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4. Mosquito control in parks CITYOF ---- CHANHASSEN 690 COULTER DRIVE • P.O. BOX 147 • CHANHASSEN, MINNESOTA 55317 (612) 937 -1900 • FAX (612) 937 -5739 ' MEMORANDUM TO: Don Ashworth, City Manager FROM: Todd Hoffman, Park and Recreation Commission ' DATE: August 18, 1992 SUBJ: Mosquito Control in City Parks As can be deduced from the thickness of the attached packet, the issue of mosquito control in city parks has resulted in considerable lobbying by representatives of both "sides" of the issue. The amount of spraying which actually occurs in city parks; however, does not necessitate this extensive debate. The extent of staff and support staff time consumed by what really should be • U a minor issue has been exorbitant. Unfortunately, this minor issue evolved into a full fledged debate over the need for, expense of, and management of many practices of the Minnesota Mosquito Control District (MMCD). In reality, prior to spraying for adult mosquitos at Lake ' Ann Park (without notifying the city per our agreement) on July 13, 1992, the MMCD had not sprayed in the parks for the previous eleven months. ' The staff reports and corresponding attachments to the Park and Recreation Commission for this item dated June 16 and July 22 are attached. Corresponding minutes for the discussions resulting from the presentation of these reports on June 23 and July 28 are also attached. In reviewing the length of these documents, it is apparent that the MMCD and Mr. Rivkin are using the city's public process as a playing field for a general debate over mosquito control districts. The ' MMCD has been represented at each of the commission meetings by a variety of people. Up to a dozen representatives were present at the last meeting, including Dr. John DeProspo and Dr. Dave Johnson of Roussel Uclaf, a company in New Jersey who manufactures the control chemicals Punt and Scourge. - .,. The Park and Recreation Commission wishes it be clearly understood that they have, to the best of their ability, thoroughly studied and reviewed this issue both at the commission level and on 1 their own time prior to presenting their recommendation. I will reiterate that it is essential that this issue be looked at realistically. The people using the parks in the City of Chanhassen have been enjoying outdoor recreation without the assistance of mosquito control chemicals. The MMCD has educated us to the fact that cold fogging (spraying) only kills adult mosquitos which it comes in direct contact with, and that the chemicals used break down very quickly (have a Its sit PRINTED ON RECYCLED PAPER I Mr. Don Ashworth August 18, 1992 Page 2 short half -life) and quickly become ineffective. The thousands of ball games, picnics, family 1 outings, boating excursions, fishing trips, and other recreational outings which have and are taking place in our city parks are doing so without the aid of mosquito control (all except for I perhaps a weeks time at Lake Ann Park over the past two years). As such, banning the use of adultricides in city parks seems very inconsequential, hardly worth all the debate its generating. 1 It is recommended that the City Council approve the recommendation from the Park and Recreation Commission as stated in their motion of July 28, 1992: 1 Schroers moved, Erickson seconded to approve the following regarding mosquito control in the City of Chanhassen Parks: 1 1. In regards to larval control briquettes, allow their use to continue providing 1 notification of the treatment areas and times are provided; 2. In regards to adult mosquito control chemicals (cold fogging), to eliminate 1 their use and to re- evaluate the program in the fall of 1993; 3. In regards to the landing, take off and loading of the MMCD helicopter in I city parks, that this practice be prohibited; 4. That staff and the city actively pursue other measures of controlling I mosquitos such as volunteer groups who are willing to remove breeding site containers, possibly plugging tree cavities and whatever else we can do from a community standpoint to control mosquitoes without chemicals. 1 All voted in favor except Koubsky who opposed, and Andrews abstained. The motion carried. • ATTACHMENTS Pa cket 1: Additional material which has arrived since July 28, 1992, Park and Recreation I Commission meeting. Packet 2: Report to the Park and Recreation Commission dated July 22, 1992, and resulting minutes of the July 28 Park and Recreation Commission meeting. I Packet 3: Report to the Park and Recreation Commission dated June 16, 1992, and resulting minutes of the June 23 Park and Recreation Commission meeting. 1 1 I 1 1 1 1 PACKET 1 1 1 Additional material which has arrived since the July 28, 1992, Park and Recreation Commission meeting 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 PACKET l 1 1 Information received from Eric Rivkin, 1695 Steller Court 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 August 5, 1992 To: Todd Hoffman, Chanhassen Parks and Recreation, and all City Council Members From Eric Rivkin Dear Todd and Members of the Council: ' In an article in the Science section of the August 10 issue of Tune, and from studies presented at the January 18, 1991 conference, Mosquito Control Pesticides: Ecological Impacts and Management Alternatives, in Gainesville, Florida, scientists at the US Mosquito Research Facility confirm what local environmental groups and T have been saying all along: Dumping poisons in the environment to kill mosquitos doesn't work, and it hurts more than just mosquitos. Scientist's philosophy and strategy in dealing with mosquitos, is changing from a chemical warfare appmach to outsmarting them without contaminating the environment. ' Many muncipalities and park boards all over our metro area, as well as around the US are using cost effective and environmentally friendlier alternatives. Chanhassen parks and publicly owned wetlands would benefit in joining them by ' banning all chemical mosquito controls, because there is no evidence that this method of control is working. There are alternatives to chemical larvacides and adulticides. T have provided summaries from the Gainesville conference in my July 28 update in the packet. Also feel free to talk to ' local people on the updated list of contacts also in the packet who are knowledgable about mosquito control's effects in Minnesota and familiar with its cost effectiveness. ' Because there wasn't enough time at the July 28 meeting, the following are my responses to inaccurate and misleading information said by some of the ten or so people the MMCD had at that meeting: 1. Ross Green, information director of the MMCD, stated that Lake Ann Park was sprayed July 13 yto control an alleged Lacrosse encephalitis threat, gLto control nuisance mosquitos. This action was totally inconsistent with traditional procedures developed by the MMCD and the State Dept. of Health, and is also inconsistent with past treatment ' records in the park. Craig Hedberg of the Dept. of Health said the traditional procedure is that if Aedes triseriatus mosquitos are found, the most effective means of eliminating this very rare and exclusive potential carrier of the LaCrosse encephalitis virus, is through education and prevention by removing breeding sites. Using sprayed insecticides to control these mosquitos is usually used only as a last resort, after potential breeding sites such as tree holes and litter containers have been found and removed, and usually after there is a confirmed case traceable to a particular area. Dave Neitzel, the MMCD's LaCrosse encephalitis program manager, told me that the MMCD did not find any mosquitos that carry the disease in our parks, and there are no encephalitis cases traced to any of own parks. He found no tree hole breeding sites in Lake Ann Park, but jd find thousands of litter containers which could have been the only possible ' breeding sites fofjust a few A triseriatus mosquitos he said he found. He also told me that simply removing the litter would, therefore, eliminate any disease threat in the long term. According to the Mr. Neitzel and the State Dept. of Health, there were no reported cases of mosquito -borne diseases in humans since 1984 in Chanhassen. The MMCD's overexaggerated disease threat is quite possibly being used to justify nuisance mosquito spraying in our parks. This becomes more apparent in light of more facts. Since the mid- 1980's according to MMCD records, Lake Ann park has been sprayed with adulticides for nuisance mosquitos several times each summer, without notifying the city either. Surveillance for A. triceriatus mosquitos did not even begin until 1992, until after T blew the whistle on their illegal spraying at lake Ann and T became an increasing threat to the MMCD's credibility. Tn June 1992, the MMCD received a request from Chanhassen's Mayor to spray Lake Ann Park with adulticides for the July 4 celebrations, presumably to reduce mosquito annoyance, not to ccmtrol a non - existent encephalitis threat which removing breeding sites should have been the first defense. 2. I agree with Al Klingelhutz's public statement that mosquito annoyance was comfortably low at Lake Ann Park during July 4th celebrations. However, after finding out the MMCD really hadn't sprayed adulticides for nuisance mosquitos until July 13, or for the past 13 months, Ross Green said larvacides deserve the credit. However, the truth is that no 111 larvacides were applied in any of the major MMCD- identified breeding sites in the Lake Ann/Lake Lucy area because homeowners who own all those sites have formally objected to the nuisance mosquito control program since spring of 1 1991. Ross Green knew this, because he was the contact at the MMCD the objecting homeowners dealt with. So there were no MMCD chemical controls that can take credit for low mosquito annoyance at Lake Ann Park July 4th. 1 Natural forces were obviously responsible, no chemical controls were needed, even in such a rainy season. After two seasons without chemical mosquito controls in my wetlands at Lake Lucy, mosquito annoyance feels less than it was with chemical controls. The difference might be in the hordes of dragonflies that returned to eat mosquitos, along with frogs 1 and snakes after the chemicals disappeared from our property. 3. Dr. Deprospo, a toxicologist from a major chemical supplier the MMCD brought in from Texas for the July 28 meeting, made a disturbing statement. He stated that EPA warnings (which are federal law) that say 'Highly toxic to fish,, birds, and bees" on the labels for adulticides sprayed in our parks, are "canned statements ". He added that his company were made to put these 'canned statements" on the label, and needn't be taken that seriously. The fact is, the reason these II environmental hazards appear on the label is that certain species were scientifically tested and found to be highly toxic to the active ingredients in both adulticides. Our State Dept. of Agriculture also felt the warnings to 'keep 100 feet away from the water" were important enough when they discovered the MMCD violated them in Lake Ann Park in 1991. in addition to a $ 1000 fine, the MnDA ordered the MMCD to retrain their employees to understand the importance of environmental protection in following the label, as part of the Enforcement Order from the MMCD's illegal spraying. 1 When adulticides are sprayed, the MMCD still lacks a notification system that works. The MMCD has a number to call to find out where cold - fogging is being done (491 - 2850), but the public isn't told about it. Disclosing information about 1 the other type of adulticiding, harborage spraying with Punt insecticide, is not part of their phone information line, so no one can find out where they have to avoid needless exposure to that insecticide. it took a call from Senator Terry Johnston to Ross Green of the MMCD to insure they would notify me if they were spraying Punt at Lake Ann. Ernie, the field 1 supervisor at the MMCD called me at 7:30 am cm July 13, and i assume the MMCD would have notified the city, but they didn't. At the March 1992 Technical Advisory Board meeting, the MMCD pmmised they would improve the notification system, but they made it far more difficult. A citizen has to cail every day to listen to the whole daily listing of foggings 1 to see if they might come to their area. To my knowledge, their original 'notify list" system has been dropped. People on this former notify list called to tell me they live in fear of the chemical fogging, as they still have to stay at home at night with their windows open when the MMCD does its fogging. 1 When I was videotaping the MMCD spraying at Lake Ann on July 13, (I was upwind) a vanload of New Horizon preschoolers pulled into the playground while the spraying was going on. I asked the teacher if they had seen the signs I posted by the MMCD in the park minutes earlier, and said she had not. She was concerned about the spraying because some of the preschoolers had allergies. The small yellow signs had no warnings about the health hazards of the pesticides, or even stated the area had been sprayed. For thousands of feet of harborage sprayed, there were only a couple signs posted on the mad far away from the sprayed foliage. if they were your children, could they have adequately been forewarned to avoid needless exposure every time? 1 1 i . 1 . Slimmer's Blood ' In the fight against 100 trillion mosquitoes, the tactics frantically elbow each other to get at her, The new motto: "KnowYour +! and within seconds one of them scores. The are changing. KnowYour Enemy. pair, copulating in midair, float down in crazy circles, coming briefly to rest in a By HENDRIK HERTZBERG GAINESVILLE tant. A new enemy has appeared in the tangle of legs and antennae. Who cares if form of the Asian tiger mosquito, a variety that hum might later cost them their lives? It is your trump, that was accidentally imported from Ja- It was worth it. " ' pan in 1985 and has since spread to 21 Among mosquitoes, by the way, the It is your hateful little trump, states, mostly in the Southeast. Govern- `woman above" position is mandatory. You pointed fiend, ment scientists announced last month Their sexual organs are weirdly like ours, that a group of these mosquitoes in Florida with vaginas, ovaries, penises and testes. I Which shakes my sudden had been found to be carrying the virus for Their coupling takes four to 40 seconds, blood to hatred of you: Eastern equine encephalitis, a rare but of- though in a few of the 2,500 known species ten fatal brain disease. Only 11 Floridians male and female may remain locked to- It is your small, high, hateful have caught this disease, and health offi- gether for more than an hour. They show I bugle in my ear. cials see no reason for panic, but mosquito every sign of ecstasy, but do they feel it? control has taken on a new urgency. Mosquito Unit head Barnard looks pained. Why do you do it? Gainesville's Mosquito Unit, along This is not the sort of question soberscien- Surely it is bad policy. with everybody else involved in what is fists are supposed to concern themselves I anthropocentrically called pest control, is with, and besides, there's nothing in the They say you can't help it. rethinking its philosophy and strategy. literature about it. "Well," he finally ad- —D. H . LAWRENCE The mosquitoes are the same, crafty and mits with a sigh, "they do have a central The Mosquito cunning as ever. But the weapons and tac- nervous system." I tics used to combat them are changing The sex had better be good, because in OMETIME THIS SUMMER —IT'S fast. Chemicals are out; biologicals are in. _ most mosquito species that have been probably already happened— Dum m oisons indiscriminatel is no studied it's strictly a one -night stand. The you will hear that hateful little on er in vogue; rm o'To 'ca 1T• female has no further need of her partner 1 trump. At the first sound of its correct ways o get mosquitoes to o t em- or any other male for the rest of her life. intensely annoying whiny s■s in is all the rage.' The era of insecT She stores the sperm from her sole en- bum, faint but frantically high- cides is coming to an end," says Donald counter in special sacs, fertilizing her own pitched, you'll hold stock -still, on hall Barnard, the Mosquito Unit's chief. eggs every time she lays a batch, whether alert, hand raised at the ready. And then: "They're still our first Ime of defense. but that is once or a dozen times. splat. One less mosquito to trouble the the bugs adapt very quickly to whatever From this point on, in any case, sex no peace of man and beast. we throw at them. The emphasis slow is on longer rules her life; violence does —and this As you brush aside the spindly corpse, outsmarting them, and to do that you have is where we come in. To nourish and devel- ' the poet's question may occur to you. Why . to un erstand their behavior." _ op her eggs, she needs what entomologists do mosquitoes make that irritating little ' well: Why do mosquitoes whine? call, with admirable directness, a "blood noise? Its usefulness from the. human For many species, the unit's two dozen sci- meal" —and she needs a new one for every point of view is obvious. But what is its entists and technicians will batch of eggs she lays. Ev ' survival value from the mosquito point of answer in one voice, and in ery mosquitobiteinthehis- view? Why in the world would these oth- one word: sex. Why do mosquitoes tory of life on earth has erwise canny creatures go to the trouble of A mosquito, it seems, is whine? For many been inflicted by a female. evolving a behavior so ideally suited to essentially a tiny winged This is science, not I A helping their prey find and swat them? speck of libido. Here's Species, the misogyny, good place to ponder this puzzle —or what typically happens: Mosquito Unit's When ablood- hunlrry to find out anything else you ever wanted the males form a hovering mosquito lands on a hu- to know about mosquitoes —is an innocu- globular swarm, ranging scientists and man forearm —or. mnre ous- looking brick building near the Uni- from a softball-size band technicians will likely, on the eyelid of a versity of Florida's Gainesville campus. Its of a. dozen to a ballroom- cow, the haunch of a squir- halls nourish, among other obscure yet size throng of millions. lb answer in one Tel, the wins of ' a sgu useful twigs of the mighty oak that is the any female the may be voice, and in one birdmen the h c f U.S. government, the Mosquito Unit, or, as around, the male buzzing caterpillar —she gnes.xe it is formally known, the Mosquito and Fly sound is like a neon sign in word: Sex. work with awesome effi- Research Unit at the Medical and Veteri- front of a singles bar. She ciency. Her slender pro- nary Entomology Research Laboratory of makes a beeline —all right, a mosquitoline— boscis, consisting of two sharp and some- I the Agricultural Research Service of the straight into the swarm. Once she's inside, times serrated cutting tools surrounding a U.S. Department of Agriculture. the sound of her wings, beating 250 to 500 pair of tiny tubes, pierces the skin (and, if This bastion of research in the battle times a second, becomes the mosquito necessary, the cloth or feathers protecting against bugs has never been more impor- equivalent of a flirty hair flip. The males it) and finds a capillary, bending to slide 46 TIME, AUGUST 10, 1992 LENNART NILSSON a - I h 4. ' takes off. If one thinks of the of their time testing bug - killing chemicals : :- . _ -. - :- -,..,_--,...;-:-,-,= humble, fishy mosquito larva and more of it trying to understand th ;:•� » . ` .. .....n-_-.. as a distinct animal in its way mosquitoes behave and hog; they f� ' `{z 3 - r c. � , t* ; -. own right, then it i s one of in the great chain of being. _� -: 4 . God's creatures for which This change reflects more than the _= 2 ' - - { _. > resurrection and afterlife are growing re to pill po er fu1 po' - v = scientific facts. Instead of dy- sons into the environment, where the - ca t ' ` ; = ing, it sprouts wings and as make their way into uman and anim • - ` "' . '�- _ - { >> 2 tends into the heavens. tissues. Insecticides are fearsome engines . � - D Once airborne, the mos- of natural selection._ A dose of strong i ± , - �', ;, quito becomes a flying ma- secticide will kill every mosquito it touc F . , _ .-. w . - chine that puts state-of-the- es —every one that is except those that a -. 1 art aeronautics to shame. immune because of some genetic quirk. " „ v „ F • Mosquitoes have range: The resistant bu_s, left alive to reproduc- - -- ' _ though most live out their themselves, eventua v come to .ommat j= - lives within a radius of a kilo- The species. hemical insecticides a . " ---, 1 _ :.. 3 - meter or two, some swamp great at suppressing bug populations in species have been known to the short run, but over time they are •us{ . fly more than 160 km (100 par icu arty efficient method of breed {n E ` miles). And they have maneu- tougher, hardier insects. F E • - 114 �'` -= �; verabthroullgh ity: a rain a mosquito storm can flying Seeing all ' _ the over ultimate the landscape futility of , pest sprayco ing '__ ; land chemicals - " Y • safe and dry on the nape of toilers are looking at ways to lure mosqu f. °i= '� _ _ t your neck after dodging hun- toes into traps that poison the - bugs witho - - • � � .;�,� ; ,,- - dreds of drops that to it are as contaminating the whole environment. _ . ;.,. "�,. _ 1 !°3 14, - 3 big as falling refrigerators. One idea is to copy lne buzzing s�ftlie . "'. _ : _ All this makes the mosqui- mosquito's sexual come-on. Another tec - "' - - - - ' to a formidable adversary, one nique is to discover and duplicate t Barnard examines specimens known to carry yellow that has caused no end of trou- chemical odors that attract mosquitoes to fever: "The emphasis now is on outsmarting them" ble for human beings. Malarial animals. Possible bait: octonol, a compound mosquitoes, some historians in cow's breath. A third set of strategi into the tiny blood vessel. Down one tube think, contributed to the fall of ancient turns on the attractant qualities of h comes her saliva, which deadens sensa- Greece. Europeans of medieval times were which mosquitoes like. (If your hot-blood tion and blocks coagulation. Up the other tormented by the insect Chaucer knew as spouse wakes up covered with bites and goes a drop of her victim's blood. In less the midge; the English word mosquito, from you don't, his or her slightly higher than a minute, she makes her getaway. the Spanish for "little fly," appeared in the temperature may be to blame.) She finds a place to rest and digest her 16th century, along with new and nastier A better way to conquer mosquitoes vampire's repast, while her victim is left to New World species. In the 1880s the French- may hetoenlist their natural enemies. The scratch the welt that soon forms in allergic man Ferdinand de Lesseps, fresh from the Mosquito Unit's experts think bug popul reaction to her ghoulish drool. triumph of building the Suez Canal, was ut- tions could be infected with —and decima terly vanquished in his heroic effort to dig a ed by —a variety of microbes, including pr HE EGGS SHE WILL LAY A FEW canal across the Isthmus of Panama, partly tozoans and fungi. Entomologist Jimmy - days later —from half a dozen to because thousands of the Europeans he Becnel expects to conduct a field test of su upwards of 300, depending on brought with him fell victim to mosquito- biological warfare within a year or two. her species and the richness of borne disease. Genetic engineering could one day her blood meal —turn into lar- With the deployment of DDT in 1939, it the best weapon. Scientists hope to create vae, which lead a complete looked as if final victory over the mosquito mutant strains of mosquitoes that do n aquatic life of their own and are as different might be at hand; and indeed, through the lay eggs or at least do not nourish them from flying mosquitoes as seals are from years chemical insecticides took such a toll the usual bloodsucking fashion. lntrodu - buzzards. Not much water is needed: a ta- on mosquito populations ing the mutants into mos- uito o ulations cou I tiles • oon in an o d be -r can or tire chain • is that yellow fever and other q pop enou • h to . royi • • ho i. • infections they carried be- Every mosquito lead to interbreeding a t e air - breathing water worms -hut the came almost unheard -of in bite in the history thus interfere with t more water the better. The larvae zip the developed world. rampant reproduction of of life on earth the natural bugs. around, feeding on bacteria and bits of vege- Chemicals also took a g • tation, which they filter through bristles in toll on mosquito research. has been inflicted But the battle betty their mouths. In some species they also eat "The age of DDT was also man and mosquito h one another or the larvae of other mosqui- the dark age of Pn +mmOlc by a female. been raging for along time, toes, a habit the folks at the Mosquito Unit �," says Dan Kline, anoth- This is science, and neither side is likely would like to encourage. er of the Mosquito Unit's win it soon. Despite all After a set time —from less than a week scientists. "There was no not misogyny. man's spraying, drainin , to several months, depending on the spe- money for basic research. zapping and slapping, cies —the larva suddenly stops eating, Mosquitoes a problem? Just take some DDT there are still an awful lot of mosquitoes • curls up into a comma and becomes what and nuke 'em. Why bother with research the world. Nobody knows how many, bu is called a pupa. Over the next few days, it when you can do that" very rough calculation (the only kind pos transforms itself like some buggy version The quest for new methods of mosqui- ble) would put the total number of mosqui - of Terminator 2. Its nerves and muscles to control has turned the dark age into toes on the planet at any given moment melt and reform with astonishing speed something of a golden age. Government around 100 trillion, give or take a few do until the new adult mosquito sloughs the scientists such as Barnard and Kline now trillion. So you needn't feel too bad abo pupal skin, emerges at the surface and have strong arguments for spending less squashing a few. 48 TIME, AUGUST 10,1992 1 1 ' Clearin g the Air i Facts About Mosquitos, Pesticides, and Taxes August, 1992 Many more citizens and scientists are expressing concerns Aedes vexans, does not transmit human diseases. over the effects of chemical pesticide use on humans and Mosquito -borne diseases are very rare in the 7 county area. wildlife. If you share these concerns the following I information will be of interest to you. • What Pesticides are used by the MMCD? Water breeding sites where mosquitos lay their eggs and hatch are • Who is in charge of Mosquito Control? treated with briquets or pellets that contain a growth regulator, I The Metropolitan Mosquito Control District (MMCD) is mandated by the state legislature to control nuisance methoprene. This chemical prevents the larvae from maturing. Bti, or Bacillus thurigiensis israelensis, a bacteria in a pellet mosquitos in the 7 county area. Local govemments, park formula, Is also used to kill moquito larvae in the water. I boards, and individual landowners can prohibit chemical treatments for nuisance mosquitos, require notification Adult mosquitos are sprayed with Punt insecticide measures, or allow controls only on request. The District is (permethrin) on foliage where mosquitos rest during the day. I govemed by a Board of 17 County Commissioners which Punts label states that 11 is highly toxic to bees and fish, meets monthly. The Board hires the Director who is in hence it is lawfully prohibited from being sprayed within 100' charge of the entire program. The State Dept. of Health is of a lake or pond. Scourge (resmethrin), another adult I mandated to monitor mosquito -borne diseases and the insecticide, is a direct killer that is "coil- fogged" in the early of Agriculture to set rules on pesticide application. moming or late dusk. Tests show that mosquitos retum to normal levels within days of treatment from adulticides. Over I ■ How is the MMCD funded? You pay for the MMCD 50% of total acres treated (over 200,000 acres) in the 7 program with your property taxes. The tax levy is based on county area are sprayed with adutticides by the MMCD in the your property value. The actual amount on the Property Tax last two years, which caps attention to their dependence on 1 Statement is lumped in a category called "Other". in your adutticides. county's annual Truth in Taxation hearings, public input is not allowed to prioritize the taxes spent for mosquito control Scourge and Punt both contain high concentrations of I against more needy programs because the Mosquito petroleum distillates, including the xylene -range in Punt, Control Commissioners meet separately to decide that which toxify the air and add to pollution. Scourge is toxic to before the tax hearings. The annual budget approved by birds, fish, butterfly larvae, and can kill other insects. I the Commission for 1992 was $9,986,879. This money is Breathing the mist must be avoided, as the label declares and used for administration, the control program, research, and a 1992 Minnesota Dept. of Health evaluation recommends. I expenses of the Commissioners. By 1990, the MMCD Drift from the cold-fogging can enter houses with open accumulated a surplus of over $11 million over several windows. When MMCD staff apply the adutticides, they wear years, $5.8 million which is used to build a new masks and protective clothing. The chemicals used by the I headquarters and research facility on University Ave., and MMCD are on a list currently undergoing RE- REVIEW by the other facilities in Anoka and Dakota counties. