An additional advantage to a duty crew is the ability of that crew to handle a specific type of call
without paging the entire fire department. This saves on personnel costs and the demand on
firefighter's time in a paid on call model. In February of this year, I requested a second tone
package from the Sheriff's Office. That function is in testing and should be operational by
August 1, 2015. This will allow only paging out the duty crew and not tripping the entire
department's pagers for every call. With that change, we will be increasing the type of calls
that the duty crew handles on their own. Currently the only calls a duty crew can work
themselves would be;
• Carbon Monoxide Alarm with no reported illness
• Minor medical responses
Under the new guidelines the crews will handle;
• All medicals (excluding possible cardiac)
• All Carbon Monoxide calls to include reported effects
• Lift Assist Calls
• Smell of Natural Gas and Gas Leaks
• Electrical Lines Down
• Residential Fire Alarms (unless smoke is reported)
• Commercial Fire Alarms (unless smoke or water flow is reported)
Most career and duty crew departments can accommodate 90% of the calls for service with a 3
person crew and only rely on call backs for the more serious types of emergencies. Moving to
this model in Chanhassen should allow the crews to cover the window of "family time" during
8 1 P a g e
the week as it is presently scheduled with the duty crew only. The general alarms would only
be necessary for the more serious type calls.
Additionally, the fire department is assigned medical calls based on a prioritized list developed
by Ridgeview Ambulance, the Ridgeview Medical Director, and the Sheriff's Office. In an effort
to enhance our service to the community, the duty crew will be sent on ALL medicals in
Chanhassen after the tone packages are available. This will allow sheriff's deputies to focus on
law enforcement duties versus minor medical calls during duty crew shifts. Crews are also
assigned standby duties that involve station and vehicle maintenance. The duty crew is a paid
shift and reasonable work should/can be assigned to fill that time. We are also looking at
adding an hour of training to the shift to increase the overall training for the year. This work
needs to be balanced against the primary focus for duty crew, quick response.
The table below illustrates options and costs for the Chanhassen Duty Crew Program. The
original program was two nights and six hour shifts. The Pilot Program involves (3) four hour
shifts a week varying nights of the week and adding some day hours. The pilot program was
budget neutral.
Original Two Nights a week with a(3) person crewfor six hours
2002-Oct2014 Friday and Saturday
10/2014-06/2015 Wednesday and Friday Evenings
Pilot 3Shifts a week with a(3) person crew for 4 hours.
Shift days and times wilt vary with the intent of ensuring duty crews are scheduled during higher calls
for service days/times.
The costs associated to the different levels are based on the number of hours increased and the
loaded wage which includes some city paid taxes. Firefighters are paid $10/hr.
Option 1— Represents staying with a four hour shift and adding one additional shift to the work
week. Adding a shift would likely result in a Tuesday evening shift however, the fire
department should retain the flexibility in using data to determine optimal scheduling.
91
Crew Size
Per Hr Ea
(Loaded)
Hrs Per
shift
Per Ni ht
Nights
Per Week
Per Week
Costs
Weeks in a year Annual Total
Difference
% Increase To 2015
Personnel Svcs Budget
($166,000)
Original
3
$12.32
6
$222
2
$444
52.177
$23141.54
Pilot
3
$12.32
4
$148
3
$446
52.177
$23,141.54
$0.00
Option 1
3
$12.32
4
$148
4
$591
52.177
$30,855.39
$7,713.85
4.65%
Option 2
3
$12.32
6
$222
3
$665
52.177
$34,712.31
$11,570.77
6.97%
Option 3
3
$12.32
6
$222
4
$887
52.177
$46,283.09
$23,141.54
13.94%
Original Two Nights a week with a(3) person crewfor six hours
2002-Oct2014 Friday and Saturday
10/2014-06/2015 Wednesday and Friday Evenings
Pilot 3Shifts a week with a(3) person crew for 4 hours.
Shift days and times wilt vary with the intent of ensuring duty crews are scheduled during higher calls
for service days/times.
The costs associated to the different levels are based on the number of hours increased and the
loaded wage which includes some city paid taxes. Firefighters are paid $10/hr.
Option 1— Represents staying with a four hour shift and adding one additional shift to the work
week. Adding a shift would likely result in a Tuesday evening shift however, the fire
department should retain the flexibility in using data to determine optimal scheduling.
91
Option 2 — Represents returning the program back to the original scheduling and adding one six
hour shift a week to the work schedule. Currently the fire department does not receive a high
volume of calls between 10pm and midnight so this may not be a viable option. A six hour shift
would be more beneficial if scheduled during the day as the call volume in midafternoon
continues to be higher than later in the evenings.