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). According to the National Academy of Sciences,15% of the American I ■ What is the Mission of the MMCD? The mission is to reduce annoyance levels of mosquitos and gnats so 11 population are hypersensitive to a variety of chemicals, including synthetic pyrethroids such as Punt and Scourge. doesn't interfere with outdoor activities, and to suppress mosqutto and tick transmitted disease. The nuisance Mosquito controls have EPA registration, but that DOES NOT mosqutto control program uses 99% of the funding. The mean that they are 100% safe. In order to prove full mosquito disease control program, budgeted at only about environmental safety, pesticide testing should include study of I $118,000 in 1992, consists of cost - effective monitoring and the disruption of food chains, ecosystems, and long term toxic education to remove breeding sites such as tree holes, tires effects, which is not required for EPA registration. and litter containers in high risk areas. Chemical controls I are only used in a local area as a last resort when there is a ■ Who oversees the program? The main oversight is the reported disease, The tick program consists of only Mosquito Control Commission. An independent Technical counting ticks. The most common nuisance mosquito, Advisory Board (TAB) meets only once a year to review the 1 program, but this group is only advisory. An independent regarding attemative non - chemical control nethods. ' 1 Scientific Peer Review Panel (SPRP) was formed in 1985 in response to public concern and legal action. The SPRP What action can you take? 1 has studied the effects on nontarget wetland species from the use of methoprene and BTI. One study suggests that There are too many unanswered questions about methoprene also kills nontarget midge larvae, a source of protein for young ducklings. pesticide safety, program effectiveness, effects of control measures on ecosystems and the use of propel/ tax es for this program. Concemed citizens must demand I Concerns that have not been addressed include the accounability from their County Commissioners, legislators nonspecific effects of adutticides, drift from helicopters and and local governments. How could $10 million a year for ground spraying, additives and inert ingredients not nuisance mosquito control be better spent? required by law to be listed on labels, disturbances to 1 wildlife caused by noise, dust, helicopters, and all- terrain 0 Direct health - related complaints about the program to vehicles. Of major importance Is a review of current the State Dept of Health at 623 -5000. Report any studies of pesticide resistance. To this day, the suspected pesticide misapplications, such as spraying ' Environmental Impact Statement the MMCD was required pesticides within 100 feet of a lake, to the State Dept of to do is still not completed, as widespread pesticide use Agriculture at 297 -5732. continues. Human heatth concems have NEVER been 1 addressed by the SPRP. ❑ The law says the MMCD must do whatever it takes to control disease outbreaks. But you, a community, your • What do we taxpayers get for our money? park board or city can cancel the nuisance mosquito 1 The MMCD has 62 full time emptoyees,150 seasonal control program. Call the Sierra Club at 379 -3855 for employees, a new $3.1 million research lab and office, details. Chemical mosquito controls are prohibited by the school programs extolling the virtues of the MMCD and No DNR at the Carlos Avery Wildlife Refuge, all Waterfowl 1 Management Areas and the Scientific and Natural Areas. scientific evidence of the reduction in mosquito annoyance The US Fish and Wildlife Service prohibits all mosquito In 32 years of the program. As the summers 01 1990 and controls at the Minnesota Valley Wildlife Refuge, and the 1 1991 has shown, mosquito populations are not 'controlled' entire nuisance mosquito control program has been by pesticides, but by the amount of rainfall, untold number discontinued in the all 6400 acres of Minneapolis parkland. of temporary water holding areas, natural predators, and 1 available blood meats (wild and domestic animals are the ❑ There are many ways to fend off mosquitos. Build a main source, not humans). screened porch. Stay inside at sundown. Use light colored clothing. Try non-toxic repellents such as Bug -Off or 1 In spite of many heatth complaints each year, we get an Safe 'N Free. Inadequate system to protect human health tf people must or want to avoid needless exposure to the MMCD's ❑ Eliminate potential mosquito breeding sites In your own ' pesticides. The MMCD has an unpublicized cold- fogging backyards, such as eliminating tree holes, old tires, litter, information line (491 -2850) that only applies to Scourge, containers, and temporary water holding depressions. but not Punt. This forces concemed citizens to listen to an Keep gutters clean. Keep water clean in children's pools 1 incomplete list of adutticide sprayings every day to see it and drain when not use. the MMCD might come to their city or park. Sierra Club, North Star Chapter 1 The MMCD hasn't always been careful complying with the Minnesota Audubon Council law following label directions. As a result of illegal and lzaak Walton League, Minnesota Division careless spraying of Punt too close to Lake Ann in Minnesota Herbicide Coalition 1 Chanhassen, the MMCD was fined $1000 and forced to retrain employees to the importance of environmental protection and compliance with the label. I The MMCD and its director receive royatties from the sale of certain control products developed with our tax money. 1 This potential conflict -of- interest affects decisions August 4, 1992 • l Lee Pfannmuller DNR Ecological Services 500 Lafayette Rd. St. Paul, MN 55155 1 Dear Lee: Thank you for the information needed to make minor corrections on the list of contacts Ross Green had sent you. Corrections have been made which I hope meets with your satisfaction. For lack of the right contact person, you were listed because environmental group representatives told me you understood ecological impacts of insecticides on non -game fauna, not because you were the representative for DNR parks. The listing for towns in Massachusetts has been kept because these people had the fortitude to try alternatives to chemicals insecticides that worked for them, and there's something to learn from their experiences, whatever that may be. Please understand they are not listed as an example to compare their ecoregion with ours. Apologies if there was any inconvenience. Sincerely, ' Eric Rivkin cc: Todd Hoffmann, City of Chanhassen Ross Green, MMCD 1 1 1 Updated A ugust 4, 1992 The following twin city metropolitan area scientists, park and public officials understand the MMCD's nuisance mosquito control program's safety and effectivity. Some parks or municipalities have bans or restrictions on I nuisance mosquito chemical controls: Park or Municipality Contact Phone Action Taken 1 DNR, All Wildlife Mgmt. Areas & BilI Morrissey, director 296 -2270 All controls prohibited Scientific and Natural Areas DNR Div. of Parks and Rec Carlos Avery Wildlife Mgmt. Area Roger Johnson, DNR 772 -7942 All controls prohibited DNR State Parks Bill Morrissey, DNR 296 -2270 Control Program in Review, 1992 Mn. Valley National Wildlife Refuge, Chanhassen Mary Mitchell, biologist 854-5900 All controls prohibited I All Minneapolis Parks, City land Al Singer, Environ. Co -ord. 348-2226 All controls prohibited Hennepin Parks Larry Gillette 476 -4663 Adulticides prohibited Lilydale Park, St. Paul Lynn Wolf, St. Paul Parks 292 -7428 All controls prohibited I Hidden Falls Park, St. Paul Lynn Wolf, St. Paul Parks 292 -7428 Adulticides prohibited Crosby Farm Park, St. Paul Margie Kline, Park naturalist 292-6548 All controls prohibited Spring Brook Nature Center, Fridley Siah St. Clair 784-3854 All controls prohibited I Wo odiake Nature Center, Richfield Karen Shanberg 861-9365 All controls pmhibited Dodge Nature Center Eloise Dietz 455 -4531 All controls prohibited Lee and Rose Warner Nature Center Tom Anderson All commis prohibited I Carpenter Nature Center, Hastings Tom Lewanski 437 -4359 All controls pmhibited City of Maplewoxx1 Gary Bastian, Mayor 770 -1786 Control Program in Review, 1992 Char Brooker, Izaak Walton League 777 -4945 I Salisbury, Mass. + 6 other towns Barbara Thomas, Selectwoman 508-462-8860 All controls prohibited Robert Eden 508 -465 -9364 & replaced with tree swallows I Other Contacts Phone Harrison Tordoff, member Scientific Peer Review Panel of MMCD 624 -4363 r Ron Lawrenz, biologist, Science Museum 433 -5953 Gary Montz, DNR Aquatic Biologist, MMCD liaison 297 -4888 Jim Cooper, U of M wildlife biologist 624-1223 1 Art Hawkins, biologist, USFWS 429 -3642 Michael Dejong, biologist, U of St. Thomas 647 -5320 John Derus, Hennepin County Board Chair I Senator Terry Johnston 445-5340 Representative Becky Kelso 445-6658 Senator Gen Olson 296 -1282 Senator John Marty, Roseville 296-5645 Former Senator Don Storm, Edina Senator Gene Mirriam, Coon Rapids 296 -4154 I Rep. Brad Stanius, White Bear Lake 296 -5363 Senator Pat Pariseau, Farmington 463 -8496 Bob Long, St. Paul City Council 298 -4473 1Naomi Loper, Mpls Park Bd. 348 -2226 Annie Young, Mpls Park Bd. 348 -2226 Walter Bratt, Mpls Park Bd. 348 -2226 Bob Dunn, Chair of EQB Joan Galli, DNR non -game bat expert 297-2277 1 1 1 - tr , W CcA4vry SIERRA CLUB 490..44 s s s ( 77Z At i..� North Star Chapter ' SIERRA ri * r =A . r = c is . 1 August 14, 1992 1 Dear Commissioner: 1 We are writing you because we are concerned about the widespread application of pesticides on public and private properties in the metropolitan area. Specifically, we are concerned the activities of the Metropolitan Mosquito Control District. We have serious concerns about the efficacy of the Metropolitan Mosquito Control District's nuisance mosquito control programs as well as its environmental and health impacts. These concerns are outlined in the enclosed ' factsheet. We plan to distribute this factsheet to members of our organizations and other concerned citizens this summer. Many governmental units have banned mosquito control activities within their jurisdictions. The Department of Natural Resources prohibits the Metropolitan Mosquito Control District from applying pesticides in its "waterfowl management areas" and "scientific and natural areas." For the past eight years, the United States Fish and Wildlife Service has banned all mosquito control activity in the Minnesota Valley Wildlife Refuge . Recently, the Minneapolis Park Board banned mosquito control on 6,400 1 acres of parkland property. In 1991, the Metropolitan Mosquito Control District spent $10 million of our property tax dollars for its operations, 1 and allocated an additional $5 million of "excess levies" for the construction of new facilities, including a new headquarters /research facility on University Avenue in St. 1 Paul. We question the wisdom of spending money on nuisance mosquito control operations and deplore the unnecessary expenditures for construction of new facilities. 1 1 * 1313 Fifth Street SE, Suite 1323 • Minneapolis, MN 55414 • (612) 379.3853 Page Two 1 1 The Metropolitan Mosquito Control District is run by a board of seventeen county commissioners called the Metropolitan Mosquito Control Commission (MMCC). We are calling on all county commissioners to urge their colleagues on the MMCC to discontinue its expensive nuisance mosquito control program until such time as it can prove that it is cost - effective and in the public's best interest. Sincerely, 1 North Star Chapter The Izaak Minnesota of the Sierra Club Walton League Audubon Council 1 Harriet Lykken Char Brooker Don Arnosti Enclosure 1 11 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 July 28, 1992 To: Todd Hoffman, Chanhassen Park Board Members I From: Eric Rivkin This additional information should answer questions about the safety and effectiveness of mosquito pesticides the Park Board members had on the June 23 meeting, and shed light on new questions for July 28. 1 Lack of Safety Assurances or a Good Notification System it took a call from Senator Terry Johnston to Ross Green of the MMCD to insure they would notify me ff they were spraying Lake Ann. I The MMCD did not notify the city as promised when they sprayed on July 13. Ernie W. of the MMCD called me at 7:30 am on July 13, and I assume he would have notified the city. When i was videotaping the MMCD spraying, (1 was upwind) a vantoad of preschoolers pulled into the playground while the spraying was going on. I asked the teacher if they had seen the signs posted by the MMCD in the park minutes earlier, and said she had not. She was concerned about the spraying because some of the preschoolers had allergies. I The small yellow signs had no warnings about the health hazards of the pesticides, or even stated the area had been sprayed. For thousands of feet of harborage sprayed, there were only a couple signs posted on the road far away from the sprayed foliage. From an MMCD Newsletter. Summer 1990, "MMCD notifies the local law enforcement agencies before fogging in an area" 1 Are mosquito -borne diseases a threat in Lake Ann and Lake Susan parks? Dave Neitzel of the MMCD said he found a few A. Mseriatus mosquitos, which could potentially carry disease, breeding from amongst thousands of littered cans in the park woods. There were no other potential breeding sites of A. tdsedatus found by the MMCD. The I spraying of the park is not effective at controlling this mosquito because spraying covers such a small area. The spraying was done to suppress nuisance mosquitos such as A. vexans, that don't carry disease. To 100% eliminate any threat of disease carrying mosquitos, the Park Board could direct a citizen -based or scout troop cleanup of the park every spring before the leaves break, and I . educate the public through park signs and newsletter articles not to litter and why. The following references are from the proceedings and scientific studies presented at the conference, Mosquito Control Pesticides: Ecological Impacts and Management Alternatives. Gainesville Florida, January 18, 1991. Florida spends $60 million I a year on mosquito control for the whole state, including significant amounts for economic and ecological impact research. The EPA has a laboratory in Gulf Breeze, Fla. where research on the effects of mosquito pesticides on the environment is conducted. The MMCD spends $10 million for our one metropolitan area, with little money spent for these types of research. I Are mosquito control chemicals harmful to the environment? David J. Wesley. USFWS, Florida. from Mosquito Control Pesticides and Threatened and Endangered Species 'The EPA determined that 112 [some are mosquito control] chemicals would potentially affect 165 different species In the US. I Mosquito control programs may affect listed species by direct poisoning, indirect contamination of the habitat by runoff, loss of food as a result of mortality to food base organisms, and though application techniques." Thomas Emmet. Dept of Zoology. U. of Florida. from Overview: Mosquito Control. Pesticides. and the Ecosystem. I 'Newly acquired evidence has shown ... It is clear that a major loss of diversity in the ecosystem may be caused by mosquito pesticide spraying in diverse habitat areas." I Peter Eliazar, Deot of Zoology. U. of Florida. from Adverse Impacts to Non - target Insects. "Scourge is considered extremely toxic to non - target lepidopteran [butterfly] larvae". Scourge "cold fogging" is used widely by the MMCD for residential areas and parks. I James R. Clark, USEPA. Environmental Research Laboratory. from Adverse Impacts to Freshwater Aquatic Organisms "Crustaceans are extremely sensitive to mosquito control insecticides as a result of their close relationships with insects" I James A. Stevenson. Florida DNR. from Public Lands issues 'We are very opposed to application of adulticides over parks because of concern for non - target species' Charlie Morris. PhD. Florida Medical Entomology Lab. U. of Florida. from Mosaulto Control A/tematives for the New Millenium I "The Florida departments of Environmental Regulation, DNR, and Game and Freshwater Fish Commission.. oppose mosquito control chemical usage" I Thomas Emmel, Dept of Zoology. U. of Florida. from Recommendaitons for Alternatives "Contamination of BTI insecticides with beta- exotoxin has been an ominous problem for BTI manufacturers because beta - exotoxins are banned in the US by the EPA. This raises the specter of undesirable side effects on other insects in the ecological community." I Harry M. Tiebout. Dept of Zooloay. U. of Florida. from Evaluation of Federal Ecological Risk Assessment "Calculations indicate that in a typical application [targeted for mosquitos] less than 1% of the pesticide delivered actually contacts the target. Thus, 99% of the initial dose drifts through the habitat, eventually contaminating various nontargets in the atmosphere, water, 1 coif vennt2tinn onr4 anim2ic " "Additional stresses [from the disruption of environmental elements] that wild animals face which are not generally faced by laboratory test animals, can amplify the negative impacts of pesticide exposure' Are mosquito control chemicals really effective nuisance mosquito control? ' Thomas Emmel. Dept of Zoology. U. of Florida. from Overview: Mosquito Control. Pesticides. and the Ecosystem. "Because the larvae of [cattail mosquitos - C. perturbans] obtain oxygen by piercing the roots of aquatic plants, and not by swimming to the surface of the water to breathe, ft makes It extremely difficult to control this species by larvaciding." I MMCD Newsletter, Winter 1990, "The MMCD is the only district in the US which controls this type of mosquito [cattail mosquito]" Cattail mosquito Iarvaciding is done at Rice Marsh Lake with the methoprene briquets. Charlie Morris. PhD. Florida Medical Entomology Lab. U. of Florida. from Mosquito Control Alternatives for the New Millenium 1 Spraying to kill adult mosquitos is the last and least desirable resort. The power of adulticides blinded society into the vision of "mosquito extermination ". "Many Mosquito districts require a conservative five bites -per- minute threshold before spraying. Is It any wonder some people think mosquito control is not doing its job ?" "Breeding areas [treated with BTI bacterial larvacide must be retreated as needed, and the insects can develop resistance, just as they 1 do to synthetic insecticides. [BTI] was developed in the search for biological control agents, but they are not true biological control agents." "Resistance has already been seen to natural BTI in blackflies in Africa ". The MMCD will spend $440,000 in 1992 BTI in attempting to control blackflies. Are mosquito control adulticides really a human health threat? 1 Charlie Morris. PhD. Florida Medical Entomoloav Lab, U. of Florida. from Mosquito Control Alternatives for the New Millenium "The Saginaw Michigan mosquito control program has two lists of people: the chemically - sensitve and the mosquito - sensitive." I MMCD Newsletter, Summer 1990, MMCD... maintains a 'Notify List" of people with severe allergies who may be affected by the fogging. We do not fog when pedestrians are nearby." This, and other exposure cases, acknowledges there is a health threat. Minn. Deot of Health. Evaluation of the Human Health Hazards of Resmethrin (cold- fogging chemicals) I "Several contacts reported anectotal reports of adverse responses in humans exposed to synthetic pyrethroids. Responses included prickling and itching of the skin (i.e. face, tongue, lips, nasal passages, eyes and hands), and numbness of face and hands' 'Allergists stated that people allergic to ragweed could exhibit cross - sensitization to pyrethrins' "Allergists stated that when people with an existing disease, such as asthma, other respiratory disease, heart disease, were exposed to' inhaled pollutant (eg. insecticide spray) they could manifest an exacerbation of the disease' It also appears in the literature that reactions could also be triggered by inert ingredients, kept secret by the manufacturers. [Note: Since the MDOH did this evaluation, not a scientific study, in 1984, the number of health - related complaints has risen significantly to the point where Minneapolis has banned mosquito chemical controls from its parks. Since this report, many studies have been done that confirm adverse reactions are real. These have been cited in my June 26 letter] Are there alternatives? 1 Charlie Morris. PhD. Florida Medical Entomology Lab. U. of Florida. from Mosquito Control Alternatives for the New Milienium 'Prevention, through source reduction, is simple, effective, economical, and environmentally sound. Examples of source reduction: Eliminate trash containers and tires that hold water, properly design and maintain retention ponds, created wetlands, and other water management facilities, maintain lake and pond edges free of vegetation, drain casual surface water, maintain impoundments, dredge or fill nonessential water - holding areas' "Homeowners are astounded when they team they are breeding their own mosquito problems. Many do not know mosquitos live in I water on sites other than marshes. The solution is obvious and simple: educate people about mosquitos and how they can prevent mosquito breeding' , Thomas Emmel, Deot of Zooloay. U. of Florida. from Recommendations for Alternatives 1 'Aerially feeding birds such as swallows, swifts, an martins devour large numbers of mosquitos. The net result of all this predation is that the mosquito population Is limited by natural means' Chanhassen Park Board can ask scout troops to build habitats for the city's 1 parks for these birds and bats. 1 1 1 1 1 PACKET 1 1 Information received from MMCD 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 AN`,. .A 2 FA'SE' METROPOLITAN MOSQUITO CONTROL DISTRICT 1 3 2380 WYCLIFF STREET • ST. PAUL, MINNESOTA 55114 • 612- 645 -9149 FAX 612- 645 -3246 1 R.D. SJOGREN, Ph.D. W.J. CAESAR 1 Director Business Admin. 19 August 1992 1 To Chanhassen City Council: Thank you for the opportunity to discuss Metropolitan Mosquito Control District (MMCD) operations in the metropolitan area. Attached, (listed on following page) please find some 1 background material for the August 24, 1992 meeting. In summary, MMCD encompasses a number of programs (Attachments #1 and #2), the largest being the floodwater Aedes mosquito control program. MMCD's regional control program is 1 directed at preventing mosquitoes from leaving the water by using two types of biological control materials (Attachment #3) that affect immature mosquitoes in an environmentally sensitive approach. A natural soil bacteria (Bacillus thuringiensis var israelensis or Bti) and an insect growth regulator (Methoprene or brand name Altosid) are used in dry, granulated or briquet forms. The District's emphasis is on the control of mosquito larvae while they are in the water. 1 Localized adult mosquito control is done to reduce mosquito annoyance for public events on request. MMCD primarily treats in and around park and recreation areas for civic events. Adult mosquito control materials are permethrin and resmethrin products (Attachment #3). These materials are synthetic pyrethroids and are similar in chemical structure to pyrethrin, a natural botanical insecticide that is the extract of the chrysanthemum flower. 1 Our Quality Assurance program measures the effectiveness of our mosquito control operations as part of an ongoing commitment to providing a quality service to the citizens in the 111 metropolitan area. A summary of the 1991 results is included in Attachment #4. MMCD programs are subject to state and federal review, as well as annual review by an independent Technical Advisory Board. An independent Scientific Peer Review Panel (SPRP) directs contract environmental research to assess potential adverse environmental impacts. No adverse environmental effects have been found in four years of research on larval control materials to date. The conclusion of World Health Organization publication (Environmental Health Criteria, World Health Organization: Geneva, 1989 and 1990) on adult mosquito control materials cites very low risk for permethrin and resmethrin, the materials used by MMCD. For both products, they conclude that under recommended conditions of use, the exposure of the general population is negligible and is unlikely to present a hazard. With recommended application rates, it is unlikely that the materials or their degradation products will have environmental significance. 1 AFFIRMATIVE ACTION EMPLOYER 1 MMCD letter 8/19/92 Page 2 1 MMCD has chosen to use the most environmentally sensitive control materials available. Staff remain up to date on advances in mosquito control technology. They continue to evaluate alternative methods of mosquito control (Attachment #5). 1 To accomplish the above work, the MMCD operations budget for 1992 is $9,946,714. The MMCD levy on an $80,000 home is less than $4.00 in 1992. Ninety three percent (93 %) ' of MMCD's budget goes into the field for the control of mosquitos, biting gnats, Lyme tick surveillance, program development, quality control and environmental studies. Additional readings are included in Attachment #6. Please call 645 -9149 if you require additional information for the August 24th meeting. 1 Sincerely, 1 usan Palchick, Ph.D Aedes Program Manager Attachments: 1 #1 Program Overview 1992 • Explains the components of the MMCD 1 #2 Brochure • Explains mosquito biology and the MMCD program #3 Control Materials Used by MMCD • Explains the control materials, where and how they are used ' #4 Quality Assurance Program • Summarizes the efficacy of control operations in 1991 #5 Mythical Mosquito Control • Discusses alternative methods of mosquito control ' #6 Citizen Bibliography - Selected References • Lists a few documents with additional background information These are available from the MMCD library 1 1 Attachment #1 1 METROPOLITAN MOSQUITO CONTROL DISTRICT PROGRAM OVERVIEW 1992 1 Introduction: The 1958 Legislature established the Metropolitan Mosquito Control District to control mosquitoes in Anoka, eastern Carver, Dakota, Hennepin, Ramsey, Scott and Washington Counties. The District is governed by a Board of County Commissioners, composed of seventeen elected members, which meets monthly. 1 In the 1980's legislation extended control measures to include the control of biting gnats and conduct field surveys of deer ticks which transmit L disease. S g mosquito control, LaCrosse encephalitis prevention and Quality Assurance programs of in cattail 9• 1 The administrative structure emphasizes staff participation in decision making, and is committed to data based decision making. N MC D programs are subject to state and federal review, as well as annual review by an independent Technical Advisory Board, and a Lyme Tick Advisory Board. An independent Scientific Peer Review Panel directs contract environmental research to assess potential adverse environmental impacts. None have been found in four years of research to date. MMCD Field Programs 1 Floodwater Aedes Mosquito Control 1 Floodwater mosquitoes develop in large numbers after rains, can fly long distances and are avid biters. This program • Maps mosquito breeding sites in and adjacent to the metropolitan counties. • Ranks breeding sites for production, from the most to least prolific. • Monitors important breeding sites to determine need for control. • Makes mosquito larval control applications: • working from the metro interior out • from the most productive sites down to less productive sites • with available resources • Makes applications for adult mosquito control in and around high public use areas (park & 1 recreation arras, outdoor civic events) and areas where adult mosquitoes congregate. • Develops more cost effective control strategies using available larval control materials known to be mosquito specific at the dosages used • Investigates new control options to increase: • Control effectiveness • Environmental safety • Cost effectiveness Floodwater mosquitoes are well known in mosquito literature for their explosive populations which develop after heavy rainfall, river flooding and high tides. Drought resistant eggs hatch 1 synchronously and emerge in great numbers over large areas. In contrast, all other mosquitoes develop in lesser numbers, emerging evenly over time. Minnesota has unusually productive conditions for such mosquitoes. The factors favoring these conditions are: • Undulating Iand which collects precipitation runoff in thousands of basin depressions • Average precipitation of 26 inches. Amounts of 1.5 inches or greater can produce major mosquito hatches. • Of fifty local mosquito species, 26 are triggered to hatch by floodwater. Eggs of many can lie dormant for years, then hatch from rain runoff. • Region wide rainfall can produce simultaneous mosquito development which results in peaks of severe adult mosquito emergence. 1 The primary MMCD control focus is on the control of immature (larval) mosquitoes when they are concentrated during aquatic development Adult mosquito control is secondary and is conducted 1 primarily in association with civic events and recreation areas where mosquito annoyance interferes with outdoor activities. Cattail Mosquito Control The most aggressive Minnesota mosquito species (capable of transmitting Eastern Equine ' Encephalitis), the Cattail Mosquito develops in marshes attached to cattail roots, and requires a specialized control program This program: • Maps cattail marshes with poor water quality conditions associated with this mosquito ' • Conducts fall marsh surveys to identify breeding areas producing high mosquito numbers • Makes ground and aerial treatments to breeding sites from February through Tune • Evaluates control efficacy by monitoring regional adult cattail mosquito populations 1 LaCrosse Encephalitis Prevention LaCrosse encephalitis is a viral disease transmitted by mosquitoes to children in wooded areas. This program: ' • Maps LaCrosse encephalitis mosquito foci. • Monitors LaCrosse virus to determine transmission risk to children. • Informs community leaders of disease transmission risk. ' • Conducts surveillance for Asian Tiger Mosquito introduction. • Works with the MN Pollution Control Agency to remove tire breeding sites. • Provides interim mosquito control in virus active areas. 1 Western Encephalitis (Contingency) Western encephalitis is a mosquito transmitted viral disease to humans and horses, which can be transmitted during years when weather conditions favor development of high numbers of the WE mosquito. This program: • Determines Western encephalitis (WE) mosquito breeding sites • Monitors WE mosquito population levels. ' • Activates a health advisory committee when mosquito and virus levels indicate a potential disease problem. • Focuses control on WE mosquito producing sites when virus transmission risk increases by ' converting theAedes mosquito program to focus on WE. Lome Disease Tick and Pathogen Surveillance Lyme disease is a bacterial infection transmitted by deer ticks. The program determines the distribution of vector ticks and their infection rates in the metro area for disease risk assessment. This program: • Surveys metro counties to determine the Lyme disease tick distribution. 1 • Will determine the distribution of the Lyme disease bacteria from tick, deer and mouse blood samples. • Provides the Minnesota Department of Health with field data, and samples for laboratory analysis. 1 • Evaluates tick control measures for future use in high risk areas. Black Fly Biting Gnat) Control Black flies are biting gnats which cause severe allergic reactions and annoyance to man and animals during daytime hours. These insects develop in streams and large rivers in the metro area. This program: • Maps gnat breeding sites within the gnat flight range of the Twin Cities. • Ranks gnat breeding sites, from the most prolific to the least prolific. • Conducts control on the most productive sites to the extent of available resources. • Conducts environmental impact studies on the bacterial control material used for control 1 R.D. So n Director 1 TAB Overview4r2J92 1 /14.tekit,r05. Metro Metropolitan IT'S A FACT.. . p M osquito Control Adult (flying) mosquitoes frequently rest in harborage areas (for- est, tree stands, grass, shrubbery or other foliage) but they do not ! Di strict develop there. All mosquitoes need water to complete their early life stages. Although 50 kinds of mosquitoes occur in the Twin Cities, most l Formed 1958 � annoyance and disease transmission is caused by 10 types which The Metropolitan Mosquito Control District (MMCD) is a the MMCD program works to control. seven - county, cooperative governmental agency, including Spring woodland mosquito eggs begin hatching and developing as the counties of Anoka, Dakota, Hennepin, Ramsey, Scott, larvae in March when snow melt waters drain into depressions in Washington, and the eastern half of Carver, established to wooded areas. During summer months, the main mosquito pest, control pest and disease bearing mosquitoes in the greater Aedes vexans, develops in depressions which hold enough runoff metropolitan area. water collected from thunderstorms for the 7 to 10 days required for immature mosquito development. With the exception of one kind of mosquito which develops under water and breathes through cattail roots, mosquitoes do not develop in lakes. There are over 100 individual breeding sites per square mile in some *k R O P 01 /6 parts of the metro region! Most Minnesota pest mosquitoes lay their eggs on damp organic debris in grassy depressions or along the shoreline of marshes. Some pest and disease bearing mosquitoes lay their eggs in tree t holes, old tires, tin cans or other water holding containers. The Z eggs may hatch within several days or remain unhatched for - weeks, months, or years until they are covered with water. raillill Upon hatching, wigglers (larvae) grow quickly and turn into tum- 1 JO biers (pupae). Soon the backs of the pupae split open and the adult o /+ T e mosquitoes emerge. The female mosquitoes bite to obtain blood ` O N 1 11 D needed to develop their eggs. Males feed on plant juices and do not bite. The life span of spring woodland mosquitoes ranges from 3 to 5 Over 30 Years of Service months. Those hatching (A. vexans) from summer thunderstorms live an average of 4 weeks. Flight ranges of important species vary Mailing Address: R. D. Sjogren, Ph.D., from less than 1/4 mile, for the mosquito which can transmit 2380 Wycliff Street Director LaCrosse Encephalitis virus, up to 50 miles by the most common St. Paul, MN 55114 -1257 W. J. Caesar, Business pest mosquito. Administrator Phone (612) 645 -9149 R. D. Green, Public • • • MOSQUITOES ARE BEING CONTROLLED • • • Information - Affirmative Action Employer WM INN MN NM Nal NE NNE IIIII NE ININI 111.1 INN NE IIIIN NMI NM NMI INN INII MOSQUITO LIFE CYCLE WHY THE DISTRICT OPERATES AS IT DOES... ► 1. Why are mosquitoes controlled in the larval stage? The most effective 4al' and economical method to reduce adult mosquitoes over a large / ��\ .1`,1 area is to prevent adult mosquito emergence from as many breed - � T; ing areas as possible. Since adult mosquitoes disperse over a large EGGS .. .Au ADULT area, it is most cost effective to control the larvae when they are ' ••' • ` ♦ — concentrated in the water. b►A Pups ADULT EMERGING 2. Does the District use any physical or natural/biological methods of con - LARVA FROM PUPA trol? Most mosquito breeding locations have aesthetic or wildlife value and should not be eliminated by physical means. Most WHAT YOUR DISTRICT DOES ... mosquitoes come from intermittent wet and dry areas where natu- ral enemies are killed upon drying. Effective and economical bio- 1. Inspection - Locates and maps mosquito breeding sites. logical control agents which will maintain themselves under the 2. Surveillance - Determines the kinds of mosquitoes and their rela- local intermittent water conditions are unavailable. As an alterna- tive abundance by larval sampling and adult mosquito collections. Live, nontoxic non - persistent materials are used for control. 3. Larval Mosquito Control - Biologically controls breeding sites of pest and disease carrying mosquitoes with a nontoxic, biodegrad- 3. Sometimes I am awakened by your helicopter flying near my house. able insect growth regulator which prevents larval mosquitoes Why are helicopter applications made early in the morning or on week- from developing into adult.mosquitoes, yet makes them available ends? Early applications are necessary to control mosquito breeding as food for wildlife. areas before high winds interfere with accurate placement of con - 4. Adult Mosquito Control - Controls adult mosquitoes at commu- trol materials. As the mosquito needs only about 7 days in the nity functions, parks, etc. with ultra low volume equipment using a water to grow, time is important to achieve complete control and pyrethrum like material in food grade white mineral oil. At the low some weekend work is necessary. dosage rate used the fog is not harmful to organisms larger than mosquitoes. 4. Do you fog residential areas when adult mosquitoes are bad? Adult 5. Quality Assurance - Defines standards of quality, monitors the control measures usually are limited to community events and accuracy of treatment, and determines the effectiveness of control. heavy use park and recreation areas. This permits control of more 6. LaCrosse Program - Addresses surveillance and control of Aedes breeding sites and thus achieves the greatest overall control with triseriatus (tree hole mosquito) in confirmed or suspected case areas the funds available. The District fogs residential areas when there is of LaCrosse Encephalitis. severe mosquito annoyance. 7. Lyme Program - Identifies areas in the District where deer ticks (Lyme Disease carrier) are present. Information collected will be 5. Why are mosquitoes more abundant some years than others? Year to provided to the Minnesota Department of Health (MDH) for fur- year fluctuations in mosquito populations exist due to differences ther review in the numbers of eggs hatching under varying rainfall conditions. 8. Black Fly Program - Controls larvae to reduce biting gnat popu- Frequent thunderstorms provide standing water for mosquito lations in the Twin Cities metro area using a natural /biological con- development. Adult Aedes vexans emerge from rain waters outside trol agent Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis (B.t.i.). the District and can move from their breeding sites and enter the 9. Public Information - Provides mail out information to residents metropolitan area. The number of mosquitoes encountered and responds to phone inquiries. Presents programs on the District depends upon the size of the mosquito brood in adjacent uncon- activities to schools, civic organizations and citizen groups on trolled rural areas, evening breezes, harborage favorable for request. mosquito resting, and amount of harborage nearby. ABOUT DISTRICT MOSQUITO CONTROL MATERIALS ... St. Louis Encephalitis - This virus, associated with widespread outbreaks in other regions of the Midwest, is uncommon in 1. Only non - persistent U.S. Environmental Protection Agency regis- Minnesota. tered materials and dosage rates for mosquito control are used. 2. MMCD uses briquettes and /or granules (not sprays) which Dog Heartworm - Thirteen local mosquito species are known trans - release control material after contact with water to control mitters of the parasite. The most common ate the spring woodland mosquito larvae. mosquito species and the principal summer pest mosquito, Aedes 3. Children or pets coming into contact with water treated for vexans. Successful prevention requires close supervision by one's mosquito control will not be harmed due to the types and small local veterinarian. amounts of control materials used. Altosid, the insect growth regu- lator used, is an insect hormone of mosquitoes and some related WHAT YOU CAN DO ... flies. It is nontoxic to other insects, fish, birds, and mammals. 4. Children and pets encountering adult mosquito control aerosol If you live in a wooded area, rid your yard of breeding sites such as fogs will not be harmed as the material is plant related and used at low, wet tree holes (fill and cap with cement) and water holding con - an extremely low dosage rate (.0035 lbs. /acre) in a food grade min- tainers such as tires, cans and buckets which can provide breeding eral oil. The fog is nonallergenic and decomposes within 4 hours in areas for the mosquito which carries LaCrosse Encephalitis. Once the sunlight. virus is established in a breeding site, the site can become a source of 5. Each year the Metropolitan Mosquito Control Commission disease bearing mosquitoes year after year. Technical Advisory Board, composed of representatives from gov- ernment agencies and concerned citizen groups, reviews the Residents of non - wooded areas should also empty, remove, cover District program and provides recommendations to help ensure or turn upside down any receptacle that could hold water to reduce human and environmental safety. mosquito breeding on their property. 6. An Environmental Impact Statement covering all aspects of the MMCD program was completed in 1978. Copies of the EIS are METROPOLITAN MOSQUITO CONTROL COMMISSION 1992 available from local libraries. A supplement to this document (SEIS) was completed in 1987 to update the program. Nick Cenaiko, Chair Anoka County 7. In 1985 the Metropolitan Mosquito Control Commission Don Salverda, Vice Chair „„. „„.„. „„Ramsey County organized an independent panel of experts, the Scientific Peer Dennis Hegberg, Secretary Washington County Review Panel (SPRP). SPRP directs the funding in research for Robert Burman .... „. ...„„. „„..„ „.„.......Anoka County . potential negative environmental impacts on wetlands life from Jim Kordiak Anoka County control materials used by the MMCD. Harold Trende. „ „.- . „.„... „.„.„ „„....„ „Carver County Don Chapdelaine Dakota County Steve Loeding . „...„. „„.. „ „..............„ „Dakota County MOSQUITO BORNE DISEASES OF THE Michael Turner Dakota County METROPOLITAN AREA ... Randy Johnson ..„„.- .„„. „.„„. „„.„.„ „Hennepin County Tad Jude Hennepin County LaCrosse Encephalitis - This virus affecting children is confined to Peter McLaughlin.„„ ..„. „„............. „Hennepin County wooded areas of Carver, Hennepin, Scott, South Washington, and John Finley Ramsey County Dakota Counties. It occurs most commonly during August and Hal Norgard „. „ „„..„ „.„.„ „ - ..„ „.„.„„ „Ramsey County September. Homeowner elimination of breeding sites (low tree Dick Mertz Scott County holes, artificial containers) in wooded areas is the most effective William Koniarski „ „„.... „„.... „....„„ „Scott County control method. Donald Scheel Washington County Western Encephalitis - The mosquito which transmits this virus Commissioners are appointed by their respective county boards normally occurs at low levels in the District. Above normal early and serve one year terms. Real Estate taxes provide the funds for summer rainfall favors the development of high populations of the ro am of which 93% is used for field operations and 7 % for mosquitoes capable of transmitting the virus. strict suppression p of this mosquito in the larval stage before high adult populations administration. t develop is the best method of disease prevention. i • MN MIN I= b.y 1pMpms+w A,' ti+Aaw A.. *kr w::ei., . ekNwn. u as am — Oa re • ,', ow am EN — • — NM ti — — r ON R OSSE ENC EP i.� q Vt and the . "is ._ VOLE MO i o If you have any questions , 4� / at all, please call the •, - Metropolitan Mosquito Control a District at 645 -9149. 1 P / ....t_L-L.../ lease ask for the li t/ LaCrosse Encephalitis I _ Prevention Program. 1 y ; r z A +w t a , i / / r 4 fi x. � ar � ", ; ` \ x •1 'fir. - � 5 w7 1 � ray ��¢ 4 t 4 4 pillasgibarr- 4 (k I tr--1 - , ti 3,a x :1,''i ;' ''',0) W iii , �� p l 11 I ~�J€6, s in o c $ Ln _ :i 0 o ;,11 Preventing a mosquito -borne ::�i1 z O T O 4w O disease of children p o d in your neighborhood 0 J What is LaCrosse Encephalitis? survive the winter and allow the virus to B. Empty and /or discard all other • LaCrosse Encephalitis is a viral disease that remain in the same areas year after year. water holding containers. can affect children (under age 18). • The requirement of tree holes and artificial • The LaCrosse Encephalitis virus is carried containers for larval development presents 0 Modify tree holes that hold water. by the Tree HoleMosquito (Aedes triseriatus). an opportunity for control of this mosquito. A. Tree holes can be filled with This is one of 50 mosquito species found in If Tree Hole Mosquito breeding sites are • dirt or sand as often as needed to the Twin Cities area. modified, or removed from an area, then no prevent standing water. adult Tree Hole Mosquitoes are produced, B. The tree holes can be manually • Very few Tree Hole Mosquitoes in any area and the LaCrosse virus cannot be trans- actually carry the virus, but children can mined to children. drained each time they collect become ill if they are bitten by a Tree Hole rainwater. Mosquito infected with the virus. • The District's LaCrosse Encephalitis M x • . •. • S q toms may not 1* apparent, or may Prevention Program conducts extensive 1 ,g, , °'1' r ,, ; . j; F. f" ' ! - YmP Y ppa y surveillance to identify potential problem a. range from mild headaches and flu -like ,, it " 9 areas, and provides community education t Y ( symptoms to mental confusion and convul- and control assistance in these areas. \ I y , ' , ) ‘ 1 . y , t 4 , `* , Ps sions. Only a doctor can confirm that an illness with some or all of these symptoms is • The Tree Hole Mosquito can be easily and r 4 ) ' ' ri, ` w� only t `* ° IY when residents �, ,, ` ,. �.. � � LaCrosse Encephalitis. The disease may effectively controlled ; also cause permanent damage to the central and communities get involved. The * �� , � �•. system and in rare ass ea Metropolitan Mosquito Control District can -1 � 1 * , , / A , f • nervous sy c e,d th ..► provide only limited control due to the large r r ' � " ! : i ' What Is so special about the numbers of artificial containers residents -4 4,. 4.1 , ,. t „ ' ; 1 ` Tree Hole Mosquito? allow to be placed around their homes. s y 4 J v, , �,, .. • a Y+►""` 1 , ; f� is - A, • The Tree Hole Mosquito develops (breeds) What can you do to prevent LaCrosse `" `` " ,/ ' i v I ' in water holding tree holes and artificial con- Encephalitis in your neighborhood? Modify tree holes that hold water. tainers (old tires, cans, buckets, children's toys, etc.). This differs from the normal pest Remove artificial containers. C. Drill holes at the base of the mosquitoes that use temporary pools of water A. Pick up all old tires and contact tree hole and maintain them to (marshes and land depressions) for a • your local tire store, gas station, or drain the collected water. breeding habitat legal tire scrapyard for proper dis- D. Tree holes can be filled with • The larvae (water stage) of the Tree Hole posal. If the tires cannot be re- rock wool (an insulating cement Mosquito will only use breeding habitat in moved, empty all water which available at building supply woods or other shaded areas. The majority may be in them, cover them with stores). This substance is pliable of the tree hole and container breeding sites plastic tarp, and store them in a when dried and will not crack with - used are between ground level and seven sunny location. the movements of the tree. feet high. °�* � , , r �� : Remember. Only wet tree holes • Adult (flying) Tree Hole Mosquitoes do not ` ' T' = ,;« ,- y - -, try less than seven feet off the ground fly far and usually remain in the same neigh - - � � .,P4 , ! ► are used by Tree Hole Mosquitoes. borhood where they developed. Investigations ail • `i, � r, �Y= `' ` `'` have shown that the source of Tree Hole Mt r ,1 1 .. k� µ Communication. Mosquitoes for most cases of LaCrosse I .. 14r Encephalitis is the same yard where the child - Discuss this information with your lives and ° ► .� -.4 • friends and neighbors so they can plays. x• G � help control a disease - causing • Female Tree Hole Mosquitoes can the . '^ ° ` '' sq pa ss «. '' � pest, and reduce the chance of LaCrosse Encephalitis virus on to their v, \ i , LaCrosse Encephalitis occurring . offspring through their eggs. These eggs Remove artificial containers. in your neighborhood. I Attachment #3 ,CONTROL MATERIALS USED BY THE 1 METROPOLITAN MOSQUITO CONTROL DISTRICT 1 MOSQUITO BREEDING SITE of the mosquito breeding cycle. Typical applications are by helicopter in sites which are A mosquito breeding site is just about any place greater than 3 acres in size at a rate of 5-10 lbs. 1 which will hold water for a week or more after per acre. In sites less than 3 acres, Bti may be a rain. The typical summer Aeries species applied to pockety sites by ground crews with mosquito breeding site generally occurs in sites cyclone seeders or power back- packs. I which are less than 4 feet deep and in areas which may contain many grasses. The MMCD ADULT MOSQUITO CONTROL has mapped breeding sites in the entire I metropolitan area as well as sites in Wright, Permethrin (Back Packing) western Carver and southeastern Sherburne Permethrin is used to treat adult mosquitoes in counties. There are over 60,000 breeding sites known daytime resting or harborage areas. I in the metropolitan area. A one acre mosquito good breeding site can produce over two millon Harborage areas are wooded areas with go ground cover that provide a shaded, moist area I mosquitoes for each brood of mosquitoes. Over for mosquitoes to rest during the daylight hours. a typical summer there can be six or more broods of mosquitoes hatching from these Adult control is initiated when MMCD breeding sites. surveillance (harborage and light trap collections) I indicates nuisance populations of mosquitoes; LARVAL MOSQUITO CONTROL when employee conducted landing rate collections document high numbers of mosquitoes; or when I Altosid 150 Day Briquets Altosid briquets a large number of citizen complaints of mosquito contain methoprene which is a growth hormone annoyance are received from an area. Harborage specific to the mosquito larvae. Briquets are spraying can also be initiated prior to large I typically applied to mosquito breeding sites outdoor civic events. which are 3 acres or less. Briquets are applied to the lowest part of the site on a grid pattern. The District mixes permethrin with food grade I Sites which may flood and then dry up are mineral oil and applies it to wooded areas with treated completely. Sites which are somewhat a power back -pack mister. permanent water are treated with briquets to the • I perimeter of the site in the grassy areas. Pockety Resmethrin (Cold Fogging) ground sites (i.e. sites without a dish type Resmethrin is used to treat adult mosquitoes in bottom) may not be treated with briquets due to known areas of concentration or nuisance, I spotty control achieved in the uneven drawdown Resmethrin is applied from truck mounted Ultra of the site. Low Volume (ULV) machines which produce a Altosid Pellets fog which contacts mosquitoes when they are flying. Cold fogging is done either in the early Altosid pellets also consist of methoprene morning or at dusk when mosquitoes become formulated in a pellet shape. Altosid pellets are more active. I designed to provide up to 30 days control. Applications are be made to breeding sites at a rate of 2.5 lbs. to 5.0 lbs. per acre. I All of the materials used by the MMCD are Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis (Bti) approved by the U.S. Environmental Protection Bri corn cob granules may be applied in all types Agency (EPA), and are registered for their use in I of mosquito breeding sites which have targeted Minnesota by the Department of Agriculture. mosquito larvae in the water. Bti can be effectively applied during the first three instars Attachment 1/4 1 QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAM Summary 1 In 1991, the Quality Assurance program measured efficacy of larval mosquito control, helped to determine the accuracy of briquet placement and coordinated the annual updating 1 of MMCD section maps. 1991 was a year of record rainfall, high water levels in breeding sites and many broods of mosquitoes produced.. In this environment larval control rates improved over 1990 rates. At 79 %, mean control of summer Aedes mosquitoes in sites 1 treated with Altosid briquets was 5% higher than in 1990. At 77 %, mean control with Bti corncob applied by helicopter was 3% higher than in 1990. Briquets were placed. correctly in 84% of the sites inspected where accuracy could be determined. 1 EFFICACY OF LARVAL CONTROL The 1991 mosquito season was the second wettest in 33 years. The 27 inches of rainfall 1 • between May and September was 40% above normal and followed a 1990 season that was 25% above normal (MMCD records). Rainfall filled mosquito breeding sites to record Ievels throughout the season. Bti Corncob Applications The 5 Ib /ac rate was used early in the season when the vegetation in breeding sites was sparse. Beginning in June, the 7.5 Ib /ac rate was used to offset the shielding effect of dense vegetative canopies in breeding "air" sites. Bti corncob of two different particle sizes, large granule (G) and small granule (CG), was used. Methods. Efficacy is measured by foremen and seasonal staff using the pre- treatment and 1 post - treatment dipping method.. This method consists of taking a series of dips in breeding sites soon after a rainfall and estimating the average number of mosquito Iarvae per dip (pre- treatment count). The process is repeated in a randomly selected sample of sites 2448 hours after treatment (post - treatment count). Counts are recorded and control percentages are calculated based on the difference between the 2 counts. Results and Discussion. Bti corncob was applied by helicopter ter at 5 and 7.5 lbs per acre 1 throughout the District in 1991. Of ca 4,445 site treatments, control rates were calculated from a random sample of 1,036 that received post treatment inspections. Overall, 66% of the Bri applications achieved an empirically selected minimum acceptable control level of 90 %. Altosid Product Applications The Altosid XR briquet was applied to 30,213 breeding sites at 220 briquets per acre. 1 Altosid pellets were applied by seeder to 204 small sites at 2.5 Ibs /ac. Pupal collection assays conducted in all operating divisions included 758 from sites treated 1 with briquets, 209 from 30-day pellet sites and 117 from untreated sites. 1 1 I 1 Methods. We used the pupal collection method to measure efficacy of Altosid products in arbitrarily chosen treated sites. With this method, native mosquito pupae are collected in both treated and untreated sites, transported to the laboratory and set up in small, screen top containers. Each day, successfully emerged adults are counted and released until all mosquitoes either emerged or died. Using results from both treated and untreated (reference) sites, control rates from individual sites are calculated using Mulla's Formula 11 1 (Mulla et al. 1971). Results and Discussion: MMCD Altosid control assessment methods may not reflect the I total level of control achieved. Altosid may produce varying levels of larval mortality up to pupation. MMCD control evaluations are limited to assessing pupal mortality rates. Altosid induced aberrations in adult mosquito morphology, physiology, fecundity and life I span are reported ( Busvine et al. 1976; Arias and Mulla 1975; Klowden pers. comm.). The implications of these post emergence phenomena on the overall control effect of Altosid have not been evaluated under MMCD conditions, hence they are excluded from treatment 1 mortality data. 150 day briquets (Altosid XR Briquets). Of the bioassays conducted less than 151 days 1 post treatment, 59% were at or above minimum acceptable control (90 %). 30 -day pellets (Altosid Pellets). Of the bioassays conducted less than 31 days post I treatment, 88% were at or above minimum acceptable control (90 %). 