Option 3 — Represents an additional six hour shift to the work scheduling totaling 4 shifts a
week for six hour shifts.
To determine the impacts of duty crew on the community an examination of call volumes
versus scheduled crews is necessary. Using complete data for 2014 and overlaying scheduled
shifts demonstrates the enhancements to the community. The table below illustrates the
potential call volumes for the time frames.
Program
Days Covered
Length of
Shift
Potential Calls
Original
Fri/Sat Evening
6
43
Modified 10/2014
Wed/Fri Evening
6
57
Pilot 7/2015
Wed/Thu/Fri Evening
4
59
Pilot w/day shifts
Day Wed & Wed/Fri Evening
4
67
Option 1
Day Wed & W,T,F Evening
4
83
Option 2
08:00-2:OOpm 3 days a week
6
102
SUMMARY
Council should review the current baseline response capabilities of the Chanhassen Fire
Department. I am confident in the data being accurate with the only concern being related to a
small data set. Command vehicles are on the scene within about 6-7 minutes with major
apparatus and firefighters arriving 4-6 minutes later. Chanhassen's average travel to calls takes
approximately 4:43 seconds so decreasing the enroute time will undoubtedly effect the arrival
time.
Currently the north district is the primary response area due to the density of the population
and the location of most of the commercial properties. As calls for service increase in the south
and west districts, the fire department response times may increase given the distance to travel
from Station 1.
A duty crew places apparatus and firefighters on scene around the same time a command
vehicle is arriving. The costs of enhancing the current program is outlined in the options and
should be weighed against the baseline services provided under the current program. Any
addition to hours would increase the benefits discussed in this report.
10
Recruitment and retention is a major factor for fire departments. This holds true for
Chanhassen. As we move to the future we will continue to balance the needs of the
community with the workforce. The paradigm for staffing is beginning to shift and prospective
firefighters are drawn to the duty crew model. Today's workforce is becoming more attracted
to scheduling themselves than committing to the unknown. Some of the current staff are also
beginning to embrace the duty crew model and seem to be adjusting well to the changes and
the varied days and times. We are experiencing a larger pool of people that work the duty crew
and sharing ideas on ways to make it available to a larger pool within the department. In my
opinion, we are growing at a tolerable pace.
Recently we have experienced an emerging challenge for Chanhassen. With the most recent
hiring process, a candidate was offered a position on the fire department. The day of hire, she
contacted me and apologetically declined to start. Her reasoning was based on being offered a
position with a neighboring department that offered a duty crew component 7 days a week.
Her statement, "Its easier for me to schedule myself for shift work than to commit to the
unknown. When Chanhassen gets paged I don't know how long 1 will be gone". She also
discussed the financial benefits of working more hours.
III Page
..._.,,
Vii( i
L2 I Duty Crew Response (Revised 01/01/15)
Duty Crew Staffing: All duty crews will have the following minimum staffing. If a
scheduled member is not present, the senior firefighter will notify a chief officer
immediately.
• One officer (or qualified firefighter to serve as an officer)
• Qualified driver/operator
• One to two firefighters
Apparel: All duty crew members will wear an approved "uniform of the day"
assigned by the Assistant Chief of Operations.
Communication: At a minimum, the duty crew officer will be responsible to
monitor the fire ground main for information and potential calls. This is especially
important while conducting assigned work details during the work shift.
The duty crew officer will notify Carver Dispatch that the crew is "in-service" at the
start of each shift. The duty crew officer will notify Carver Dispatch that the duty
crew is "out of service" at the end of each shift.
Duty Crew Callouts: All calls for service during duty crew staffed hours will be
handled without delay. The goal for responding during staffed duty crew is a unit
in service time within 90 seconds of tones.
Duty crews will respond to the following calls without a general alarm for the rest
of the department:
• Medical Assist Calls (Excluding Full Arrest)
• All Carbon Monoxide Alarms (Includes w/illness)
• Lift Assists
• Smell of Natural Gas or Gas Leaks
• Electrical Lines Down
• Residential Fire Alarms
• Commercial Fire Alarms (Excluding Water flow Alarms)
If the duty crew is dispatched for a call that should have been an all call the officer
will notify dispatch immediately to "Page the Chanhassen Fire Department".
If the duty crew receives ANY information during the call out, or while en route,
that additional resources are needed the duty crew officer will request dispatch to
"Page the Chanhassen Fire Department".