1 SUMMARY OF 1991 CONTROL MATERIALS Assays Performed & Control Achieved I Assays (N) Mean Median >90% Altosid XR Briquets 398 79% 97% 0.59 I Altosid 30 Day Pellets 82 94% 100% 0.88 Bti Corncob (G) 5 Ib /ac 512 70% 95% 0.58 • Bti Corncob (CG) 5 lb /ac 150 80% 99% 0.67 1 Bri Corncob (G) 7.5Ib /ac 230 86% 100% 0.80 Bti Corncob (CG) 7.51b /ac 144 85% 100% 0.74 Literature cited: I Arias, Jorge R. and g Mir S. Mulls, 1975. Morphogenetic aberrations induced by a juvenile 1 hormone analogue in the mosquito Culex tarsalis (Diptera:Culicidae). J. Med. Ent. 12(3):309 -316. I Busvine, James R., Yupha Rongsriyam, and David Bruno, 1976. Effects of some insect development inhibitors on mosquito larvae. Pestic. Sci. 7:153 -160. I Mulla, M.S., R.L. Norland, D.M. Fanara, H.A. Darwazeh and D.W. McKean, 1971. Control of chironomid midges in recreational lakes. 1 J. Econ EntomoL 64 :300 -307. f Atta chment #5 1 1 Feature Mythical 1 . ,tv I Control Lee Mitchell I Economics and science play impor- mosquitoes biting people in the yards. a zapper 14 hrs a day, in good weather 1 tant roles in every mosquito control Biologists are concerned about the and bad, from the time of the first mos - program. By virtue of common sense high number of non -pest insects such quito hatch in the spring until the end and public overview we utilize person- as beetles and moths that are attracted of November. I net, equipment and insecticides in an and killed by bug zappers. Some of Even though we attempt to mosquito efficient manner to guide our pro- these insects are beneficial as natural adulticiding with insecticides as grams. We wisely encourage citizen in- biological controls on other insect specific as possible in terms of flow put and participation in our communi- pests and others are important in the rates, droplet size and time of' applica- 1 ty activities. How then do we respond food chain. Some people will operate Continued on page 19 to requests and comments regarding , mosquito control methods that have lit-1 N ature w as a powerful opponent in tle scientific support? y . ° ::` P PP Naturalists often claim that bats, pur- - - ` ::mac;,.. those days, and not least among her ple martins and other insect - eating - = _ ; ;, .. a dangers were the hordes of insects that birds can adequately control mosquito ;; _ :; -{ plagued area residents. 1 populations. Homeowners purchase . z ;}. Campbell's bat tower was intended to , ° t combat mosquito swarms for the early electrocuting insect traps and elec- developers of Tbmple Terrace, who were tronic insect repellers by the _ = - " , attempting to transform the groves of y:-,:.",.. T'. "3 thousands. Industries advertise the in -; „ ` = Temple (of course) oranges into a posh sect repelling qualities of all- purpose �;. • ' ' : ; ' T , , ; -» surburban community. The Tower was lotions such as Skin -So -Soft® and the '- ° ° t ' ,: r� ' `� z ,,,� ,..� designed to house more than 1,000 bats, hybrid Citrosa plant. Your response to '- K am, , z , imported from Texas, who were each d' such inquiries may cost you either . . _ -�• , � ` <„ ; v supposed to devour some 3,000 mos- , public support or precious operating v, _ " quitoes per night. funds as you sink money into a losing - ''-. - F -o--"`. Despite a cavelike interior, nurseries 1 proposition. for baby bats, and ribbed hanging racks, zY .- " the bats never took to Campbell's tower. ELECTROCUTORS , µ- " r Instead they flew south, or wherever " _ s •`�. =~~- "' bats go, after being terrorized by local ' ' , . s °` - " teen- a gars- leaving the developers of light elec - The ultraviolet or black li ''` g _ , •x "� • �y�� y _4'� Teemple Terrace with a $10,000 failure trocutor traps, also known as '_ - � ' - -' " ,,k ,.4. " , ; ,. .; G•r (in 2624 dollars, mind you). Zappers ®, Bug Blasters® and Big N ; •: :. -- ^ -....,C.: ; v ; t ; 7 s Abandoned, the tower stood in a state 1 Wackers® are probably the most r_� : : Y r� f '::+;.• - = �::1. of disrepair until historic interest was p choice by homeowners for ,�,.: .::.; }.;..` 1.i. ; j1) . : .o' • '` revived in 1976, and plans were made mosquito control. One industry official Bat tower on Sugarloaf Ky in South Florida. Photo by the city to purchase the tower's land estimates that up to L75 million bug by Dauz Waumer and refurbish the strange landmark. zappers are sold annually in this tour- Fifteen thousand dollars was granted Nature, Man gang up to bring that year by the federal Department of try at upwards of WO eachThese traps down bat tower Housing and Urban Development to do attract and kill thousands of insects, restore the tower, but confusion over but often, as Gord Surgeoner and who owned the land delayed the pro - Blair Helson showed in Canada 15 by J. P. Faber, Staff Writer jest until a 1979 arsonist's fire that gut - years ago and Roger Nasci confirmed Precariously balanced on the muddy ted the structure put an end to the idea. in Indiana nearly a decade ago, mos - edge of the Hillsborough River just east quitoes comprise less than 5 percent of Tampa lie the ruins of a bizarre ex- (This article appeared in the July 11, 1981 of the catch. Of even greater impor- periment. Here, 57 years ago, Dr. issue of the Tampa Times. Reprinted tance was the finding that these Charles Campbell's 36 -foot bat tower here by permission of the Tampa devices did not reduce the number of failed to beat back the forces of nature. 'Tribune.) 18 WING BEATS, SUMMER 1992 - i Continued from poge 18 ty to release the fresh aromatic are also some attractants in the com- citronella oil. The Citrosa plant does mercially available product and that tion, many people still prefer the non- not bloom or reproduce naturally but the primary repellent component in discriminatory electrocutor traps and may be started with leaf cuttings. Skin - so-soft is better than DEET. The then blame the decline of favored Although there are numerous anec- mechanisms of how repellents work backyard songbirds on the use of dotes about the effectiveness of Citrosa are not know. pesticides. Dr. George Craig, Jr., of the there are no scientific studies that sup- Most of us are well aware that the University of Notre Dame goes so far port the idea that the Citrosa plant are public expects and in some cases even as to call bug zappers a "fraud on the effective repellents. The plant leaves demands that insecticides should be public." must be touched or disturbed to very specific in their action. It is release the citronella aroma. As a humorous to note that Skin - So-Soft can REPELLING DEVICES house plant the lemony fragrance is also be used for 31 purposes, including quite pleasing, although the plant will removing chewing gum from hair, The word fraud can also be used to spread and grow to a height of several skin, and most - non - porous surfaces; describe a variety of mosquito repell- feet if it is not pruned. Plants sell for cleaning ink from skin and most -non- ing devices. At least ten studies in the about $12 and is tender below 45F. porous surfaces; cleaning ink from past 15 years have unanimously de- The proprietary bath oil Skin -So-Soft skin and most vinyl and painted sur- nounced these devices as having no will repel mosquitoes in the lab but, faces; cleaning paint brushes; remov value whatsoever. Early versions of like citronella, it may or may not be ef- ing tar from car finishes without mosquito repelling devices use elec- fective on individual humans. The damaging paint and as a suntan oil. I tromagnetic energy while more recent same applies to Culicoides biting designs produce high frequency midges. In laboratory trial, Rutledge PURPLE MARTINS sound. Some of these devices are and coworkers estimated that Aedes capable of being "fine tuned" by the oegypti was about 30 times more sen- An appraisal of the benefits of utiliz- I purchaser, with instructions indicating sitive to the most commonly used in- ing purple martins and bats for mos- that the device can be adjusted until sect repellent DEET (N, N- diethyl -m- quito control offers fewer oppor- the correct frequency is found to repel toluamidej than to Skin - So-Soft. Jerry tunities for humor and may lead to ' mosquito pests. None of these devices Butler, however, has found that there Continued on poge 20 have proven effective in repelling mos- quitoes when evaluated scientifically. COIVIPLErf SPRAYSYSTEM: 23 5 There are many instances in which I I devices have been marketed that have little or no testing to support their ef - `the CCI is the perfect spray sys- raying herbicides ..pesticides ` = INC. ficacy claims. It may also be noted that Tor aquatic weed management and end other connives. Disler your ; ' in some of the product advertising, sgti�to conhP1. It lightweight and _ 15 Today Call us ton tre � O built in toy homeowners are urged to use these �y m akes it easy to ' - 346 - 7867 devices to rid their home of pests landIa - Thousands o1 these units are _� ' '4.. ` ' without the need to inhale "even one -Sits held pnwen! And you wont YA .- � statements play on public fears that in- I breath of .. another spray system w ith t - Q CHEMICAL ' F poisonous spray. S uch quality S, features and raid t DT �� ' price. °� CONTAINER s 5 i3ltrDSiDn rESiStarri �eei tor = � PO Box 1307 LAKE %kis. FL 33859 uv sec 4. ., es are harmful to humans and .� A . , s � ' (8131 s38 1407 • MX (813i 638 3182 = 1 should be avoided. ` � +� snn 34rr78tii N all's L girl 2 ' ` n W Shqjped V U � __ a� s CITROSA MOSQUITO FIGHTER® AND SKIN- SO e 4 � ; � , ; • The Citrosa "Mosquito Fighter" , ,r-- , H1a"dies plant and Avon's -- - Skin - So-Soft bath oil 45 1a !" , I are also marketed for their mosquito ' r _. , - { r epelling qualities. Citrosa was - " ° � ` ""�' ms s X '• genetically created by crossing - -t: . 1 .-, ' � - s t� ''.77,-, gen y re ted crossin t issue i ` ° • _ - - s i „ - --.1. �, --- cultures of an African geranium with A ' ° °± =" p �'� } the Grass of China. The grass contains �' Y : " � lax. } ` = = } citronella oil, which has been used for _ ' ' ` many years as the active ingredient 18' • Gun gredtent m _ 13rass.Vl�and i Nome mosquito repellent coils and candles. Also a►rallabie In 35, 50 and 100 gallon models The geranium gives the plant the abili TOTALLY PORTABLE! ORDER TODAY! .: . WING BEATS, SUMMER 1992 19 1 Continued from page 19 houses for insectivorous birds to be safe and effective. Although I specifically for the purpose of mos- ultraviolet electrocutor traps will at- quite heated debates. It has been quito control, we should build them tract and kill mosquitoes, they are often known for many years that purple mar- simply to attract these interesting birds misused and kill large numbers of' in-' tins consume large numbers of flying for their esthetic and educational nocuous insects. Vertebrate predators insects. Proponents of the value of pur- value. It is a mistake to promote the such as purple martins and bats will ple martins have often used the state- welfare of those wildlife species that ment by Wade that "a purple martin only seem beneficial to man in some I will eat 2,000 mosquitoes in a day :' He obvious way. . also stated that 10,000 to 14,000 mos- quitoes could be consumed per day BATS s 111 when mosquitoes are plentiful. All of Wade's values were non - scientific More recently some naturalists have ''= ; estimates based on his belief that mar- become interested in the welfare of = tins had an extremely rapid digestive bats and have noted the value of insec- I process and metabolism. He reasoned tivorous species in controlling mos- that an adult purple martin would have quito populations. They have subse- to consume its body weight each day quently recommended the construc- ' in flying insects in order to survive. tion of bat houses for the protection Thus, if an average adult martin and propagation of those species that weighted 4 oz., this would be the have been evicted from caves or human equivalent of 14,000 mosquitoes.Ac- residences. That such an idea is a new I tually, Wade's math was faulty because one may be quickly refuted by referr- ` he greatly overestimated the weights of ing to the literature. During the 1920's _ an individual mosquito and martin several large bat towers were con- s , I 1 and many more would have to be con- structed near San Antonio, Texas and f sumed to provide the necessary Key West and Tampa, Florida with the i uri& Martin with prufarrad pray. nutrition. intent of controlling malarial mos-, Wade did not analyze the stomach quitoes with high numbers of insect- consume mosquitoes and should be contents of martins but did recognize eating bats. Mosquito populations considered as part of an integrated that their diet included flies, were not reduced but the large ac- pest management program. A public dragonflies, beetles, moths, locusts and cumulations of guano was sold at a education program should accompany , other bugs in addition to mosquitoes. profit. the use of artificial cavity -type houses Unfortunately, many naturalists have The bats of temperate regions re- for the promotion of insectivorous bats failed to differentiate between Wade's main almost exclusively insectivorous. and purple martins. Predators can not 111 theories and scientific fact. As with martins, bat food consists totally replace source reduction and Exhaustive studies of the diet of pur- mainly of beetles, wasps, ants, flies, chemical control. Electronic mosquito ple martins by several ornithologist in- stoneflies, mayflies, moths and repellers have a dismal performance I dicate that while mosquitoes are a part grasshoppers. Mosquitoes make up record and should be vigorously of the diet they eat many more wasps, less than 1 percent of their diet discouraged. The Citrosa Mosquito ants, house flies, crane flies, stinkbugs, although the percentage may be higher Fighter plant has no proven merit and tree hoppers, beetles, butterflies, moths when mosquitoes are abundant. The research is needed to demonstrate any and dragonflies. Mosquitoes make up evidence from stomach analysis and mosquito repelling qualities that it may less than three percent of their diet. feces examination show that insec- possess. Personal protection from mos - After all it takes a lot of mosquitoes to tivorous bats do help regulate some in- quitoes is best gained by the proper use add up to one dragonfly. sect populations, both beneficial and of DEET and other topical repellents, Ornithologist James Hill is founder pest species — but not mosquitoes. including Skin -So -Soft. and director of the Purple Martin Con- However, bats are worthy of our pro - servation Association. He is especial- tection regardless of their ca acit or ;v. `'., '� N 4.1.4- 7 , -I , t. '; P y ..,, ..rt:; ry:,:,, ; , its , , ly anxious to dispel the longstanding proclivity to consume ...,4-!`...., ' Y P g g P Y pest or vector . , notion that a single martin eats populations of mosquitoes. � ;.��:� � ' 4,11„: notion thousands of mosquitoes in one day. 4-; ; ,. 1 According to Hill, "The number of SUMMARY r' �' �" c, ; ; , t., .;. rr mosquitoes that martins eat is extreme- , JX insignificant, and they certainly It is our responsibility to educate the r �119�7 /' ' a. . - Y ' ' g Y Y po tY . •fi r ;`' 7721'; Y , ` i . r ql . ly insi don't control them." Rather than erect public about mosquito control and 'to =; - r� `: : 4." _ , . 4 , r '` , + ' r s • ; ; ;' - ',r l martin houses and other cavitytype utilize those methods that are known 20 WING BEATS, SUMMER 1992 1111 . Attachment 16 1 1 CITIZEN BIBLIOGRAPHY 1 (Selected Citations) July 1992 1 I Environmental Health Criteria 92: Resmethrin; World Health Organization: Geneva, a , I Environmental Health Criteria 94: Permethrin; World Health Organization: Geneva, 1990. 1 Explaining Environmental Risk, Office of Toxic Substances, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency: Washington DC, 1986. 1 Faber, J. P. "Nature, Man Gang Up to Bring Down Bat Tower" Wing Beats Summer 1992, 3(2), 18. 1 Hayes, W. J. Jr. Pesticides Studies in Man; Williams & Wilkins: Baltimore, MD, 1982. 1 Hester, P. G., Rathburn, C. B. Jr, and Boike, A. H. Jr. "Scientific Methoprene on Non - Target Organisms When Applied as a Papers. Effects of Proceedings: Florida Anti - Mosquito Associatin 0, 51, 16-20. I Olkowski, H. "On the Research Front - Demonstrating Successful Common Sense Pest Control Quarterly Spring 1987, 111(2), 1 1- s 1 t - 1 Control;" I II.2. Olkowski, W. "Mosquitos: The Water Connection ;" Common Sense Pest Control Quarterly Spring 1987, 111(2), 1 -12. 1 • 1 1 HMHARDATAZAVECN[,ALIRSBIB 7.30.92 1 ttr il S TATE OF DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES 500 LAFAYETTE ROAD • ST. PAUL, MINNESOTA • 55155 -40 ' DNR INFORMATION (612) 296 -6157 3 August 1992 1 Ross Green I Metropolitan Mosquito Control District 2380 Wycliff Street St. Paul, Minnesota 55114 Dear Ross: 1 Thank you for the information which you recently sent to us II regarding municipalities which ban mosquito control activities. I would like to take this opportunity to correct some misunderstandings which appear on this list. First, DNR State Parks have not banned all chemical controls. As I you are aware, the Division of Parks and Recreation is presently examining the issue of mosquito control in the state parks within I the metropolitan area. However, no decision regarding control actions has been taken to date. This year the MMCD was permitted to treat the parks as had occurred in the past. I Additionally, there appears to be a mistake in listing myself as a contact person for state parks. Ecological Services Section does not have jurisdiction over state parks or management of these lands. Bill Morrissey is the Director of the Division of Parks and Recreation, and can be contacted at 296 -2270. There also is an omission in the listing of contacts for 1 information. As you know, Gary Montz, our Aquatic Invertebrate Biologist is our liaison and contact between the Department of I Natural Resources and the MMCD. He can be reached at 297 -4888. Finally, I do not think the listing for Massachusetts is appropriate as far as this issue is concerned. There is a wide I variation in climate, typography, and fauna, and it is not necessarily accurate to use different ecoregions to assess situations. II Sincerely, 04,, _A . OfrA.... I Lee Pfannmuller Chief, Ecological Services Section c: City of Chanhassen • RECEIVES. 1 Erik Rivkin M `; 1,-"' .22 C I y L; ...r .t 1r._.._ I AN EQUAL OPPORTUNITY EMPLOYER I 0B-03-92 1E:09 MMCD SCOTT CARVER DIV 12S P01 t 1 ' Tt• ..t i; 17575 Valley View Drive 1 ,------------7"-----7— Metropolitan Mosquito Jordan, Mn. 55352 Phone; (612) 492-3901 Control District — FAX: (612) 492-3226 FAX I . 1 TRANSMISSION evir,ri.v .v ,... r r 0 M. tronlrw rrV IVW 1011.1.~ .01...2./4•Wi To: 1 0 #4.1-7---------- , .i.... ...Jo V l■ - 11ATE - ANOTIM OF TFIRM4155Zir 2- 3-9a- J : /Q A it COO AN NA NINAIIEN I ,... 4IEK / 1 I a '"1 - • From: ■■•.........., NAME 1 ...tro..,1,_P j.k./ertted:SkliS_______ ------] ——-- Reference: 1 ,l, SuLitc, _ __ _ 6- ,4N-0-4‘0,sc-fA---- ________ 11•1•P I .•••■6 . ev. ,•••■•• ),rt..4rrosrrer en ei v.% orr, erwr.r.roor.rsynrrOw44r ror.v, ,,,,, INV”. •1•1.144,041 ffm;velII00;e:.,•"A N .A.. ' r ..........". s. s ....MessageL A.. - _ 1 ....■.■.....■............■■.. 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I COMPANY: 4'7G 1 ATTENTION: -, ' -G4/' Ge4",6-4-'Eif 5 ",6 /C 74/(Z FAX NUMBER: '7`, - 32„.7(_, II FROM: /2 7,/7) /• /,erci4/ /'2,r .e,1%.i :e -/ '.c/- / „. i Z, 1 Sending a total of 2 pages, including this cover page. If I you do not receive all pages, or are experiencing other problems in transmission, please call 937 -1900 and ask for operator assistance. 1 Thank you. ! .C-.-- •- /2,,1 r � /_ r:4« . t < if "CPC”- ��v4/!a �k� -. - `mac /L ��7.y'e - e` ,�'�<- -- �,�-�. - ��!� ,- 1 t 0 PRINTED ON RECYCLED PAPER 1 - .1 :Y • tit* S► 1 w '�' /�, 1 ' am ∎ n i iriaki ,,,,; s�.. n:2 ", " ": =� ` % - i� _ - 44 ` .,'".: -�'• + ice' /� M ~ 1 _. /r t[w! ' __ ' • I M '. r� �4 ��`i I : 1 ' e,t, Aeli--7 . --- ,Rjr:a., , Sf) . .. " ra %,77■4.,... s j , _ r te . •a -' _ �- ,--. . I rot , 4 - , -4 'ou . .. 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EMI 1 11 1 1 1 1 1 1 PACKET 2 1 I Report to the Park and Recreation Commission dated July 22, 1992, and resulting minutes of the July 28, 1992 Park and i Recreation Commission meeting 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i :V 1 CITYOF 1 6 90 COULTER DRIVE • P. O. BOX 147' CHANHASSEN, MINNESO 55317 ( 612) 937 -1900 • FAX (612) 937 -5739 1 MEMORANDUM TO: Park and Recreation Commission 1 FROM: 0 : 7 Todd Hoffman, Park and Recreation Coordinator I DATE: July 22, 1992 I SUBJ: Mosquito Control in Lake Ann and Lake Susan Parks I This item was reviewed by the commission on June 23, 1992. Official action taken that evening was to table this item for further review on July 28, 1992. On the evening of June 23, the commission heard from representatives of the Metropolitan Mosquito Control District (MMCD); I Eric Rivkin, resident of Chanhassen; Harold Trende, Carver County Commissioner; Al Klingelhutz, Carver County Commissioner; and other members of the audience. Information disseminated that evening was extensive, touching on many issues surrounding mosquito control I and the activities of the MMCD. It is important for the commission to understand that they have not been asked to judge all activities of the MMCD. The only conclusion that needs to be reached is whether mosquito control activities should be carried out in city parks. MMCD has I indicated, by designation on a city base map, that Lake Arm and Lake Susan Parks are the only two parks in Chanhassen in which they have carried out control activities. As such, discussion is centered on these locations. However, any recommendations made should be applicable to all 1 city park properties. NEV' INFORMATION I A myriad of additional publications and news articles relating to mosquito control were received at commission meeting on June 23, with more being received since that time. A news article 1 which appeared on the front page of the Star Tribune on Monday, July 13 is also attached for your review. For ease of review, this information has been arranged as follows: 1 General Mosquito Control and MMCD Information I 1. Metro Mosquito News, Summer 1992 2. MMCD Program Activities, 1992 3. Chronological Review of the Environmental Impact Research sponsored by the 1 MMCD, 1985 riv 1 4, PRINTED ON RECYCLED PAPER 1 Park and Recreation Commission 1 July 22, 1992 Page 2 1 4. Letter from Calvin Blanchard, Pesticide Registration Supervisor, MN Dept. of Agriculture, June 2, 1992 I 5. Letter from Lee Wood, Pesticide Registration Secretary, MN Dept. of Agriculture, June 23, 1992 6. MMCD Specifications for 150 gallons Permethrin 57% Oil Soluble Insecticide I 7. Letter from Raymond Thron, PhD, PE, Director of Environmental Health, Minnesota Department of Health, and attachments dated March 16, 1992. Other Attachments 1 1. "Mosquito Control District Stung by Critics ", Star Tribune, July 13, 1992 1 1. Letter from Eric Rivkin, 1695 Steller Court 2. Parks or Municipalities Restriction of Mosquito Control List dated June 22, 1992 3. "Letter to Editor ", Star Tribune, July 2, 1992 1 4. "A Natural Alternative Offered for Mosquito Control ", Georgetown Record, March 12, 1992 5. "Letter to Editor ", St. Paul Pioneer Press 6. "Minnesota's State Bird: More than a Pest ", Minnesota Suburban Newspapers, May 12, 1986 ' 7. "Metropolitan Mosquito Control District Agrees to Pay $1,000 for Improper Spraying at Lake Ann Park ", Chanhassen Villager, Thursday, March 19, 1992 8. "Why Should There be a Law to Prevent Unwanted Exposure to Mosquito Control I Pesticides ", Sierra Club, Northstar Chapter, Minnesota Herbicides Coalition, Minnesota Audubon Council, Isacc Walton League, Minnesota Division, Human Ecology Action League, March 2, 1991 I 9. "Mosquito District Admits to Spraying Near Lake, Bills Aimed to Change District's Operations ", Sailor Newspaper, March 25, 1992 10. "Clearing the Air: Facts About Mosquitos, Pesticides and Taxes ", The Isacc Walton I League of America, Northstar Chapter, Sierra Club, National Audubon Society, Minnesota Audubon Council 11. "Bats: Why Help Bats ? ", Bat Conservation International, P.O. Box 162603, Austin, Texas, 78716 -2603 12. "Pesticide Poisoning Surveillance Through Regional Poison Control Centers ", Debra K. Olson, RN, MPH; Lynn Sax, Paul Gunderson, PhD; and Leo Sioris, Fharm D, June 1991 I 13. Materials Safety Data Sheet for Exxon Aromatic 100 Containing Xylene Range Aromatic Hydrocarbons Used in Punt 57 -0S Insecticide, November 7, 1988. 14. "Toxicology and Environmental Fate of Synthetic Pyrethroids ", Journal of Pesticide 1 Reform, Fall, 1990 15. Average 80s Aedesvexans/Night + Rainfall 16. Letter from Sandra Ives, Board of Animal Health, State of Minnesota, dated June 30, 1992 1 1 1 Park and Recreation Commission July 22, 1992 Page 3 1 FAILURE TO NOTIFY CITY OF TREATMENT Over the past six to eight months, many discussions, in person and over the phone, with Ross Green and other employees of the MMCD have heightened the awareness of mosquito control concerns in Chanhassen. Throughout these discussions, a clear understanding by all parties as ' to the top priority before treatment was carried out was reached. This priority was that the City of Chanhassen through either myself or the Park and Recreation Department would be notified prior to any treatment being completed. This agreement was confirmed in Mr. Green's ' presentation to the commission on June 23 (page 29 of the June 23 minutes, 7th paragraph; and again on page 61, 11th and 13th paragraphs). During the week of July 13, 1992, the MMCD did treat Lake Ann Park with the chemical punt without notifying the city. In a phone conversation ' with Mr. Ernie Weimerskirchen, Scott and Carver County Supervisor, on July 20, 1992, Mr. Weimerskirchen stated that Mr. Ross Green, Public Information Coordinator for the MMCD had informed the Scott and Carver County crew that the aedes triseriatus mosquito level in Lake Ann 1 Park was high, and that treatment should occur. Mr. Weimerskirchen said that this treatment occurred on either June 13 or 14. I called Ross Green yesterday (July 21) to inquire whether his understanding of the failure of notification was the same as mine. Mr. Green stated that the 1 problem was internal, acknowledged that notification was not given to the city, and contrary to Mr. Weimerskirchen's statements, stated that as Information Officer he did not give direct authorization for treatment. Mr. Green also discussed the possibility that there may have been confusion in that this treatment was targeting the aedes triseriatus mosquito, not the nuisance mosquito; but he also confirmed that this is irrelevant as the treatment methods and chemicals used are the same in either case. RECOMMENDATION It is widely recognizable that the issues and information surrounding mosquito control are complex. However, there are no expectations being placed on the commission to become ' mosquito control "experts." Such expectations would be unreasonable. However, the Park and Recreation Commission is the governing body which makes recommendations to the City Council on all issues relating to the operations of the city parks. These recommendations include what capital improvements to pursue, specific ordinances and rules to be enacted, etc., and now whether mosquito control activities should take place in parks. I have elected to provide the commission a staff recommendation which provides options for the commission to choose from 1 or disregard in favor of a different recommendation. In Regard to Larval Control Briquettes Option 1: Eliminate their use. 1 Option 2: Allow their use to continue providing notification of the treatment areas and times are provided. 1 1 1 Park and Recreation Commission July 22, 1992 Page 4 In Regard to Adult Mosquito Control Chemicals (Cold Fogging) Option 1: Eliminate their use. 1 Option 2: Eliminate their use for a one year probationary period (the remainder of 1992 and 1993), re- evaluating the control program in the fall of 1993. Option 3: Allow their use to continue, providing notification of the treatment areas and times are provided. In Regard to the Landing, Take -off, and Loading of an MMCD Helicopter or the Mixing of High Volumes of Control Chemicals at Lake Ann Park or other City Parks It is recommended that this practice be prohibited. 1 ATTA CHMENTS As listed previously Copy of June 23, 1992, Report Entitled: "Presentations on Mosquito Control A. Eric Rivkin, Resident B. Ross Green, MMCD" 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Metro MOSQUITO News ' Vol. 3 No. 1 Metropolitan M i n r Di District Mosquito Control of st ct Summer, 1992 Who "They" Are And What "They" Do 'The Mosquito - Minnesota's State Bird" surface of water; others where the eggs will proclaim an array of T-shirts worn by some, no eventually be flooded, such as in the moist earth of doubt, itchy pe ople. In reality there is probably no shallow depressions, or in tree holes or their I place on earth you could live, from the tropics to the modern equivalents of discarded tin cans and tires. arctic, where you wouldn't have to deal with Some have many generations a year, others only mosquitoes. Across the globe, a few essential things one. Some fly for miles after emerging from the are true for all of them. They all need water - still, water, others only a matter of feet. Some prefer to I not flowing - for their eggs to hatch and larvae to bite only birds, others only reptiles or amphibians, develop. Only the females bite, and that blood meal others only certain mammals and others (believe it is necessary to produce eggs but flower nectar, not or not) only certain mammals noses. i your blood, is their primary Food source. In a sense, Though at times it may be hard to believe, not all I these are the things that make a mosquito a those different species live in your neighborhood. In mosquito. fact, only about 50 can be found in the metro area Well over 3,400 different species exist worldwide, and MMCD is concerned with only about 15 o! with more discovered every year. Each species lays those. Only the species that transmit disease or are 1 its eggs only in very specific locations: some on the significant human biters are targeted by MMCD. I Who We Are And What We Do MMCD was established by the State Legislature 1984. These biting gnats breed in flowing water. As in 1958 to control mosquitoes and that is still pollution in the metro area's streams and rivers has I our primary task. The emphasis of the program is slowly been cleaned up, the black fly populations on larval control, controlling mosquitoes before have been expanding. As with mosquitoes, control they fly from the water as adults. Two efforts are directed at the larvae in the water. Bti, environmentally safe biological control the same soil bacteria used against mosquitoes, is I materials are used for this. Methoprene is a used to control black flies. CD has spent a lot of mimic of a juvenile insect growth hormone. Its time and money in a DNR mandated study to presence in breeding site water, even in minute define any environmental impacts of this control. amounts, "confuses" the mosquito larvae and keeps MMCD was requested by the Le_gislature in 1989 I them from ever becoming adults. Bacillus to begin work on Lyme disease. Th first step was thuriengensis israelensis (Bti), is a naturally to determine the distribution across the metro area occurring soil bacteria that kills mosquito larvae of the deer tick that transmits this disease. MMCD when they feed on it. is now working with the University of Minnesota to I At the height of the mosquito season, MMCD also determine the local range and prevalence of the does some spraying for adults using permethrin disease causing bacteria carried by the tick. With and resmethrin which are related to an African this information the Minnesota Department of flower extract with insecticidal properties. Health will then be able to rank the Lyme disease MMCD was asked to control black flies in risk throughout the metro area. 1 And Something You Can Do Aeries triseriatus is the mosquito responsible for en gaged in the cleanup and disposal of waste tires. transmitting LaCrosse encephalitis, a serious Removing and properly disposing of any I viral disease in children. Old discarded tires, tin discarded tires, cans, and other artificial cans, and any other refuse capable of holding small breeding sites in your neighborhood, is an amounts of water, are major breedin sites of this effective way you can help limit the numbers mosquito. For that reason MMCD and the of this potentially dangerous mosquito. 1 Minnesota Pollution Control Agency are actively When You See Us In The Field.... As a government agency charged with controlling work with MMCD to determine when and where mosquitoes, MMCD has an obligation to do so as these treatments are appropriate. When possible efficiently, effectively, and safely as possible. they are timed to precede holidays, special events, Deciding how to use limited resources to best or community festivals. accomplish this is one of the most difficult aspects Permethrin is sprayed along the edges of woods of the fob. Available time, personnel, and funds are and other vegetation in the parks; under ideal' not sufficient to treat the nearly 60,000 metro area conditions its control effects can last up to 2 weeks. mosquito breeding sites every time it rains. Mosquitoes come into contact with it when they Therefore, to always insure optimal use of begin to move out of the vegetation. Notices are resources, we rank the mosquito productivity of posted at the entrances or along the perimeters breeding sites and treat the most productive ones while field personnel are working in a park. first. We also use a timed - release technology that Spraying in the parks is done with small back pack allows us to treat many of them only once a year or hand held units during the day. Early in the spring, field personnel apply After dark, resmethrin may be sprayed from, methoprene briquets to breeding sites of three truck mounted coldfoggers in areas around the acres or less. These briquets last all season, parks. It has no residual effects; the mosquitoes are releasing methoprene into the water whenever the killed only when they come into contact with the sites are wet. A site must be able to retain water resmethrin fog. Call 491-2850 anytime for' for a week or two after a rain to give the mosquito information detailing when and where this larvae enough time to develop once the eggs hatch. coldfog ix will be taking place. After heavy rains in the spring and summer, Black fly treatments are made throughout the helicopters treat breeding sites larger than 3 summer if stream and river levels remain high, acres. They spread ground up corncobs that have enough to produce larvae. To monitor this, field been coated with Bti. It must be reapplied soon personnel do extensive larval sampling in area after every rain of an inch or more, the amount of streams and rivers, making treatments with liquid rainfall needed to hatch another brood of eggs. Bti when necessary. They are also studying the Methoprene pellets are also being applied by effects of the treatments on nontarget organisms. helicopter this year on a trial basis. These pellets Quality assurance personnel monitor all these can be applied before the rain rather than only in operations. Through frequent field inspections, they the few days after it, which is an advantage. make sure that correct operational procedures are If large numbers of mosquitoes do emerge from followed and all materials are properly applied and breeding sites, limited spraying for mosquitoes are performing according to specifications. This flying in and around park and recreation helps guarantee the most efficient, cost effective, areas may take place. Park and recreation staffs and environmentally safe control possible. A Deer Tick/Lyme Disease Reminder Lyme disease is transmitted by deer ticks commonly found personal protection measures which are much smaller than the common wood are the best defense against Lyme disease. Wear tick. May to July is the peak of the deer tick season, long pants and tuck them into your socks or boots.' but they can be found into October. When out in the Apply an insect and tick repellant containing wooded and brushy areas where deer ticks are most permethrin to your clothes, not your skin. etro olitan Mosquito Control District Metro Mosquito News M P Q t e sq e s Bulk Rate Director Dr. Robert Sjogren 2380 Wyclif Street Aedes Program Manager Dr. Susan Palchick St. Paul, MN 55114 U.S. PAID age Editors: Dr. S. Palchick, P. Heller RECEIVED st. Paul, MN Aedes Operating Division Supervisors Permit No. 6809 Anoka Robert Idziorek JUL C' 7 199 Dakota James Stark No Hennepin/Western Scott Christy VD Vr ti.. IR ww.Dt11 So Hennepin Wayne Johnson Ramsey/Washington Marcus Peterson Scott/Carver E. Wermerskirchen Todd Hof f m a n Park and Recreation Director 690 Coulter Dr. P O Box 147 Program Leaders Chanhassen, MN 5531 7 Black Fly David Crews Cattail Scott Rants Lyme/LaCrosse Enceph. David Neitzel Program Development Nancy Read If you have any questions, or would like more information about what the District Quality Assurance Kelly Sharkey does, please feel free to call MMCD at 645 -9149. 1 111 :1•11 >r:.uI e1r1 Si :0 1 PROGRAM ACTIVITIES - 1992 . ' PROGRAM: Floodwater Aedes Mosgpito Control Summary: The floodwater Aedes mosquito control program suppresses long lived spring snow melt and rain ' Aedes species and the prominent summer pest mosquito, Aedes vexans, to reduce annoyance from these mosquitoes. Emphasis is on control of mosquito larvae. Localized adult mosquito control is conducted to reduce mosquito annoyance for public events on request. Western Equine Encephalitis mosquito, Culex tarsalis, levels and horse encephalitis cases are monitored to assess 1 disease transmission risk and need for control measures. Goals: 1. To rank and apply control treatments to mosquito breeding sites producing the greatest number of mosquitoes. 2. To conduct adult mosquito control treatments for public events upon request. To begin the exploration of target specific means of controlling adult mosquitoes, such as the use of 1 attractants to aggregate mosquitoes for localized control. Activity: ' Larval control will continue mainly with Altosid briquets and Bti granules. Evaluations of more cost effective formulations will continue including Altosid liquid, Altosid pellets, Altosid sand granules. Adult control will use permethrin and resmethrin products. 1 The Aedes program will operate similar to 1991. There will be continued emphasis on achieving larval control on the most productive sites in the MMCD, (i.e. reach the borders with larval control). This requires improved control strategies and associated data bases to achieve the greatest possible control of Aedes mosquitoes in the metropolitan region. Approaches being considered include: • Use of higher thresholds in the core area or higher thresholds in the core and even higher in the outer area. We need to develop a dynamic system for establishing treatment thresholds throughout the season to reflect changes in site characteristics. • Reduce the total area of the sites being treated. If the lowest portion of a mosquito breeding site 1 does not breed up to the threshold level, then there is no reason to treat the portion of the site which is not breeding. Investigations will begin on low tech ways to use adult mosquito attractant principles in the field ' program operations. Work is continuing on the geographical information system to integrate mosquito and breeding site data from District records with cartographic data available for wetlands and other areas. . 1 PROGRAM: Cattail Mosquito Summary: The Cattail Program controls the District's most aggressive biting mosquito Coquillettida ' pernvbans, which develops in cattail marshes throughout the District Coq. perturbans mosquitoes develop over a twelve month period and become adult mosquitoes during the months of June and July. Goals: 1. To provide control of the most productive breeding sites areas near population centers, due to ' the 3 -5 mile flight range of the mosquito. 2. To evaluate alternative control formulations are underway to determine the most cost effective approach. 1 1 1 3. To continue water level management studies to assess the impact of the 1987 -89 drought and draw down and of habitat return for this species. 1 Activity: Returning water levels in marshes throughout the metro region increased the breeding grounds for this mosquito in 1991. The program inspects all potential cattail breeding sites in the area served by the Aedes program and treats sites supporting significant larval populations of Coq. perturbans mosquitoes. Crews inspect possible cattail marshes from mid - August to the end of November. Control applications are made from mid - February through May to sites found breeding in surveys the previous Fall. During the summer months (June - August), the program monitors efficacy of 111 treatments and Coq. perturbans populations within the District. PROGRAM: LaCrosse Encephalitis Ptayentintt Summary: The LaCrosse Encephalitis Prevention Program is directed at reducing the number of human cases of LaCrosse encephalitis within the District. Goals: 1 1. To rank the relative risk of LaCrosse encephalitis across the District. 2. To achieve effective control of the LaCrosse vector Aedes tiseriatus, through public information and removal of breeding sites. 3. To conduct an effective Aedes albopictus (tiger mosquito) surveillance program. Activity: The program will continue to assess the risk of LaCrosse encephalitis by sampling wooded areas across the District with a focused concentration in southern Hennepin County. All past LaCrosse encephalitis case location areas will continue to be monitored. 1 An extensive public education program, designed to lower disease risk by increasing public awareness to the disease and its prevention, will continue to be emphasized. The program will continue to work closely with the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency to g Y stimulate clean-up of waste tire piles found in the District. Waste tire piles provide breeding areas for both Ae.rriseriatus and Ae. albopictus. 1 Surveillance for the Asian tiger mosquito (Ae. albopictus) will continue, as will efforts to make sure the mosquito has been eliminated at the Scott County tire site (Savage) where they were found in 1991. This was the first record of Ae. albopictus in Minnesota. PROGRAM: Lyme Tick Surveillance Summary: The Lyme Tick Surveillance Program conducts field monitoring work to determine the distribution of the deer tick and the bacterial causal agent of Lyme disease within the seven county metropolitan area. 1 Goals: 1. To map the distribution and relative abundance of deer ticks (Izodes datum ru) within the District 2. To map the distribution of the disease agent (Borrelia burgdorfert) within the District. 3. To document changes in deer tick and Borrelia distribution. 1 1 1 I Activity: In 1992 the program will continue to determine the range and any changes in distribution of deer ticks in the District. As in 1990 and 1991, field work will include a survey of deer ticks' small 1 mammal hosts (white - footed mice). The program may conduct limited drag cloth sampling (to catch host - seeking deer ticks), and examine road -killed mammals for deer ticks. The program will also continue to investigate the distribution and prevalence of the Lyme disease I agent (Borrelia burgdmfen). All nymph and adult deer ticks collected will be analyzed for the spirochetes. In addition, the program will be making arrangements to test many of the mice collected for the spirochetes. 1 ROflRAM: Black FLv Program Summary: The black fly or biting gnat control program suppresses biting gnats which develop in rivers and 1 streams around the metro area. Monitoring and treatment of stretches of the rivers with the selective control material Bti, an EPA registered soil bacteria. Intensive environmental impact studies compose half of the cost of the program. 1 Goals: 1. To monitor larval and adult biting gnat species in and adjacent to the metro area. To correlate I immature population thresholds which reflect the need for control treatments. 2. To control biting gnat species that breed in small streams in the spring. To control repeated gnats broods which develop every 10 to 14 days in large rivers in the metro area from May through September. I 3. To complete the 5th year of environmental impact studies in the Mississippi River, and the third year of studies to determine the treatment effects of Bti on secondary insect production. A study of the toxicity of Bti to mussels has been contracted with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 1 Activity: In 1990 a three year small stream plan was developed in collaboration with the MDNR. This plan 1 is detailed in the 1990 permit. Bti treatments will be made for control of Simulium verutstum during April and early May. Breeding site survey work will be done in March and ApriL I In 1990, a three year plan for the large river non- target studies was developed with the MDNR. This plan is detailed in the 1990 permit application. Bti will be applied to the known breeding sites on the large rivers as needed in 1992. The larval treatment thresholds that were established a priori in 1990 will be reviewed this winter and revised if ne cessary. The third and final year of the three I year expanded non - target impact study on the Mississippi River will continue in 1992. The operational feasibility of spot treating snag and grassy habitats on the Minnesota River will be I evaluated using reduced Bti dosages. A operational boat - based slurry system for applying Bti in the Minnesota River will be developed to achieve better Bti mixing with the river to Improve downstream carry and control. I PROGRAM: Quality Assurance Summary: The Quality Assurance Program establishes standards, tolerances of quality and monitors the I quality of field control applications in the Aedes, Cattail, Black Fly, and LaCrosse -Lyme Programs. Goals: 1. To assess field control material and application effectiveness. 2. Monitor control materials for percentage of active ingredient at manufacture and after long term field exposure. _ 1 1 3. Develop QA methodology for the Cattail, Black Fly, and LaCrosse -Lyme programs. 4. To coordinate the revision of section map standards and the review of section maps that are updated in the fall/winter. Activity: The program will continue to assess the effectiveness of field control materials and applications. This is achieved by training staff in QA principles, developing measurements of quality, establishing standards and tolerances of quality, and recommending methods to improve quality. 1 Methodology is developed for in -house measurement against standards and continuous improvement toward achieving program goals. To date, briquet and granule application quality measurements, standards, and tolerances have been developed 1 PROGRAM: Program Development Summary: The District is committed to data based decision making. Where published scientific literature does not exist, and information is needed to make operational decisions which have significant cost ramifications, Program Development staff conduct studies to obtain the prir.aar y research data to make field program decisions. Goals: 1. To provide basic information needed to improve the effectiveness of the Aedes control program. 2. To develop baseline information needed to associate public perception studies of mosquito annoyance with measurements of mosquito numbers. 3. To develop methods and tools to support operating division treatment decisions for specific , floodwater Aedes mosquito breeding sites. Activity: Improve understanding of factors contributing to mosquito annoyance (e.g., duration of exposure, time of day, number of days) to refine District goals. Work this year will begin small -scale interview or survey projects to test approaches, with concurrent mosquito sampling, and will continue in the following year as needed. Publication will be completed on previous related work. 1 Continue development of adult mosquito sampling methods that measure how well the District is meeting its goals. Evaluate trap designs, trap locations, and geostatistical analysis of trap results. 1 Finish biological modeling projects and present for review and Use to test possible control strategies (in conjunction with Director, Aedes Program Manager, Control Strategies Committee, and other staff). Determine information needs on environmental factors (temperature, rainfall, water depth) to support strategic decisions. Improve field larval forecasting model and update division staff on use. Discuss other decision support needs with field personnel for future work. Continue evaluation of larval and egg sampling methods and appropriate uses for sampling information. PROGRAM: Long -term StudiestSPRP 1 Summary: The Commission resolved to allocate the statutory amount of 2.5% of the District's annual budget to conduct studies to assess the environmental impact of control materials used by the MMCD. Since 1986, this work is directed by an independent Scientific Peer Review Panel of scientists, and conducted under external research contracts, assisted part time by an Administrator. 1 1 Goals: 1. To identify impacts of the District control program on invertebrate aquatic organisms via studies began in 1987. 1 Activity: The Scientific Peer Review Panel (SPRP) anticipates completing an interim report on the studies completed to date by late fall of 1992. This report will be forwarded to the Minnesota Environmental Quality Board for their review. Ongoing studies will be conducted as need for 1 same is determined by the SPRP. • PROGRAM: Administration ' Summary: The District administration serves the Commission by recommending program direction and suggesting policy alternatives. Once the Board sets program direction, administration works with each Program Leader to establish goals and annual objectives. Employee participation leading to group consensus is emphasized. Administrative role is that of inquiry to understand staff recommendations, reaching agreement on direction, and serving line staff by facilitating operating program to maximize program effectiveness. 1 Goals: 1. To provide Commission administrative support and follow through to accomplish the Board 1 policy and program objectives . 2. To identify and implement immediate and long range goals with staff program' leadership to achieve the program mission. 3. To provide logistic support to field staff responsible for accomplishing program goals. 4. To disseminate program information to the public through the media, public presentations and classroom presentations. 5. To maintain internal controls on financing procedures, integrate legislated Targeted Group Businesses purchasing requirements, and ensure that contractors have approved Affirmative Action programs. To continue focus on compliance with the Affirmative Action goals and related personnel matters. 1 Activity: With the increasing amount of information necessary to guide MMCD azY gu' operations, an on -line . management information system will provide timely information for decision making. The Data ' Processing Manager will work with staff to design a system to provide the information needed for cost effective operations. ' The Capital Improvement Plan will continue to be a major focus in 1992. Staff will provide necessary input during the construction of the new facilities. The major effort will involve completion of the headquarters facility by late 1992, the completion of the Anoka field headquarters, and project design and planning for construction of the Dakota field headquarters. 1 1 1 1 1 1 CHRONOLOGICAL REVIEW OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT RESEARCH SPONSORED BY THE METROPOLITAN MOSQUITO CONTROL DISTRICT (MMCD) 1985 1 May 1, 1985 ` The MMCD Technical Advisory Board (TAB) recommends to the MMCD Commission to: a) update the 1977 EIS; b) fund long -term research at $100 - 200,000 per year to determine the effects of the program on the aquatic food chain. August 1, 1985 - The MMCD Budget Committee recommended inclusion of $30,000 to update 1 the 1977 EIS, $150,000 for research on food chain impacts in 1986, and a commitment to conduct long term research at a level of $200,000 per year for up to five years. August 1, 1985 - Lawsuit and petition to Environmental Board filed ' Quality (EQB ) by environmental groups. September 13, 1985 - Environmental Quality Board Chair Triplett seeks the MMCD as a responsible governmental unit to prepare a Supplemental Environmental Impact statement (SEIS). 1 September 18, 1985 - At the request of the MMCD Chair, the MMCD negotiating team of Attorney Opperman, John Genereux, and Director Sjogren begin meetings with plaintiff 1 . attorney O'Neill to seek an out of court settlement to the lawsuit. It was resolved to establish a Technical Advisory Committee (later renamed Scientific Peer Review Panel - SPRP) of independent qualified technical authorities to address environmental concerns and permits environmental groups to appoint two representatives to the nine panel TAB (SPRP). September 19, 1985 - The MMCD Commission approves it 1986 budget to include $30,000 to update the 1977 EIS, and $150,000 for 1986 research on the impact of the program on the aquatic food chain. 1 September 30, 1985 - The MMCD D receives a _letter from the EQB naming the District as the responsible government unit to prepare the supplemental EIS. This then begins the process of requiring a EAW, Scoping Document, and SEIS to be completed. October 21, 1985 - Environmental Assessment Worksheet (EAW) is completed and distributed as per EQB requirements. November 22, 1985 - EAR' Public - Bearing is ,held and comments are received. 1 November 23 - December 20 1985 --MMCD staff - works to provide Genereux with the data and assists in developing responses to EAW:.comments needed in preparing scoping document. • 1 1 1 1 December 5, 1985 - The first SPRP meeting to review environmental concerns and discuss options for responses. MMCD staff is assigned to conduct literature searches and distribute pertinent literature to SPRP members for evaluation in their respective areas of expertise. 1 December 19, 1985 - The MMCD Commission approves $10,000 for SPRP expenses to obtain expert council in each area of environmental concern. p tam 1 December 23, 1985 - Scoping document is prepared and distributed as uired by EQB. Y B. Q I 1986 February 20, 1986 - Second SPRP meeting is held to discuss the validity of relevant literature 1 and focus on research methods which will be used to conduct field studies in areas of concern not adequately addressed by the literature. 1 February 27, 1986 - Annual meeting of the MMCD Technical Advisory Board (TAB) meets with two new members in attendance representing the plaintiff groups. I August 7, 1986 - The SPRP meets to review the preliminary draft and non - target sections of the SEIS. The SPRP also reviews the protocol options for the lab elements and field work to be done in the 1987 research. 1 September 18, 1986 - The MMCD Commission approves in its 1987 budget $200,000 to begin long -term research studies on the effects of the District program on non - target species. 1 October 10, 1986 - The SPRP meets to discuss the Draft SEIS and to determine which of the primary research needs to have the highest priority to accomplish within the $200,000 /year appropriation of research funds. The SPRP also begins to establish 1 research protocols to guide the administration of the field research contracts. The SPRP sets research questions for Draft SEIS. 1 November 1986 - Draft SEIS is distributed to representatives of environmental groups, state agencies, and other interested parties who submitted comments during the £coping process. 1 November 7, 1986 - SPRP meets to define laboratory v . ry s field research requirements; identifies key qualification criteria. 1 December 12, 1986 - Public hearing on the Draft SEIS is field at .the Hennepin County Government Center. 1 December 15, 1986 - Notices for Request for Qualifications (RF •tto into will identify interested help and research medial are mailed. The RF Q tify Potential bidders -and help define 1 Request for Proposals. - - 1 2 1 1 . 1987 January 12, 1987 - Deadline for written comments on the Draft SEIS. 1 January 12 -20, 1987 - Proposal Committee of the SPRP reviews RFQ's. January 22, 1987 - SPRP meets to review qualifications submitted. , January 26, 1987 - Comment period on Draft SEIS ends. 1 February 18, 1987 - MM CD mails Request for Proposals for 1987 Laboratory and Field Studies to prospective bidders. 1 March 12, 1987 - Annual Meeting of the MMCD's Technical Advisory Board where a update on long -term studies is discussed with TAB members. 1 March 25, 1987 - Deadline for Request for Proposals for research proposals. April 6, 1987 - A five member selection committee of the SPRP meets and awards contractors to begin 1987 Laboratory and Field studies. The five contractors are: Laboratory Research Contracts: 1 1. University of Wisconsin- Superior; Larry Brooke (Principal Investigator) - Research on the impacts of mosquito control materials on zooplankton (Daphnia pulex). - Research on the exposure of control materials on frog and frog embryo-larval. - Exposure to targeted and non - targeted species. 111 - Crayfish feeding study on chemically digested mosquito larvae. Contract - (1987 -1988) $24,648 2. University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, (Canada); Claude Fortin (Principal , Investigator) - Research with Altosid briquet (Methoprene) on effects on two zooplankton species; the cladoceran (Daphnia pulex), the copepod (Diaptomus sp.), and the amphipod (Hyalella azteca) Contract - (1987 -1988) $26,363 3. University of Quebec - Trois - Rivieres, Quebec Canada ; Raymond Investigators) ( ), ym LeClair (Principal - Research on -complex feeding studies with three species of *mphibians, the Leopard frog (Rana pipiens), American Toad (Bufo .americanus) and Chorus frog (Rana pseudacris). Contract - (1987 -1989) $6,886 1 1 3 1 1 1 • The goals for the laboratory tests include the following: A. Measurements of chronic toxicity of methoprene briquet to specific non- target, 1 aquatic amphibians and invertebrates including • dose - response studies • effects on life stages 1 • effects on reproduction B. Measurements of chronic toxicity of methoprene briquet to specific non - target 1 aquatic invertebrates using methoprene formulations used by the MMCD. C. Measurements of acute toxicity of Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis to specific non - target animals. Field Research Contracts 4. University of Minnesota- Duluth; Natural Resource Research Institute (NRRI) Gerald Neimi (Principal Investigator) - Red Wing Blackbird study /census on site treated and not treated in Wright County - Effects of zooplankton on sites treated with Altosid briquets (methoprene) and Bti ' - Three years of data on sites which have not received any mosquito control treatments; samples for determining baseline effect have been developed so that when control materials are applied they will be able to determine if there is ' an impact. - In 1991, treatment began on the 2/3 of the sites which have been under study. One -third of the site received Bti corn cob, another one third received Altosid 20 day sand treatment, and the final one third received no treatment and is set- up as a control site. In 1992, treatment will continue in this pattern, with continuous research on all of the sites. - Divided pond studies on the effects of mosquito control materials on zooplankton methoprene ( Altosid) analysis from field waters taken from sites; methods refinement in determining the presence in parts per billion - ' Contracts (1987 -1993) $886,283 5. University of Minnesota - St. Paul, MN; James Cooper (Principal Investigator) - A study using ducklings on divided ponds with segregate mothers to determine if there is an effect on duckling growth. Divided ponds used a double blind methoprene ( Altosid) treatment A final published report is still pending. Contract (1987 -1991) $68,703 Summer of 1987 - Field research projects begin despite a the drought which lasts into 1988. ' September 17, 1987 - The MMCD Commission approves in its 1988 budget $200,000 to continue year two of long -term research studies. 1 4 1 December 10, - The MMCD submits the Final SEIS to the EQB. SEIS is disc ibyted to representatives of environmental groups, state agencies, local libraries, and other interested parties who submitted comments during the writing process. 1 December 10 -11, 1987 - The SPRP meets to review the research plan and progress developed from the 1987 research. Individual contractors give presentations on research that has been completed. 1988 1 January 8, 1988 - RFP's for additional research on birds is issued and mailed to prospective bidders. 1 February 27, 1989 - The SPRP meets for discussion of 1987 results, and basic decisions for 1988: A contract is awarded to begin a new bird study in 1988. MN; 1 6. Cbfege of St. Thomas - St. Paul, MT, Michael DeJong (Principal Investigator) - A bird census study conducted in the metropolitan area to see if the control materials used by the District impact the populations of songbirds in selected wetlands. The study used both treated and untreated sites. Contract (1988 - 1989) $45,665 In 1988, there are three contractors doing research g (NRRI, Cooper, DeJong). March 2, 1988 - Annual meeting of the MMCD's Technical Advisory Board where a update 1 on long -term studies is discussed with TAB members. September 198$ - The MMCD Commission approves annual support for external research on non- targtt organisms, and that this support should be 2.5% of the District's annual budget. This allows the research to continue beyond the 5 year, $1,000,000 cap originally set by the MMCD commission. 1 The M.M CD Commission approves in its 1989 budget $214,000 to continue the long- term research studies. , December 8 -9, 1988 - The SPRP meets to discuss the research completed by the three field contractors (NRRI, Cooper, DeJJong). These contractors continue work into the 1989 season. • 1989 1 January 1989 - Dr. Richard Anderson - Acting Chair for the SPRP prepares a draft summyy on the 1987 laboratory studies completed to date. 1 February 14, 1989 - Annual meeting of the.MMcD's Technical Advisory Board where a update on long -term studies is -discussed with TAB members. 1 5 1 1 1 September 1989 - The MMCD Commission approves $250,000 for long -term studies research in 1990. 1990 January 29 -30, 1990 - The SPRP meet to discuss additional research for 1990. The NRRI continues working on field and lab research. Dr. Cooper is instructed to publish his duckling study work, and is funded for this project. 1 February 13, 1990 - Annual meeting of the 1∎1M 's Technical Adviso ry Board-where a update on long -term studies is discussed with TAB members. 1 October 1990 - The MMCD Commission approves $250,000 for long-term studies research in 1991. 1 October 30, 1990 - A joint meeting between the Scientific Peer Review Panel (SPRP) and the Technical Advisory Board (TAB) meet to discuss what the research to date has produced.. Presentations from long-term studies contractors, as well as outside research from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife service. ' December 14, 1990 - The SPRP meets to discuss the 1990 NRRI research. The SPRP discusses the NRRI research, makes recommendations and direction for the research. The SPRP funds the NRRI to continue research into 1991. 1991 March 7, 1991 - Annual meeting of the M MOD's Technical Advisory Board where a update on long -term studies is discussed with TAB members. November 20, 1991 - The MMCD Commission approves $248,000 for long -term studies research in 1992. ' 1992 January 25, 1992 - The SPRP meets to discuss the field work complete from NRRI research 1 in 1991. The SPRP discusses the NRRI research, makes recommendations and direction for the research. The SPRP funds the NRRI to continue research into 1992. 1 It was also resolved that the SPRP will produce a interim report on the research completed to date. This report would we written by the authors of the SETS (Genereux) and is expected to be completed in Late Fall of 1992. This report would be review by SPRP members before distribution. It was also discuss the ssibili of the po ry SPRP look into the effects of the District . Mniticiding program. 1 1 6 1 . . 1 March 6, 1992 - Annual meeting of the MMCD's Technical Advisory Board where a update on long -term studies is discussed with TAB members. It was also recommended that the SPRP and the TAB meet again to be receive a update. ' SCIENTIFIC PEER REVIEW PANEL MEMBERS 1 •Dr. Richard Anderson - Research Entomologist, U.S. Environmental Research Laboratory, United States Environmental Protection Agency - Duluth, MN 1 • Dr. Judy Helgen - Minnesota Pollution Control Agency, St. Paul • Dr. Stuart Hurlburt - Department of Biology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA , • Dr. Roger Moon - Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 1 • Dr. Robert Naiman - Center for Streamside Studies, University of Washington, Seattle, WA • Dr. William Schmid - Department of Ecology and Behavioral Biology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN • Dr. Ken Simmons - Entomology, Division of Fisheries and Wildlife, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA • Dr. Keith Solomon - Associate Director, Education; Canadian Centre for Toxicology, 1 , Guelph, Ontario • Dr. Harrison Tordoff - Department of Ecology and Behavioral Biology, University of 1 Minnesota, Minneapolis • Dr. Michael Zicus - Waterfowl Research Group, Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, , Bemidji, MN 1 1 1 r 1 1 1 1 . :.- ;— 1 Minnesota Department of Agriculture P g 1 (612) 297 -2530 1 June 2, 1992 1 Metropolitan Mosquito Control District ^: ' ,,.. 2380 Wycliff Street .�°�' < ` -c. St. Paul, MN 55114 1 � _ „ .• 1, C y' - 1 Attn: John Thompson c;' ;; \r . 1 Dear Mr. Thompson: I am writing in response to Susan Palchick's letter of April 6, 1992 and your letter of May I 27, 1992. I contacted Howard Krosch of the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources concerning their part in the issues involved. I understand they have no objections to your interpretation. 1 I reviewed both the Scourge, EPA Reg. No. 432 -716, and Punt 57 -OS, EPA Reg. No. 42737 -1, labels. I have determined your intended use is consistent with label use directions. 1 If you have any additional questions or concerns, please feel free to contact me. I Sincer 0 1 Calvin E. Blanchard Pesticide Registration Supervisor I Agronomy Services Division CEB:lw 1 cc: Mike Fresvik, MDA Heidi Fisher, MDA Howard Krosch, DNR I • 90 West Plato Boulevard • Saint Paul, Minnesota 55107 -2094 • (612) 297 -2200 • Fax (612) 297 -5522 • 1 M - reCoremlry employer • er 1 ` •• • METROPOLITAN MOSQUITO CONTROL DISTRICT 111` 2 E O \',`YCLIFF STREET F ST. PAUL. L:INUESO l A 55114 i 612.545- C� FAX 612 -04. ; _ R.D. SJOGREN, Ph.D. W.J. CAESAR DireGjaj y 27, 1992 Business Admin. • Cal BIanchard Agronomy Services Division Minnesota Department of Agriculture 90 W. Plato Blvd. St. Paul, MN 55107 1 Dear Cal: I am re- submitting Susan Palchicks's letter of April 6, 1992 as the official 1 MMCD interpretation of label instructions for the use of Scourge and Punt in adult mosquito control operations. , Thanks Sincerely, John Thompson 1 Data Processing Mgr. cc: R.D. Sjogren, Susan Palchick • 1 1 1 1 1 AFFIRMATIVE ACTION EMPLOYER ' METROPOLITAN MOSQUITO CONTROL DISTRICT f ; 23c "D \1'YCLIFF STREET r ST. PAUL, MINNESOTA 55114 1 612 - 645 -5149 FAX 612-645-3245 R.D SJOGREN, Ph.D. W.J. CAESAR Director Business Admin. Cal Blanchard May 27, 1992 Agronomy Services Division ' Minnesota Department of Agriculture 90 W. Plato Blvd. St. Paul, MN 55107 1 Dear Cal: ' Thank you again for attending our training session in February. Your expertise was quite helpful in sorting out the issues concerning the use of the adult mosquito control materials Scourges Insecticide with SBP- 1382/Piperonyl butoxide 4% + 12% (EPA Reg. No. 432- ' 716) and PUNT 57 -OS' (EPA Reg. No. 42737 -1). Based on the information presented we have compiled our understanding of some of the label wording. As we have discussed, the District uses PUNT' (permethrin) to treat adult mosquitoes in known daytime resting or harborage areas. The District applies PUNT" as a barrier treatment to the vegetation on the perimeter of these daytime resting areas. Harborage areas are generally defined as wooded areas with good ground cover to provide a shaded, moist area for the mosquito to rest during the daylight areas, but may include other vegetation that provides the same refuge for mosquitoes. 1 SCOURGE` (resmethrin) is used by the District to treat adult mosquitoes in known areas of concentration or nuisance. It is applied from truck mounted Ultra Low Volume (ULV) machines which produce a fog which contacts the mosquitoes when they are flying. ULV 1 applications are done either in early morning or at dusk and into the evening when mosquitoes become more active. ' SCOURGE* LABEL WORDING: Under Environmental hazards, the label states "Do not apply to lakes, streams, or ponds." Under Ultra Low Volume Applications, it states "Spray ' .. swamps, tidal marshes, residential areas...Avoid direct application over lakes, ponds and streams." MMCD INTERPRETATION: MMCD interprets lakes and streams" to be the same as "fish bearing waters" on other labels. We follow the interpretation of the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources in that a fish bearing water is defined as having gamefish or panfish. This definition of "fish bearing water" was developed through joint discussions of the MDNR with the Department of Agriculture and Division of Fisheries. ' A "swamp" would be a body of temporary water including those failing under our wetland classification types 1, 2, 3, 4.1, and 4.2 (illustration and definition enclosed). A "pond" would be a permanent water site and would include those falling under our wetland 1 _ - 111 AFFIRMATIVE ACTION EMPLOYER classifications type 4.3, 4.4, and 5. MMCD would therefore not apply SCOURGE to any fish bearing waters and would avoid direct application over fish bearing waters as well as any permanent water sites where the open water might be impacted by treatment. As there is no distance restriction to stay away from bodies of water, MMCD interprets the label to say that if the wind is blowing towards the east yet there is a wetland on the west, then the spray can be directed towards the east if there are no lakes, ponds or streams to the east. LABEL WORDING: Under precautionary statements it says, Avoid breathing vapor or spray mist. Avoid contact with skin, eyes, or clothing. MMCD INTERPRETATION: It is our understanding that this precaution is primarily intended for the applicator's safety, however we have taken the following additional precautions. The spray apparatus is turned off when pedestrians or other people are outside and visible. They are restarted when out of the reach of direct application to pedestrians or other people. Fogging is only done when recommended wind is present (2- 8 mph) so the material moves through the treatment area appropriately. PUNT"' LABEL WORDING: Under Environmental hazards, the PUNT'" label states 'Do not apply to any body of water or wetlands ( swamps, bogs, marshes and potholes)? Under Where to Use it states "Under no conditions should open water be treated with this , product. Not to be used within 100 ft. of lakes and streams." MMCD INTERPRETATION: Again, MMCD interprets the definition of "lakes and ) streams" to be fish bearing waters. PUNT'" is applied to the foliage, usually as a barrier treatment. We have extended the 100 ft. barrier to 150 ft. to ensure compliance with the label. We assume that we can treat the vegetation within 100 ft (150 with our increased barrier) of wetlands, other than lakes and streams, as long as the wetland itself is not treated. The PUNT'" label describes use with "ULV portable backpack equipment ... to deliver 1 ULV particles of 50 to 100 microns mass median diameter" and use with "truck mounted non - thermal ULV equipment ... to deliver spray particles of 8 to 20 microns mass median diameter." We have a hand held ULV machine that delivers particles of true ULV size (90% of particles are less than 15 microns); we assume that this can be used with the PUNT'. 1 These are the understandings with which we are going into the 1992 field season. Adult mosquito control operations begin in the last week of May please let us know as soon as possible if our interpretations are incorrect. Thank you. Sincerely, , 1 Susan Palchick, Ph.D. Aedes Program Manager - ' TO 5'453246 P.61 1 y � 411• ii�IT = T , 1 1 " 7", ) ' Minnesota • ota Department of Agriculture 1 (612) 297 -7083 1 Post-It's brand fax transmittal memo 7671 if of paps • co. I �n'1 D co. YhAA Tune 23, 1992 DeDt' Phone N a /,- 1" "" c S j� ri Fat /' /7 °ii.�ia,1FLT..'$ � i-' ?.iS�$� ..:'Y. "l-- ?r�•�wN:.i�+t c�1LS,�g � -��,,;,� s . 1 Metropolitan Mosquito Control District 2380 Wycliff Street St. Paul, MN 55114 1 Attn: Dan Renick 1 Dear Mr. Renick: This letter is to inform you that the 2 products from the Vectec company, Punt 57-0S 1 Insecticide, EPA Reg. No. 42737 -I, and Oblique with SBP- 13$2IPBO 1.5% + 4.S% Formula II, EPA Reg. No. 432 - 719 - 42737, are registered for use in Minnesota for the calendar year 1992. If I can be of further service, please do not hesitate to call me. • Sincerely, • 1 Lee A. wood Pesticide Registration Secretary ' • Agronomy Services Division law 1 1 _ • vo Wcst Plato tinu1evant • Saint Pant. Minn„ry,, 55107.2094 • W212971200 • An .ou•1 wue11/11V w.weu•s• .------- 7 B 1 1 METROPOLITAN . 11 - : -r•"'l! =K, • IL DISTRICT 1 SPECIFICATIONS FOR 150 GALL &NS PERMETHRIN S7% OIL SOLUB • INSECTICIDE 1 1. INVITATION FOR B I . - A T .KdS will be received at the office of the Metropolitan I Mosquito Control District 2380 Wycliff Street, St. Paul, MN. 55114 until: 2 :00 P.M. Monday March 23, 1992 1 for the furnishing of 150 gallons of Punt 57 -OS, Permethrin Oil Soluble Insecticide or equivalent. 2. SPECIFICATIONS ANT REQUIREMENTS: .1 A. Insecticide must have been freshly formulated in 1992 or certified as to label potency. B. The material to be bid must be labeled to be mixed at a ratio of 1 part Permethrin 1 57% to 9 parts solvent. Solvent is mixture of 1 part soybean oil with 2 parts non - phytotoxic mineral oil. The mixed material is to be applied with a backpack mister at a rate of 0.1 pounds active ingredient per acre. 11) C. Product must be delivered in 5 thirty (30) gallon drums of a type known to protect :ainst product deterioration. 1 D. '- material MUST have a current Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) •'stration for the product. A EPA Approved label must be included in the bid. 1 d e containers must be labeled in accordance with the requirements of the State of linnesota Pesticide Control Law of 1976, Section 1SA.22 and products registered with I the State of Minnesota Department of Agriculture. It is the responsibility of the bidder to see that the material being bid is registered for I sale in 1992 with the State of Minnesota. Registration must be obtained by the Minnesota Department of Agriculture. Failure of the bidder to register the material with the MN Department of Agriculture may 'result in rejection of the bid 1 F. Copies of the product label, material safety data sheets, and technical information shall accompany the bid. 1 G. The District will be able to reorder at the bid prices quoted. The District may reorder the material in minimum quantities of 30 gallons up to October 1, 1992. 1 1 1 1 3. IN • T INGREDIENTS: The District's intent is not to purchase any material which ontains any of the inert ingredients listed by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as "Inerts of Toxicological Concern Inerts/High Priority for Testing" (List 1), or "Potentially Toxic label, as required by law. Complete listings f both List 1 st or e 2 m a n y be obtained Product the Federal Register, Volume 54, No.224, Wednesday, November 22, 1989, pages 48314 1 48316. 4. DELIVERY: Product to be delivered between April 13 - May 1, 1992. Delivery will be made upon telephone notice to: Metropolitan Mosquito Control District Dakota County Division 22.40 152nd Street East, Building 101 -B Rosemount, Minnesota 55068. 1 The vendor is to call the District main office (612 -645 -9149 ) 24 ho 6:30 A.M. b l 30 P.M. Deliveries will only be accepted Monday through Friday 6 1 The vendor is res ponsible for the shipment of the product, and assumes all liability and cost in shipment to the District. 1 5. HUMAN RIGHTS COMPLIANCE: A. In accordance with Minnesota Statute 473.144, NO BIDS WILL BE ACCEPTED 1 WITHOUT THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION: YOU MUST HAVE one of the following four (4) items to be submitted to the Metropolitan ' Mosquito Control District with your bid proposal if the bid proposal is over $ 50,000.00, before the bid can be accepted: 1 1. If the bidder employs or has employed more than 20 full-time in Minnesota within the last calendar year, the bidder must submit a copy of their certificate of compliance, issued by the Minnesota Department of Human Rights, with their bid. 1 Certificates of Compliance p ce are issued to businesses who have an Affirmative Action Plan approved by the Commissioner of the Minnesota Department of Human Rights 1 for the employment of minorities, women and disabled individuals. 2. If a person does not employ more than 20 full -time employees in Minnesota they must 1 submit a signed notarize statement attesting to that fact. 3. A waiver issued by the Department of Human Rights. 1 4. If your total bid price for 150 allons P g ermcthnn 57% is less than $50,000.00, place a statement in the outside envelope that requirements of compliance do not 1 aPPIY- 1 1 •- : w H. R. McI , INC '_= = r10 Red Road, sure2os -ir, Miami, Florida 33143 - Phone S FAX - 305 651 17D6 - ChernIJJ Co uhgrrts in EPA a ut at ay Affairs A - " = New FLFRA nea r -br s - Product Suppu t• Registrklon Mafi►ensr= I. Parch 23, 1992 ' • Metropolitan Mosquito Control District I Dakota County Division 2240 152nd Street East, Bulling 101 -B - Rosemount, Ninnestoa 55066 Subject: 2 f CD BID REQUIREMENTS FOR "PUNT 57 OS" Re: FZFRA /EPA PR NOTICE 90 -1 } AY 1, 1990. . INERTS OF.TOXICOIAGICAL CONCERN To Whom It May Concern: 1 • Please be'advised that we Certify the EPA registered product. 4ECTEC IPQNT 57 OD .... IDEA-Reg.-No.-42737-1 1 .does rot -contain env of the Inerts of Toxicological Concern 11 which epaeared in.List No. 1 or•Iist No. 2 tubliahed In the Federal Resister. Volune 54, No. 224. - Wednesday November 22, 1969, paces 48314 - 48316. For -Cain season +►PUNT S7 - JOSu4sas ;.affirmative .00ntormati 1 to all ='equiz'enents that .may ,a aanforoed by :PR 3jotioe so -1 and the cbamical :foraulation .1as ,esn ?►CCEPTED by EPA for all I . registered -usas 4ae utay be asat lforth dby'ba Tederal Snaeotialde, Tuagicide . and -> odentioide Aot, max Amended. I?zrAm • PUNT 57 OS -may - therefore z.he messed ,3avfulty as vdireoted within the 2PA -ACCEPTED . labeling. Sincerely. 1 X. fit. LANE, =N - - - . Vii.' :. ;cLane, vikuthorited Agent for - _ . . r. ea _�c Siyaitrv9i dcant I r: /htV A/PhD /rctISDIVI ' = te 1 ...^^ . - hto '3 ,.1v1 — .).1 - 5] — Ls .+,,. t - r.•••• _- - —� -- Iu 1 I -1 ' -^. 4 mir 4 INC. I `964 Venture Circle, Orlando, Florida 32807 07j 677 -0350 600.367.1299 II i April 15, 1992 Mr. Daniel Bennek - , ; 1 ' Administrative Assistant ' r "r Metropolitan Mosquito Control Dist. v r 2380 Wycliff Street _ St.. Paul, Minn Dear Mr. Bennek 55114 '1 ►'� o . - p � .0.. L .. y . iiii T.. Per your 'request and for the record, PUNT 57 -05 does contain 'Xylene Range aromatic Solvent which defines a group of solvents that have the ability to dissolve and solubilize pesticides, i.e., Permethrin, 'much like Xylene. All solvents in PUNT 57 -0S Have been replaced with Xylene replacement solvents, such as Exxon 150, which 'meet all current EPA requirements for list 41 -and 42 Znerts of Toxicological Concerns for a s 'Xylene" tree pesticide. I Hope this clears .up -any .confusion concerning PUNT 57 -0S. If I can be of further - assistant, do .feel free to call 1- 800 -367- - 1299. Sincere' , .. ) saac S.. .Dyals .. - - _:President -cc: -ads. Susan - a1chick, 4.edes . - - 3ir. - 1;evin =Negro, - .Clarke *losguito Vontrol - Products .. f ZSD /bt - _. • 1 - Equipment �hsm;uls 7eehnolapy - 1 7 c METROP • AN MO r r NTROL DISTRICT ' 'ECIFICATIONS FOR 300 G ► ) r 1 FORM ..:TED RESMETHRIN INSECTICIDE 1. INVITATION FOR BIDS: Sealed bi 1 Mosquito Control District 2380 Wycliff Street, St. Paul, MN. MN. until: n:e Metropolitan • 1 2:00 P.M. Monday March 23, 1992 for the furnishing of 300 gallons of formulated SCOURGE* insecticide with SBP -1382/ 1 Piperonyl Butoxide 4% + 12% MF Formula II. Material shall be the SCOURGE' (4 % +l2 %) formulated by the Roussel Bio Corporation (EPA Registration #432 -716) or equivalent. 2. SPECIFICATIONS AND REQUIREMENTS: A. Active ingredients: T Resmethrin 4.14% Piperonyl Butoxide Technical 12.42% Inert Ingredients 83.44% 100.00% B. Cis /trans isomers ratio: Maximum 30% (±) cis and Minimum 70% (±) trans. C. All material shall be premixed before shipment to the District 1 D. Insecticide must have been freshly formulated in 1992 or certified as to label potency. E. Product must be delivered in a thirty (30) gallon container of a type known to protect -gam product deterioration. / F. This . :roduct MUST have a current Environmental Protection Agency r _:� • • ;on for the product. A EPA approved label must be included_ in the bid. G. All •ntainers must be labeled in accordance with the requirements of the • esota Pesticide Control Law of 1976, Section 18A.22 and the product must of registered with the State of Minnesota Department of Agriculture. - It is the responsibility , p ty of the vendor to see that the material being bid isregistered for sale in the State of Minnesota by the Minnesota Department of Agriculture and is registered for application by truck- mounted non - thermal ULV equipment. ' H. Copies of the product label, material safety data sheets, and technical information shall accompany the bid. 1 1 I. The District will be able to reorder at the bid price quoted, this material in minimum quantity of 30 gallons up to October 1, 1992. 3. NER INGREDIENTS: The District's intent is not to purchase any material which contains any of the inert ingredients listed by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as "Inerts of Toxicological Concern" (List 1), or "Potentially Toxic Inerts/High Priority for Testing" (List 2), this information must be presented on the product label, as required by law. Complete listings of both List 1 or 2 may be obtained from the Federal Register, Volume 54, No.224, Wednesday, November 22, 1989, pages 48314 - 48316. 4. DELIVERY: Product to be delivered between May 1 - May 23, 1992. Delivery will be ' made upon telephone notice to: Metropolitan Mosquito Control District Dakota County Division 2240 152nd Street East, Building 101 -B Rosemount, Minnesota 55068 • 1 The vendor is to call the District main office (612- 645 -9149) 24 hours before delivery. Deliveries will only be accepted Monday through Friday 7:00 A.M. - 1:00 P.M. 1 The vendor is responsible for the shipment of the product, and assumes all liability and cost of shipment to the District. 1 5. MINNESOTA HUMAN RIGHTS COMPLIANCE: A. In accordance with Minnesota Statute 473.144, NO BIDS WILL BE ACCEPTED WITHOUT THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION: YOU MUST HAVE one of the following four (4) items to be submitted to the Metropolitan ' Mosquito Control District with your bid proposal if the bid proposal is over $ 50,000.00, before the bid can be accepted: 1. If the bidder employs or has employed more than 20 full-time in Minnesota within the last calendar year, the bidder must submit a copy of their certificate of compliance, issued by the Minnesota Department of Human Rights, with their bid. 1 Certificates of Compliance are issued to businesses who have an Affirmative Action Plan approved by the Commissioner of the Minnesota Department of Human Rights for the 1 employment of minorities, women and disabled individuals. 2. If a person does not employ more than 20 full-time employees in Minnesota, they must 1 submit a signed notarize statement attesting to that fact. 3. A waiver issued by the Department of Human Rights. 1 1 2 1 UOUSSEL 131 CORPORAT ION.. • _ _ TECHNICAL CENTER: �31 ` ' : 170 BEAVER BROOK ROAD' LINCOLN PARK, NJ 07035 . TELEPHONE. (201) 628.1700 •,`•: tt FAX. (201) 628.9367 r ::y Pesticides, Environmental, Q Toxicology and Regulatory Affairs Department • March 13, 1992 TELECOPY Mr. Kevin Magro 1 Clark Mosquito Control Products 159 N. Garden Avenue . Roselle, IL 60172 1 • Dear Mr. Magro: II Subject: Scourge Insecticide with SBP- 1382 /Piperonyl Butoxide 4% -+ 12% - Inert Ingredients As per our conversation of March 12 1992, I am confirming that the above named product does not contain any intentionally added inert ingredients listed on the EPA's list 1; inerts of toxicological concern, or list 2; potentially toxic inerts /high priority for 11' testing. See Pesticide Registration Notice 90 -1. Should you have any further questions, please contact me at (201)628 -7200. Sincerely, 1 , 1 i 7 / � /! '" 7 / Christina M. Lawes - Manager, Federal Registrations 1 cc: J. Conti • 1 1 • 1 1 HEADQUARTERS PO BOX 1077, 400 SYLVAN AVENUE, ENGLEWOOD CLIFFS, NJ 07632 TEL: (201) 871 -0771 TLX: ITT 420839 FAX. (201) 871.984 1 minnesota department of health O 717 s.e. delaware st. p.o. box 9441 minneapolis 55440 i 'a� (612) b23.5000 � �� M arch 16, 1984 i A 1 St + . 1 w T . 4 ,. % , ,.' , ' . y R.D. Sjogren, Ph.D., Director � 1 Metropolitan Mosquito Control District 2380 Wycliff Street St. Paul, MN 55114 1 Dear Doctor Sjogren: As you requested we have evaluated the potential hazards of I human exposure to the chemicals used by MMCD. The enclosed report includes a review of the scientific literature as well as the results of discussions with scientists and physicians. 1 During the course of the evaluation process, additional comments and suggestions (in areas other than health effects) were made by the outside experts regarding your proposed I allergy testing program. These comments were not included in the body of the attached report, but they may be helpful as you consider the various alternatives regarding public I complaints. The additional comments by those persons con- tacted are summarized as follows: 1 1. Offering an allergy testing program may result in an inundation of requests for allergy tests. Pyrethroids are generally regarded as one of the safest known pesticides and offering allergy I testing could create a non- productive controversy. Costs for testing a large number of people would be considerable. 1 2. An allergy testing program would be a "good public relations tactic" and the data collected would 1 be interesting, but allergy testing may not be pertinent to the health effects issues since the substances under consideration have not been found to be allergenic. 1 3. One suggested alternative was to concentrate on an educational approach since the number of I complaints is small. 4. Another suggestion was to require complainants I to present a physician's 'request before providing an allergy test. This approach would probably not completely prevent the problems described in item one. 1 i an equal opportunity employer R.D. Sjogren, Ph.D. -2- March 16, 1984 5. The suggestion was also made to retain a con- �. sultant allergist(s) to evaluate the validity and feasibility of the MMCD proposal before go- ing ahead with the allergy testing program. The feeling was that this is a new and complex question and should be studied in detail by an expert (i.e., allergist). These comments and our hazard evaluation suggest that a publicly offered allergy testing program would produce a large number of requests for the testing service with little resulting public health benefit. We do believe, however, that involving an allergist in your program will be helpful in evaluating and resolving complaints. If you have any questions regarding the enclosed evaluation and the above comments please call Larry Gust of my staff at 623 -5325. Sincerely, 1 • Raymond W. Thron, Ph.D., P.E. , Director of Environmental Health IF 11 • 1 1 1 1 1 II • EVALUATION OF THE HUMAN HEALTH HAZARDS ' OF RESMETHRIN /PIPERONYL BUTOXIDE INSECTICIDE 1 BACKCROUND Each year the Metropolitan Mosquito Control District (MMCD) receives 10 -15 complaints from citizens who claim they are hypersensitive to P 1 insecticide sprays. The MMCD in response to these concerns is consider- ing a "District policy which would require such citizens to have sensitivity 1 testing conducted by an allergist retained by the District to verify sensitivity to District used materials prior to granting special exemptions to neighborhood treatment... ". The following report is an evaluation 1 of the potential hazards of human exposure to the chemicals used by MMCD. This evaluation includes a review of the scientific literature as well 1 as the results of discussions with scientists and physicians including allergists, entomologists,-medical entomologists, and pesticide scientists. The insecticide of concern is a combination of a synthetic pyrethroid (resmethrin) and a synergin ( piperonyl butoxide). Resmethrin is a mixture 1 of four sterioisomers 140 percent ( +) trans, 40 percent ( -) cis, 10 percent (t ) cis and 10 percent ( -) trans). The.synergin, piperonyl butoxide, has no insecticidal activity, but when added to pyrethroid formulations it enhances, i.e., synergizes, the pyrethroid's insecticidal activity. Both 1 compounds were reviewed and a summary of their toxicology is presented in 1 the following sections. 11 -1- ' II R5►1ETNRIN TOXICITY Pyrethroids are structural 1 modifications of one of the oldest class of .nsecticides, the pyrethrins. Pyrethrins, derived from pyrethrum 1 flowers, are remarkably effective but unstable compounds and for the II moot part have been replaced by the newer pyrethroids which have greatly iiproyed potency and stability. 1 Ac oral toxicity of ute oral Toxicity cevera1 investigators have studied the acute 1 resmethrin. Berteau exposed female mice to resmethrin in soya -bean Qii. The resulting I.D was 3 1 SO 1390 mg /kg. Verschayle exposed female rats to resmethrin using two solvents as carriers, dimethyl sulphoxide II (_DA'SD) and polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG- 400). The LD were 1347 mg /kg II 8md ;995 mg /kg, respectively. Miyamoto exposed both male and e f male mice and rats to racemic resmethrin and to the (_) trans and ( +) cis isomers. Table 1 shows the II DSO for each combination. II II Table 1. .Acute Oral Toxicity of Resmethrin Mice Rats II compounds Male Female Male Female Racemic 690 II 0) tuns 590 800 >5000(0)� >5000(0)* . (*) cis 152 160 (!) trans S00 600 II ( cis 3700 5000 - l'figiires in parenthesis indicate percentage (t) mortality at the highest II dosage. These studies point out that resmethrin' toxicity is dependent on the l €purer used and the species exposed. II II • • 1 Acute and Subacute-Inhalation Toxicity Miyamoto exposed mice and rats to aerosolized resmethrin. The animals were exposed continuously to a mist (particle size 1 -2 Um) of the compound at different concentrations for four hours. No deaths were recorded even at the highest concentrations; however, toxic symptoms ' like hypersensitivity, motor ataxia; and urinary incontinence were observed during heavy exposure. See Table 2 for exposure conditions and results. 1 Table 2. Acute Inhalation Toxicity of Resmethrin Minimum Toxic ' Experimental Conditions• LC mg /m Dose mg /m Exposure Airflow Rats Mice Compounds Solvent Hour E /min (M /F) (M /F) Rats Mice ' Resmethrin Kerosine/ _4 SO 71/500 71 /S00 400 400 ( +) trans, xylene (9/1) cis Miyamoto also conducted subacute inhalation toxicity tests on ' resmethrin. Groups of mice and rats were exposed to resmethrin at levels of 27, 47 and 210 mg /m for 4 hrs /day, 5 days /wk for four weeks. No significant effects were revealed in any of the examinations including hematology, clinical biochemistry, and microscopic histopathology of major organs and tissues. Subacute and Chronic Toxicity Miyamoto assessed the subacute and chronic toxicity of the ( +) trans and cis isomers of resmethrin in a rodent feeding study. Groups of -3- '20 male and female rats were fed 500, 1500 and S000ppm in their diet for 24 weeks. Examinations were made on behavior, y, growth, ow 11. , food intake and water consumption, and urinalysis during feeding, and at terminal necropsy, on hematology, clinical biochemistry, major organ weight and microscopic histopathology of a number of organs and tissues. The no- effect level for resmethrin was 1500 ppm. At 5000 ppm a slight increase in liver weight and the enzyme41Pase were observed. • Teratogenicity , Teratogenicity studies were conducted by Miyamoto on mice and rats using the ( ;) trans and cis isomers of resmethrin. Fifteen to twenty pregnant mice or rats per dose were used, and for breeding of offspring ' 7 extra pregnant animals were used. See Table 3 for exposure conditions. • Table 3. Teratology Study of Resmethrin Dose Administration Compound • Animal - mg /kg -day Route Days of Gestation Resmethrin ( +) Mice • 10/30/50 Oral 7 - 12 II trans, cis Rats 10/20/50 Oral 9 - 14 • II • No significant adverse effects were observed. ., In a study by Swentzel, no teratologic effects were found in rats in which up to lethal doses of the chemical were added to ground feed. 1 • - Mutagenicity /Carcinogenicity Mutagenetic studies were also reported by Mi S , P Y yamoto. At doses of 10 mg/plate of racemic resmethrin and its cis and trans isomers dissolved , in dimethyl sulphoxide,no mutagenic effects were noted in the bacteria E. coil and S. typhimurium (in terms of revertants compared to controls ' and nitroquanidine). Similarly, in the host mediated assay, no signi- ' ficant number of revertants were detected. In vitro mutagenic (Ames) testing by Swentzel did not indicate mutagenic activity; 6- 1 No reports were found that studied the carcinogenicity of resmethrin. • ' AlIergic Reactions and Irritant Toxicity Pyrethrum flowers are members of the large Compositae family and thus, are botanically related to ragweed. In the past, humans allergic • ' to ragweed pollen have developed cross - sensitization allergies when exposed to pyrethrins. Cross - sensitization is defined as sensitization 1 to a substance induced by exposure to another substance having cross - reacting antigens. Purification processes were subsequently applied 1 to pyrethrin production to remove the components responsible for allergic reactions; however, the question has been raised whether people with ragweed allergies could develop cross - sensitization reactions when 1 exposed to the structurally synthetic pyrethroids. No studies were found examining this 1 biiyamoto reports that none of the synthetic pyrethroids, including 1 resmethrin, are irritants to either rabbit skin or to rabbit eyes. Only slight transient congestion of conjunctiva or lacrimation was produced by massive instillation of pyrethroid compounds. Miyamoto reports that the Association of Food and Drug Officials of the U.S. found none of the synthetic pyrethroids to be a skin sensitizer in guinea pigs, when tested by the prescribed method (intracutaneous administration every other 1 • -S- 1 • II day for 20 days and one intracutaneous 14 days later for chalIenging). Swentzel evaluated the risks associated with the proposed use'of resmethrin as an impregnant on miltary fabrics. Acute and repeated applications of the material to rabbit skin failed to produce irritant or acneform 1 . reactions. Cotton sateen cloth impregnated with resmethrin produced only a slight irritant reaction in a 24 -day wear test with rabbits. No reports were found which studied human allergic /irritant reactions to resmethrin. PIPERWYL BUTOXIDE TOXICITY Acute Oral Toxicity Acute oral LD for piperonyl butoxide in rats range from 7960- 10600 mg /kg b.w. In dogs the , 8 LD was greater than 7650 mg /kg b.w. lin and in cats greater than 10600 mg /kg b.w. Chronic Toxicity 1 A two -year study in rats with commercial grade piperonyl butoxide in the diet at 0, 100, 1000,•25000 ppm showed reduced weight gain in males at 1000 ppm. Mortality and a significant increase in the kidney and liver weight were observed in both sexes at 10000 m , pp The no- effect level for piperonyl butoxide was determined to be 100 ppm (equivalent to • 1 5 mg /kg b.w. /day). Effects of piperonyl butoxide on mixed function oxidases have also been noted but the significance of these effects has not been determined. II • 1 • 1 —6- 1 • Mutagenicity and Carcinogenicity A gene 'mutation study in r. coil without metabolic activation showed ' no compound- related effects. A DNA damage test g in mice was also negative and a dominant lethal test in mice was inconclusive. ' An 18 -month study in nice with commercial grade piperonyl butoxide in the diet at 0 and 300 ppm was inconclusive. A study in mice in which commercial grade piperonyl butoxide was administered in the diet 0, 1036, and 2084 ppm for 112 weeks revealed no compound - related effects. 7 11 A two -year study in mice in which commercial rade piperonyl butoxide w B as ' administered in the diet at 2500 and 5000 ppm for 30 weeks followed by reduction to 500 and 2000 ppm, respectively, for S2 weeks also showed no compound - related effects. Allergic Reactibns Irritant Toxicity • No studies were found examining the allergic potential and irritant toxicity of piperonyl butoxide in either animals or humans. ' COMMENTS FROM OUTSIDE SCIENTISTS AND PHYSICIANS Ten scientists and physicians outside the Department (see list below) were conducted and asked for their comments on the toxicity of resmethrin and piperonyl butoxide and on the usefulness of performing allergy tests for this insecticide. 1 Dave Noetzel University of Minnesota tomo En log ist LaVarre Uhlken Region V EPA, Chicago, Pestcide Scientist • -7- • Dr. Donald Eliason Center for Disease Control, Fort Carson, CO Medical Entomologist Dr. Marte Devries Penick Corp, NJ, Pesticide Scientist Dr. William Schoenwetter Minneapolis, Allergist II Dr. Joseph Kelley Minneapolis, Allergist 1 Harvey Dominic Illinois Health Department, Entomologist Dr. Malcolm Blumenthal Minneapolis, Allergist 1 Dr. John Casida University of California, Berkeley, CA Pesticide Scientist Dr. Paul Johnson St. Paul, Occupational Medicine • ., The pertinent comments of the above individuals are summarized below: 1. Several contacts reported hearing anecdotal reports of adverse responses 1 in humans exposed to synthetic pyrethroids. Responses included prick- ling and itching of the skin (i.e., face, tongue, lips, nasal passages, 111 eyes and hands), numbness of face and hands, and lacrimation. These responses have not been quantified and it is not clear whether the responses are allergic Or toxic irritant reactions. 1 2. The contacts were not aware of any specific reports of allergic/ irritant reactions to resmethrin or piperonyl butoxide. 3. Allergists stated that people allergic to ragweed could exhibit 1 cross - sensitization to pyrethrin. They did not know if cross- sensitization might also occur With synthetic pyrethroids. 1 4. Allergists stated that when people with an existing disease, e.g., asthma, other respiratory disease, heart disease, etc., were exposed 11 • • - 1 II -8- to an inhaled pollutant (e.g., insecticide spray) they could manifest I \ an exacerbation of the disease. This is not an allergic response and not necessarily a response to an irritant. Any number of non -toxic l agents,, e.g., odors, non -toxic mists, cold air, etc., can trigger an adverse respiratory reaction, particularly asthma, This comment was made several times and also appears in the literature. S. Infants and elderly are often highly susceptible to various environmental ' agents. This reaction is not an allergic response. . ' 6. Allergy testing of individuals exposed to insect spraying could give a false sense of security. That is, an individual could have a ' negative allergy test to the insecticide and yet have an adverse response when exposed (see comments 14 and 15). 7. Skin reactions can be either an allergic or toxic irritant response. Patch testing will by design exclude allergic contact dermatitis but is of no value in diagnosing irritant dermatitis. 8. The allergists contacted have not conducted allergy testing on these ' compounds and were not aware of other allergists who had. Some felt it would be difficult to interpret the results without more animal studies being done first. ' SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS The literature review indicates that the acute and chronic toxicity of both resmethrin and piperonyl butoxide is very low. Although the level of information was limited, there were not studies indicating these compounds were either allergens or toxic irritants. There are anecdotal ' reports of synthetic pyrethroids producing mild irritant reactions but these 1 • have not been detected in scientific studies. Discussions with scientists and physicians also reveal no indication that resmethrin and pip eron y l butoxide are either allergens or irritants. The consensus of opinion is 1 that if this insecticide was to produce an adverse effect it would be an ' exacerbation of an existing condition induced by an individual's hyper - susceptability to foreign substances and probably not an allergic or 1 toxic irritant reaction. The available scientific literature and the opinion of those knowledgeable in the area of respiratory allergic and irritant response do not support the conclusion that exposure to these materials, as they are typically used in pest control, results in a significant potential for 1 the occurrence of human health effects. • • 1 • • • • • 1 1 1 1 1 -20- 1 REFERENCES • 1. Metropolitan Mosquito Control District, "District Policy, Request by "Allergic" Citizens ", 1983. 2. Casida, J.E., "Pyrethrum Flowers and Pyrethroid Insecticides ", Environmental Health Perspectives, 34, 189 - 202, 1940. • 3. Berteau, P.E., and Dean, W.A., "A Comparison of Oral and Inhalation Toxicities of Four Insecticides to Mice and Rats ", Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 19, 113 - 120, 1978. 4. Verschoyle, R.D., and Barnes, J.M., "Toxicity of Natural and Synthetic • Pyrethriis to Rats ", Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 2, 308 - 311, 1972. II 5. Miyamoto, J., "Degradation, Metabolism and Toxicity of Synthetic Pyrethroids ", Environmental Health Perspectives, 14, 15 - 28, 1978. ' 6. Swentzel, K.C., Angerhofer, R.A., et al, "Safety Evaluation of the Synthetic Pyrethroid Insecticide, Resmethrin, as a Clothing Impregnant ", Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 45, 243, 1978. • 7. U.S. Department of Health and Human. Services, "Piperonyl Butoxide ", The FDA, Surveillance Index, Government Printing Office, Washington, D.0 1983. 8. Worthing, C.R., The Pesticide Manual, The British Crop Protection Council Nottingham, England, p 429, 1979. 9. Innes, J.R.M., Ulland, B.M., at al, "Bioassay of Pesticides and Industrial Chemical for Tumigenicity: A Preliminary Note ", Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 42, 1101 - 1114, 1969 10. Middleton, E., Reed, C.E., et al, Allergy Principles and Practice, ' C.V. Mosby Co., 1200 pp, 1983. • • • • 1 1 1 • 1 1 r. •, MISSEL RIO CORPORATION 170 BEAVER BROOK ROAD LINCOLN PARR, IW 07035 Emergency Telephoto 800- 331 -2867 NFPA Designation 704 1 DEGREE OF HAZARD 4= EXTREME ACTIVITY 1 3 =HIGH ELLOW) 2 =MODERATE 1 =SLIGHT 0•INSIGNIFICANT MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET y l5, 1991 �� MM- - --- Section I - Product Identit OMNINlyinil MM. Product Name: Sc c uA � .0 Se��ic, o�. .561, •-1382/Pip Bu?.P Lar iairM _i• 4f1.� eron 2 EPA Reg. No: 432 -716 Chemical Name - 1 Active Ingredient: ( Benzl 3- furyl)methyl 2, 2 methylpropenyl )cyclopropanecarboxylate Common Name Resmethrin, SBP -1382 Molecular Formula: C003 Molecular Weight: 338.45 Chemical Name 1 Active Ingredient: o-12-(2-butoxy)ethoxy;-4,5-(methylenedioxy)-2- propyltolusne • • Common Name: Piperonyl Butoxids Molecular Formula: C19H3005 Molecular Weight: 338.45 1 1 1 Page 1 of 8 • • 1 1 i .. . FPA Reg No. :432 •716 Date: July 15, 1991 ___ y _- ice -__ -..r._ ___ -_- ___-__r_ _ Section II r _`_�___�_��_�� rM�s�_ -w_ ! ( Warning Statement Health: CAUTION. -- = ---- -_ -_. :- �`��- cc == = -= � - -' -- - aegis= Harmful if swallowed, inhaled or absorbed through skir II Avoid breathing vapors or sprays. Avoid contact with skin, eye or clothing. I Environment: This material is toxic to fish. Do not discharge effluent containing this material into any body of water or into sewer systems without previously notifying the proper authorities. II = =Y M- -___-___ -- Section III ft. Hazardous Ingredients ~""' COMPoNENT II CAB No. * TWA /CEILING 8EP -1382 10453 -86 -8 4 None Established Piperonyl Butoxide 51 -03 -6 12 II Petroleum None Established Solvent - 83 100 ppm II Section IF - Physical Properties - _- ___- -MY- I Appearance and odor: Clear golden liquid with characteristic Boiling Point: Chrysanthemate odor. ( Melting Point: lo C II Vapor Pressure: Not t available Specific Gravity: 0.86nvailable Octanol /H 0 Partition II Coef: Not available . Solubility: Insoluble in water Section -_______________=-_____--------___ _ ___= - - -- ----- I Fire and Explosion Hazard Information _-.- ~- -- Flash Point: -" -- _ -- Flammable Limits 273°C (TCC) I (% by volume): Not available Autaignition Temperature: Not available Fire Extinguishing Media: Foam, CO Dry Chemical or Halon 1 Fire Control Tactics: Avoid breathing dusts, vapors and fu burin materials. P mss from burning ing ' Wear self- contained, 1 p pressure breathing apparatus and full fire fighting protective clothing. I Keep unnecessary people away. Dse water spray or fog to cool containers. A solid stream may cause material and contaminated water to spread. Dike area of fire to II ( Page 2 of 8 1 1 • • • EPA Rcvg.No.: 432 -716 1 Date: July 15, 1991 prevent or control run -off. Do not allo . run -off to enter sewer systems or any b y t of water. If run does enter sewer system t water, contact the appropriate authoritieF immediately. 1 Do not decontaminate personnel, equipment, or handle broken packages or contain s without wearing the -specified protect e equipment and clothing. Decontamina e emergency personnel with soap and wa r --==========---===----- before leaving the fire area. N =M=N -= y- -rte Section VI • Reactivity Data -M Stability: Stable N ~ ~ -` II Polymerization: Will not occur Conditions to avoid: Extreme heat or sources of ignition. Incompatible Materials: Strong oxidizing and strong reducing agents il Hazardous Decomposition Products: Thermal decomposition products may include carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide. Section VII - Health Ra$ard Information -__ �+ - _- ---- - - NN------ - -Y - - ' - - Y- N.-- NN- M----- -- NN- -N= Routes of Exposure: ( No data are available for this product. Data for Scourge Insecticide wi SBP -1382 and Piperonyl Eutoxide 18 % +54% MT are presented below. Eye Contact: Non- irritating to the eye. • Skin Contact: Slightly irritating to the skin. Skin absorption: LD >2000 mg /kg Inhalation: 4 -Hour LC50(rats) >2.64 mg /L the Maximum Attainable Concentration I Ingestion: LD50(rat) -2.7 q /kg. Effects of Overexposure • Acute Exposure: Exposure levels tested in animals at or near thil LD50 /LC50 have produced the following syzptomolo decreased activity, loss of coordination, salivation and erect body hair. Humans might experienc transient headache, dizziness, stuffy or runny nose# scratchy throat and localized sensitization. 1 1 Page 3 of 8 1 1 •1 F. 7 • 11.* EPA Reg No.: 432 -716 Date: July 15, 1991 i subehroaic Exposure No data available for this product. i * The NOEL established for resmethrin in a 90- inhalation study with rats was 0.1 day * The NOEL for resmethrin was 10 mg/kg/day o in the di k diet when fed to dogs for 180 days. * Rats tolerated diets containing 5000 ppm of piperonyl butoxide without adverse effects for 17 weeks. 1 In Vitro Testing • No data available for this product. xutagenioit : Y Resmethrin is not considered to be mutagenic based on 1D XI =P studies conducted with bacteria and yeast. 11 Chronic Exposure • No data available for this product. Teratogsaicity; * Resmethrin is not considered to be teratogenic based on studies conducted in rabbits and rats. * Piperonyl Eutoxide was not considered to be fetotoxic nor teratogenic based on a study in rabbits. Chronic Toxicity: Resmethrin did not produce any evidence of toxic effects when fed to rats at concentrations of up' to 500 ppm for two years. 1 Onoogenicity: * Resmethrin was not considered to be oncogenic ' based on chronic feeding studies conducted in rats and mice. * Piperonyl Butoxide was not considered to be ' oncogenic based on chronic feeding studies in rats and mice. 1 1 Page 4 of 8 1 i EPA Reg No. :432 -716 1 Date: July 15, 1993 Reproductive Toxicity: * A slight increase in the number of pups oast dead and a decrease in pup weights were observ when rats were fad diets containing 500 ppm (lowest dosage tested) or higher of resmethr over three successive generations. * Reproductive performance and offspring development in rats were unaffected wh piperonyl butoxide was fed at diets concentrations of up to 1000 ppm over t successive generations. Neurotoxicity: 1 Resmethrin is not considered to be a neurotoxin bas on at feeding studies conducted for up to 32 week EMERGENCY AND FIRST AID PROCEDURES: If in eyes: Flush eyes with plenty of potable water for at leas 15 minutes. Get medical attention if irritation persists. If on skin: Remove all contaminated clothing. Wash with soap and water. Get medical attention if irrita plenty persists. 1 If inhaled: Remove to fresh air. If breathing is difficult or if any discomfort persists, obtain medical attention. II If ingested: Call a physician or Poison Control Center. DO WoT induce vomiting. This product contains a petroleuil solvent. Aspiration might be a hazard. DECONTAMINATION Wash all contaminated articles thoroughly ' PROCEDURE: with soap and water before reusing. ' NOT:; TO PEYSICIAN: This product contains a pyrethroid and a petroleum solvent. Aspiration might be a hazard. Xf ingests and vomiting has not occurred, emesis should bell induced with supervision. Keep patient's head below hips to prevent aspiration. If symptoms such as loan of gag reflex, convulsions or unconsiousnsss occur before emesis, gastric lavage using a cuffed endotracheal tube should be considered. DOT administer or instill milk, cream or other" substances containing vegetable or animal fats, which enhance absorption of lipophilic substances. Page 5 of $ 1 1 • ...I r EPA Reg No.: 432 -716 • Date: July SS, 1991 MEDICAL CONDITION AaaRAVATED EY OVEREXPOSURE: The available toxicological, physical and chemical information for the material indicate that, in general, overexpo:lure to this material unlikely to aggravate existing medical conditions. Section VIII • Exposure Control Methods * A NIOSH- approved pesticide respirator should b worn in o0 ventilated areas. p rl * Protective rubber apron, long sleeves, pants and rubber glove should be worn to prevent contact with skin. * Safety glasses or goggles should be worn to prevent contact wit eyes. * • Wash thoroughly, j mediately after exposure. Smoking, eating an drinking should not be permitted before changing clothing an washing after handling. * Contaminated clothing should be removed immediately and washes thoroughly with soap and water before reuse. S ection IX • B �_r�_M_- '-- �- M _r__---- ��r�_4 1 pill or Leak Procedures * Wear prescribed safety equipment. * Dike area around spill to contain material. * Absorb spill with an inert material such as clay or sawdust etc. and place in approved disposal container. ' Waste Disposal: Dispose according to local, state and federal 1 _ -- ! regulations. Section Y • Special precautions Handling: Wear gloves, goggles and other necessary protective equipment as indicated. Handle in well ventilated area. Do not smoke, eat or drink in area where product is handled or stored. 1 Do not contaminate water, food disposal. or feedstuff by storage or 1 Storage: Do not store at temperatures below 40'7. If this material has been exposed to temperatures below 407, there may be precipitation. Check for crystallization. If evident, warm to 80'F and thoroughly mix before using. DO NOT USE NEAR OPEN FLAME. For Containers One Callon and Under: Store product in original container in a locked storage area. ,( Page 6 of 8 1 • • • EPA Reg No: 432 Date: July 15, 1991 1 section XI - Additional Rego Information - Regulatory Xquatic and Wildlife - -= Toxicity Data No data are available for this product. Data for Scourge Insecticide ill: SBP- 1382 /Piperonyl Dutoxide 18% +548 MF or Resmethrin Technical �r presented below. Aquatic organisms: The 96 -Hour LC50 values for Scourge in Rainb1 trout, Bluegill sunfish and Bhespshead minnows are: 2.40 ppb, 53.00 ppb •and 8.80 respectively. The 48 -Hour LC50 for Daphnia is 0.10 ppm. For Penaeua shrimp and Ameri z oyster, the 96 -Hour LC50 for Scourge is 1.25 k and approximately 2.79 ppm, respectively. Aquatic Oral-Birds: The acute oral LD of resmethrin in male California quail was in excess of 2000 tag/kgli Subacute oral- Birds: The LC of resmethrin fed to Japanese quail in their diet was >5000 ppm. • The LC of resmethrin fed to mallard ducks w also >5000 ppm. Reproduction- Birds: Dietary administration ration of resmethrin at 300 ppm for 23 weeks produced no adverse effects reproduction in Bobwhite quail and in Malle ducks. SARA Title III Data Section 311 and 312 Hazard categories • • Immediate Health Hazard - N 1 Delayed Health Hazard • N Fire Hazard - N Reactive Hazard _ N Sudden pressure Release Hazard • N Section 302 Extremely Hazardous Substances • None Section 313 Toxic Chemicals - None CERCLA Reportable Quantity: None 1 �, Page 7 of 8 1 NM MI MN MI NIB =I NM =I MIN NMI MI MIMI MI 11111111 MllIl IIIIIII Mill 111111 I•11 Mosquito Control Distric Almanac stthij by cr�t�cs .. pponents cite • t , I . •'w: ...., ', 3 . , r . ' , t ,,,r , r We •• Y r . , r~ ,. • ,. • > Monday, Juty 13,1992 C ' �' r; ,r»tiM .t� t ,, , ;, ��r, , „^ i. ,* y r, � i � , f4' r i ,,, + ,. ,m � r�.,1. 1 95th da y ,171t o gothisyear ' ' i', ,, r Y , I Y, �`i�! , i i d 'W , r „r , t Y r'/411. ' ', r. �ACr.t, R', �r ;;If r ,, Sunrise: 5:39. Sunset. 8: 58 onmental, 1 ?.111$ ,� ►� , ., ;: 't:14 r :. - ►�,, gi'il 1 i44" ^, a* � '1}44414.% i*s 'i ' i ` s .•' .,., »� ' Tod weather/ r �'' Cr trrf� . ,,• . , � 1 � i f ,�"I , ,. . !`.�, Tt � ' 1 . r � j`•r'1 , Al , 1�� 1 r • �1 ,.�, °psi f �+ �• financial worries I V 's A :tit ' o utl �; ► r - � •P +S; ir or . ., b ' Y " Y If"''' . , ' 2i�•'.?r"��y�J`�'1 , , , , : ; A tittle sun .� 1 7.� ti ,!t' / , � '` +Y ,tl�' 4 " ,' , a,. r , ' r , , 4• + ? c 1>I ifh • By Mike ICasznba ' r » , ;r , • �'r 060,11 r r 1,N � ' • i{ � 'h , °' "' + 'i't y' r, 1 , �E u "r , ,, ",,,;,,,r « '%•,,, me sunshine, with a chanc " So "ht 1. yts � ' f, !i y� 4 , 1t , i .t tit 1c *K0 t w Ao , brief shower. High 75• low, 59. Staff Writer '' r. 1 t 'C'''r 4 4:1 1 ' '' M' "4' 1 „1 1 . f t A )1 ' n fgs A l /{ � "a ` { L y ' , p , Y f * { , le i )1 1 • f r .,, • '"tt i > f ,,. S 4r 1�r l M • r a ',�. �1 �t w. i � � h {# � � � f ''.0•41 �, ,, },t , lt�! f� rV -•' MN"�,,, . , • .r p ' It. , 'rYN it 1 . _ .\. , • 'mr4+ • YSr�r A ,t i' •" I{ 'iS, r i r''' •' • a. ,...16',44., ' _`"' In the Minneapolis park system, at ' " "; ! ' 0 i'g s `' , � , i 1 •, z �. ' h • 1;" " 'I' .. ° Y'_ . � , Y + ; 11 , r1 '' . ? ., . .' it'• • . • Index/ the state Legislature and even at sub- ,,, f.:j 1 - ,!• ,• r',44 i14w ��" I „ , / rjs 4' " . r '1tt li l ".. .-�1 Kh•; urban city halls the Metropolitan 1 • ', "' • �t ` , ; , «Y Comics 8,7E Obituaries , r i � � t� ►1 ,'.,' '� �� , L� . ,, •r � 1 rs' "1'n„ y''';' t i d; 'A• 'a, � +ll� ! r Mosquito Control District IS in re- Y t c,, w' 4• I y 1 �'' It,'" ' t w l, ' , • sq ,,, u r %I „ tl , ` r , r t/. • ' • i 4 1 „ a r •l r fi ' Zl fix: Movies tOD TV, Radio treat , t 1•.,••r r r• t . . Yr e• a i ' r r id.. t " L, "4,A '" ' I ' S t-I Yf ., • :' ''' ''' � c r s � ! r3 < � ' 1 ' 1 '‘1 1,0 4 4 ra *� l t ‘ . Complete Index „� . 1 i e ,�, fir Yi 41 • t"". AL- V p r ,,s1 a , Yµp 1 1 " 1. „ 6 4r� '' � " /1.. 1. !'� p . , . ! „ • ,C �1 ^ x • m , li' 1 Y I iMf ' � r 4 r • ��Y '!�� tY r•{ '�r � '.,� ?�" ry�, ►i r. !"q 'Y � '' The agenc that was created in the ,,Y ri . ` n , r "' «'I �' ,,. ti . + �, f . + ,. ., f, ' , �, r r 1 � r i,r � !4 r '� t Ar � � M � ,��. � r 7A( R '� d � . 4 1 '� e � /� J� � r � 5„ f M � ,�t� 1950s to f mosquitoes has itself 1, 1 , 1 `�? ;4 +1t ' ,/ll`yJi, , ;y fr', 113 r , t1 r 1 r +! M 4 , t h o5 44, ' ! ; : k , s ;w1 T e l ep h ones/ � i . A. � �� ` c r ' l�, � _- , t 1 h/`� '� 7 N . �l; fir l� �r��t 4'' .YW� h � � , become a to et d ed b longtime �+ .: r ; �' ,,� , ' . `• ;"t �, Lh i ' , r r . �, . • A G r ' . •• r ' «. rr + ;r u, Y g , t, '" Y ° � , h fit, . rh, ; .., • "4. a, •1 C 1 S, ,'r r +,.,. y,., , Tr i• y " , ti ' Ge lnformadon 67 opponents o ch treatments 1 . ' 4 i S 1' t , , i 1 • •� OA 1,01 + 11.1 , " "�! 4 , C µ /, t'"+ Ciassineds 67 ■ who are benefiting renewed "! .war '''.74 , �. 1 4 ' ry r 1 f , ' t w. 4114t1/40•%%.,,,14)1'0,4 �,:' ' r ' '��• '4 +�►' ' 1 r\I•A�F f 1N r, Ar' w ' , i •'^ �f� r"1' " �, �� f from �, P ?1k public g rene ed . '� 'i 1, , ' , y. t' ;,'t,. ,, r • �1 :1 ,'• ,+!. ; ;, � , � �S N � r, 1, r �• „ Circulation 87 c concern about the environ -� t•� + . •�' " ' . Copyright 1992 Star Tribune ment. There is also criticism headquarters, about Staff Photo by John Croft - f,4 l S up - ,' ( 1 ' . 19Z VolumeXl /Number 100 6a its new S3 million head which some legislators tried to block Jim Stark of the Dakota County office of th Metropolitan Mosquito Control . rol District collected samples from a, • t • as an unnecessary taxpayer expense. pond. The district has come under attack by environmental groups and those who doubt its effectiveness. III", at the height of the mosquito missioners get for attending a meet- lations go up in rainy summers and levy limit and to curtail per diems for For Sarajev 3cason, the agency has been barred ing. down in dry ones, regardless of how commissioners. "I really can't see it International relief agencie from spraying in Minneapolis city much spraying is done and even makes one bit of difference " get aid into the most clasp( parks, and is under scrutiny in St. There are questions, too, about how though the agency budget has grown but intensified fighting els( i Paul, Maplewood, Chanhassen and, much of a difference the agency has to $10 million. While the agency has faced critics Bosnia Herzegovina was t • td a lesser degree, Forest Lake. Legis actually made in the mosquito battle. before, the breadth of the complaints " lators have put a limit on the agen- After 32 years, rain — and not the "I'm a doubter from the start as to and the success of its opponents at • Serbian guerrillas surroun cy's levy powers, curtailing its ability agency — still dictates how bad the their real value," said state Sen. Gen the Legislature and elsewhere clearly tanks and heavy artillery a to increase its budget, and virtually mosquitoes will be. The agency's Olson of Minnetrista, who led the trapped Bosnian Muslim eliminated the S50 the district's com own statistics show mosquito popu push this year to cap the agency's Mosquitoes continued on page 6A e 1 • Mos uitoes/ .Nit U1 UVUV. ms a tC lI1UUJU) financial problems and North% W h en rain goes up, so do mosquitoes layoffs, the airline will finish the Rain —and not the Metropolitan Mosquito Control District mainly dictates whether with more planes, employees Agency can't — thereil be more mosquitoes. Only seven times in the past 31 years have mosquitoes / routes than it had at the start not increased or decreased in tandem with rainfall. year he said. giv statistical This chart compares mosquito ''� sq populations, as measured by traps set around the "The fact of the matter is we metro district, with total metro rainfall from May through September. Tones in these bases now more than e data on effect background show whether seasons were wet or dry. Dots with a plus sign 0 indicate Aed Minnesota Austin said. "In fact, we w ul that rainfall and mosquitoes both increased; a minus sig n means both decreased. i . ' very unhappy [if the bases werer. e 's mo Continued from page IA 150 Mosquitoes common quito :. built], and our maintenance o q would be much dis uc is z . (Average r .... .. ,; the i ` have district backpedaling "This " (A May - September rainfall ` 3 ` ` "" total t rapped u:< tions w e �,�:• er per night) ;kf §! � „ •..past; year is the first year they ve 120 .E i + + 111 + n •;• achieved an kind of success," � , ; ❑ Dry year (more than 10% below aver Y Har- I average) ::!Old Trende, a six -year agency com- p .: .. a Q Near average year (Plus or minus 1096) • •:,,anissioner, said of the opponents. <. e r 3 ;; + ,. f .i • :;The environment is a very, very ;� (more than 10° /a above average) : popular issue at the present time." x � 4 + p + Wet year I x Id�3 ., . S .c' i ? , , ! F' & f • .F • 4 + ', ; 3 X1 Tk ° ",.I I kr 1n- response to the opposition, Robert 't, s�. + _ � 5S� , T q� , ; • Sjogren, the agency's A,!4:'''' s3# I Y . % at , + a 4F a { - . director since , a g , ed a. review �' +,� " % :: : 5 ! _ t} z ' . ' t ' r + 34 .#.3q:4:, N 76 a ! R .1,1934, has ask . scientific revi w . — `.`' - ; • ' • :•panel to assess the environmental `":; L, ', !s' a k s � ~ ": '' � • "r + `� ;1:.' . • „impact of larvacide, the agency's larg- . � n � 4� - ,, , ; « . ..; est , treatment program, which uses � .,, t ... , , r ,; t , N � <. s t , .!t I egg; .+ �> a. a .c . ..tis� . ' `d$P i' •.l,' l �j� il : � : ; I chemicals in the spring control . �` Y k ..< . :�•• . , z i pring to contro r : 6 0'61' 62 ' 6 4 ; 6 x 66 '6 7'6 8' ; '.69 70 71'.72 73747576777 '81 `8 '' 86 90,'9'i l ,k., • 1 ti ,,'' mosquitoes before they hatch. One ; rob; Metnopel .n D( c a , , a t N 1 k , , , j , g w y :'.feature of the program ..; '.^ " ""^I�" .. Y�••, .. . z�sk s, s ,, . 'ts.>z: ..: ,S x ,,.k`,s.: "Dk Y.r. .. xx�•��e H.'�o� RA.+g.,P. r, £ , 5 ? � 1,, �7 srr P gram is a briquet, , a ' +.r.,:3. a� '' , developed by Sjogren, that is often . Star Tribune Graphic 6 I. } ; r ;,,placed atop the snow in small breed• r� & iqg sites and dissolves with the thaw. the nation and conducts an ambi- Council must a rove an ' Leather, her, OZ pp y park halted in three city parks. In addi- tious chemical treatment program. board action. Lion. the Minnesota keeping with p ,,, • . ,Thostate Department of Health, also Nearly 160,000 wetland acres in the at the request of the agen , is study Twin Cities area were treated in 1991 Ga Bastian, policy, ain in keeping agency pre - ' Mon. July 13, t • ry Maplewood � mayor, policy. again denied an agency re- ing the environmental effect on hu- as part of the agency's larvacide pro- has asked a en officials to a ;';,' ' : { ....Maas of adulticide, the agency pro- 6 �' DPear quest this year to spray in the refuge. ;; ;.;��:!�i;" • ' . • gram. Last year in north Hennepin at a city hearing next month to justify "There is some biological concern," ;: Jackets . that sprays chemicals primarily County, 54,620 acres were sprayed as any continued spraying. "As mayor, 1 said Mary Mitchell, a biologist at the � :1■;,;,''- ! i, , ' •n in the summer. part of the adulticide effort. kind of had a sense, if there's a way refuge. 0 �,,a � r ' �, Leather kixts" to opt out, let's look at the option," -0 t 1,5' A, � •� ',, ,, , , ,r ,I, , 4 , ,.. t e , Addressing another criticism, "Let's . . Y^ . t,w ,,.,,:; ;t �;, ddressin B the The job facing the agency is even he said. Lets look at the implica- Some also criticize the agency for ''f ca, ?' '' s agency last month established a hot larger. There are 70,000 breeding Lions of what they do." building a new S3 million headquar- a Leather ants... ;: line. that daily tells callers where grounds in the metropolitan area, 8 q ' ! , I ` , •• spraying will occur in the Twin Cities and officials say a one -acre marsh Perhaps the biggest jolt to the agency effec ivene s n 1 Ev n ,•' is e r! ..'Leather'Trehch .,..area that evening. Though chemical can yield 2 million mosquitoes after was the announcement in May that Sjogren conceded that the timing of fi• '- '!i'�'!;''i'»r'' '+ �'' ,;`,;.,' "'''; ' ; spraying in the summer remains the a 2- to 4-inch rainfall. An Aedes the Minneapolis Park and Recreation the building, due to open in Novem- •• ,. 'M.f c " - t • ,.agency's most visible activity, only 8 vexan, the primary pest mosquito in Board was halting the long - standing ber, "could have been better" given ,, ; 4�'.hedtM ^ er l ^ M Ott)rC percent of its chemical treatment the metro area, can fly up to 4 miles a practice of chemically treating mos- the high vacancy rate of office space budget goes to adulticide spraying. night and live as long as four weeks. quitoes in the city's parks. "The long- in the Twin Cities. ;.. term ecological impacts of the larvi- . � ; t . :' 4 ,, ,, to.' , :':" ! 11270 •., Bui.the agency is still unable to an When heavy rains hit the .metro area cides presently used is not well docu The project was financed using re ' " ; `� +, '�: i '' "' TAKE HWY. $wen some fundamental criticisms. July 1, leaving more than 6 inches of mented and the potential for impact serves the agency had compiled in ,,r Its officials acknowledge that they water in Eden Prairie, as many as 200 on nontar�et organisms is signifi- 1988 and 1989, when drought condi- . j ' . 4 V ., LEFT 3 BLOCK have not produced any statistical evi- mosquito control workers fanned out cant," David Fisher, the Minneapolis tions yielded few mosquitoes. That ;., 'jr' ' " gi v1 dence that their efforts have affected the next day and the agency began park superintendent, said in a letter the agency was stockpiling reserves "' t . , PO� . LbW S the mosquito problem. warning residents to brace for a rise to Sjogren. did not sit well with critics and led to ' in mosquitoes in about 10 days. a clrirmich of the 1 smwlotnM C... MI En MEP NM 111111 ME IIIII II. NM MN NM 11111 11111 NM ME 1111.11 11111 ME 111M N • ININ = MI MI MN MI I NM MI IIIIIII MI 11= NM ' N MI Agency officials and o ". •••°•� "•.. wiy tried 1 wu Y opponents also "We're ending some mosquito Bevel- Jeff Lee, an environmental program Don Storm, IR- Edina, tried to stop disagree over how much of a role the opment," one official cautioned. manager for the Minneapolis parks, the project in 1991, calling it "an district has played in combating dis- said that park officials had begun outrage." oease.carrying mosquitoes, another of Sjogren, who has served as president discussions with the mosquito con- F . . �„�; O ' J the agency's responsibilities. Al- of the American Mosquito Control trol agency in 1990 over its spraying But Rep. Wes Skoglund, the Minne- `' +''' 'r •, ldtigh there have been just 12 cases Association, has compared mosquito and that the agency was unable to apolis DFLer who helped thwart • ,t ►GICrosse and Western encephali- control to the Persian Gulf War. In a prove that its chemicals did not have Storm's efforts, said it was another ,it the Twin Cities since 1982,• speech last year before the associa- an adverse effect on wildlife. "We example of how the agency is unfair - ••"yillg the agency's work to the low tion's annual meeting, he said, "The just felt the MMCD's was not a well- ly examined. "First of all, t don't r.,-- . a: t tats has proven difficult. most obvious [similarity] is the high thought out program," he said. think it's healthy for people to be bit .' , : c - technology weaponry and its deploy- by mosquitoes," said Skoglund. ' w he jousting between the agency and ment" Sjogren receives an $83,000 Similar, though more limited, action "Parts of California — virtually all of g A t '' `i ts opponents is wide - ranging. Sjo- salary and has earned $8,000 in an has been taken in St. Paul, where Florida — would be uninhabitable if t".. ..A , ' - �I gren claims that the chemicals being agreement that gives him royalties mosquito control spraying has been we didn't control mosquitoes." f f used have both state and federal ap- for briquets used outside Minnesota. * "gyp' al, while critics contend that the • s I micals may harm wildlife and "We're not an elimination program, t wat the agency has never tried to use but we're reducing the numbers," he A ccident/ Engineer knew ,i jsquitoes' natural predators to help said last week. Of the agency's critics {;: , s `, rot them. ' t Sjogren said, "People make a tremen- 1 1i: dons of claims. They really re t couldn stop in time :t.... w,: t %;Forest Lake, there's so many do not t understand stand the e claims they're • , trees no matter how much you making, but it sounds great." Sbr$y).... It's just a losing baffle," Continued from page lA drove over him at about 10 mph. , , i ., - Curtis Spars of the Forest Lake Yet the number of critics appears to 'wAtershed District. In a newsletter be increasing. They include Kay 10, and Heather, 14, noticed that "You do what you can in a situation Mitf1o' month to Watershed District Erickson of St. Paul, who reported Jonathan was not in the house, which like that," Nelson said last night residents, Sparks explained how to an allergic reaction when an agency is near the railroad tracks in Hudson from his Arden Hills home. "it was build fiat houses to help attract mos- truck sprayed near her home, and Township. The Sheriff's Department hardly heroic." quito - eating bats as an alternative to Eric Rivkin of Chanhassen, whose said the three immediately started • spraying complaint after becoming ill at Lake searching outside. He was reluctant to give any details i Ann led to the agency being fined for that were not in police reports. VALUE But much of the evidence on both spraying too close to a body of water. Meanwhile, engineer Carl Nelson of • sides remains inconclusive. One Said Rivkin: "There's no oversight Arden Hills and conductor Steve Nelson and Eastman immediately $, .,,study, just completed by biologist on these guys." Eastman of Eau Claire, Wis., were called for help. When Hudson police , • Michael DeJong at the University of aboard a Chicago and Northwestern and an ambulance arrived, the child St. Thomas in St. Paul, examined the Agency officials say allergic reactions train pulling 103 cars westward on was conscious and lying under the , effect of chemical spraying on as to its chemical treatment remain the outskirts of Hudson. At about train. , : 'many as 25 species of songbirds. De- minimal, with just 22 complaints re- 4:20, both men spotted a dog and a • •,Jong said only one songbird, the el• M Y B y ported in 1991. "There is an in- small child wearing only a diaper Jonathan was rushed to Hudson Y styles „ towheaded blackbird, showed re- creased anxiety from citizens about sitting on the train tracks ahead. Hospital and then taken to St. Paul , Come in es .'••ducod populations in areas treated insecticides in general," conceded Children's Hospital for surgery. Res - • for mosquitoes. Ross Green, an agency spokesman. Nelson said they pulled the brakes cue workers tried to retrieve several , .. =:i` •'t' and blasted the whistle to warn the of his severed toes, but a hospital , However, DeJong said the study, be- Largely due to Rivkin's episode, child. The child suddenly stood up in spokeswoman said they were too cause it was narrowly defined, does Chanhassen's park and recreation the middle of the tracks. badly damaged to reattach. F L O R S I I E not, conclusively show whether the board will vote in two weeks whether *towheaded blackbird was affected to prohibit mosquito spraying at Nelson said he knew the train would • . :,, by. mosquito treatments or that Lake Ann and Lake Susan, two of the not stop in time. He climbed out of Edina: Visit our new tocss •• the:other species were not. The study city's five lakefront parks. Todd the cab and onto the drawbar on the Souchda Far • : W S h ,,was funded by the agency. Hoffman, the city's park coordinator, front of the train hoping he could But ns rnsvitle Burnsville nsvitie C Se said park officials ai`e concerned scoop up the child. But at the last u The Mosquito Control District re- about any adverse environmental ef- second, Jonathan ducked down and mains one of the largest of its kind in . fects from the spraying. The City out of Nelson's reach. The train M,wkanExpnss • I June 26, 1992 page 1 I To: Todd Hoffman Chanhassen Park Board Members From: Eric Rivkin 470 -9726 Subject Adulticide mosquito controls used in Lake Ann and Lake Susan parks Dear Todd and Members of the Park Board, Thank you for hearing the case for banning adulticides to control nuisance mosquitos In Lake Ann Park and Lake Susan Park. This letter recaps the position that t share with the Sierra Club, Audubon Society, Izaak Walton League, Human Ecology Action League, various local city, state, and park officials, and hundreds of cititzens around the metro area who have complained and succeeded in banning nuisance mosquito controls. We have been carefully scrutinizing the MMCD in the best interest of public health and welfare and environmental protection, not for political reasons. ' Unfortunately Ross Green, information director of the MMCD, used a red herring to distract us in the June 23 presentation. He may have convinced some of you that controlling nuisance mosquitos with adutticides is part of the main control strategy tor mosquito bome diseases. This is not the case. First, the concern is with just two parks, not the whole city or private land. According to MMCD policy and procedures, adutticciding is not part of a long term nuisance mosquito control program, nor is It the preferred method of mosquito disease control. Education and prevention is. As you may conclude from the evidence in this ' packet, the MMCD aduiticides themselves can be a considerable health risk. Exposure to health- threatening adutticides is far greater than exposure to diseases from mosquitos, even if spraying is done for just for one event Ks only a matter of time before more people put cause and effect together or get sick from adulticides. 1 hope you agree ft is best to err on the side of caution before it is too late. Pat Kelly, the Dept. of Agric. investigator noted in his report on the 1991 illegal adutticiding at Lake Ann that what the front office (of the MMCD] says and what they do in the field are two different things. Ross Green stated in a letter that Punt treatments were done according to the label at Lake Ann, but I found that was not true, as you can see from the punishment 1 imposed on the MMCD in the case file. !hope you also view the safety and effectiveness of the nuisance mosquito control program with healthy skepticism. 1 hope this information packet will try to objectively clear the air about any misconceptions presented before you. These findings have been discussed and endorsed with the citizen environmental groups mentioned above. ' 1f you need more information,1 will do all 1 can to help. Please call me at 470 -9726. After you get a chance to review the material,1 would like a chance to speak with each of you before the July 28 meeting. Yours truly, 1 Eric Rivkin cc: Chanhassen City Council Members r 1 Page 2 What is the issue? To my understanding, the issue Ls whether adulticide spray applications be allowed in Lake Ann Park and Lake Susan Park to control nuisance mosquitos because the safety and effectiveness of the MMCD's chemicals are in question. Adutticides can pose a real threat to human health and the environment. The MMCD does not wam the public adequately about hazards found in the labels or studies that suggest or confirms adverse effects. The people of Chanhassen should also be told that safer, environmental ahtematives to control and cope with nuisance mosquitos have worked elsewhere, and could be tried as a substitute for chemical controls. 1 A vote for banning adutticides can be: 1. A vote lQr protecting public health 2. A vote Q environmental protection 3. A vote IQ! trying safer, attemative methods of nuisance mosquito control Adutticide safety and effectiveness was also the hot topic at the annual meeting of the MMCD's Technical Advisory Board (TAB), and the MMCCommission's policy committee, which I attended. There is absolutely no evidence to suggest that adulticiding of any kind deserves any credit for the low number of encephalitis cases in the metro area, which total 17 in the entire metro area for the last 10 years, according to MnDOH statistics. Private landowners and municipalities have the right under Statute 473.704 to refuse the MMCD's nuisance mosquito control program only, not the disease -carrying mosquito program. The park board or city council can recommend going beyond an adutticide ban to include larvacides, or include other publicly owned land, restrict the use of adutticides, or require the notification to citizens and mandatory posting of treated areas. Minneapolis, Hennepin parks, DNR parks, the Mn. Valley Refuge (in Chanhassen, too), and other parks and nature areas have banned or severely restricted nuisance mosquito chemical controls. So far, few citizens have complained about the removal of mosquito controls because there hasn't been a noticeable difference. What Is nig at issue? A vote for banning adulticides in the two parks should not 1. Affect Chanhassen withdrawing from the district, or affect nuisance mosquito control programs on other public and private land in Chanhassen 2. Affect the disease - bearing mosquito control program 3. Debate the safety and effectiveness of the larvacides used to control nuisance mosquitos in Chanhassen 1 4. Involve the politics of mosquito control 1 • 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 page 3 Are mosquito -borne diseases a threat in Lake Ann and Lake Susan parks? Aedes vexans, the largest target of the MMCD's adutticiding and larvaciding program, is a nuisance mosqutto and does not transmit disease. Nuisance mosquttos will always be in abundance depending on the weather, and are not regarded as a health threat by the State Department of Health (DOH). Adult cides the MMCD uses such as Punt and Scourge are used as a temporary control to only suppress, not eradicate, adult mosquitos. Mosquito populations are suppressed for only a few days, then rise to normal again after effects wear off. Adutticide spraying is not the MMCD's control strategy for disease - carrying mosquttos, nor is this strategy endorsed by the DOH, DNR or the TAB. The MMCD does not classify Lake Ann and Lake Susan parks as risk areas for any mosquitos that may carry diseases to humans, even though Ross Green emphasized LaCrosse encephalitis existed elsewhere in Chanhassen five times, albeit before 1984. On LaCrosse encephalitis (LCE): LCE does not appear a likely threat in these two parks. Aedes biseriatus, the only mosqutto that could transmit the LCE virus, Is rarely found to carry it LCE virus is so rare in Chanhassen, that according to Dave Neitzel of the MMCD, the last LCE case in Chanhassen was 8 years ago, wtth only a total of 5 LCE cases from 1970 until 1984. Surveillance of A. biseriatus in the LCE case areas did not start until 1989. Surveillance of Lake Ann Park A. biseriatus did not start until this year. No A. btseriatus mosquitos in Chanhassen were found to have LCE virus since 1984. h may be possible, even though not likely, that those people who contracted LCE may have done so outside of Chanhassen. Only up to 5% of mosquitos In any one sample taken by the MMCD are A. triseriatus. A. triseriatus may be found in Lake Ann Park as it can be found commonly In other wooded areas, but the MMCD does not look for the virus unless someone gets infected, and then the DOH is involved in a control plan. A. triseriatus is daytime active, does not fy far from its original wooded habitat, and does not like to fly in sunlight The probability that A. triseriatus mosquitos are likely to fy from their isolated areas is very low. Another reason they are so few is that their breeding sites are so specialized. A. triseriatus breeds onty in tree holes, which can be found and filled, or artificial containers like old tires, pop cans, etc, which can be removed. The most effective control strategy is to educate citizens and eliminate breeding sites. Adutticide spraying is only used as a last resort, and has been going on in only one area in Chanhassen since 1984. To date, A. triseriatus has not been eradicated using adutticides. Lake Ann and Lake Susan parks are not classtfied as LCE risk areas. Please do not be misled to think that adutticiding for nuisance mosquitos will keep the LCE risk low, because there is little LCE risk in the two parks, and eliminating adutticiding does not affect disease control. As long as the parks and surrounding areas are free of artificial containers and tree holes, risk of contracting LCE will be extremely minimal. On Western equine encephatttis (WEE): Even more rare than LCE is WEE, rarely carried by the cattail mosquito, C. perturbans. According to the DOH and the Board of Animal Health, there have been no reported cases of WEE in Chanhassen in humans, and no cases of WEE M Carver County since 1959.1 could not find evidence that C. perturbans with WEE virus has ever been found in Chanhassen. There were less than a handful of human cases of WEE in all of the seven county district, according to the DOH. Every TAB member knows the program to control cattail mosquitos is primarily for nuisance mosquitos, not for WEE control. On Heartworm in dogs: There is no evidence that the MMCD's mosqutto control program has reduced heartworm in dogs any where in the metro area. The State Board of Animal Health (BAH) says that heartworm is not a reportable disease, so statistics are lacking. Heartworm originated from Florida, and is spreading westward. The BAH knows that every place that has many mosquttos will probably have higher heartworm rates, and there is no proof that reducing the mosquito population reduces heartworm risk. A state veterinary official saki they are certain that heartworm is nearly 100% preventable with over- the-counter medication taken as directed. The effectivity of mosquito controls to prevent heartworm is probably a tiny fraction of that at best, since mosquitos are always in abundance. On Lyme ticks: Adutticiding for nuisance mosquitos has nothing to do with control of lyrne ticks. The MMCD has only conducted tick monitoring in the metro area, and no control program exists. Researchers in Connecticut announced recently that a vaccine for Lyme disease works in mice. Even though a human version is years away, it has the potential of eradicating the disease and make a chemical control program obsolete and cost - ineffective. page 6 Are aduiticides really effective nuisance mosquito control? TAB members feel it would be an environmental catastrophe and cost prohibitive to kill all the mosquitos for the sake of comfort. The director of the MMCD, Robert Sjogren, even agrees it is 'not an eradication program'. What is the real cost in terms of our health and environmental effects of adutticides? The MMCD has drastically reduced the adutticiding program from 226,000 acres in 1990 to 22,000 acres projected for 1992, presumably because it is ineffective as a long term control, and because of concem over adverse effects expressed by the TAB. Ross Green told us that 60,000 breeding sites have been identified in the district for control treatments for nuisance mosquitos. What they don't emphasize is that nuisance mosquitos' favorite breeding spots are 6' deep natural or artificial temporary water - holding depressions. This means hundreds of thousands of puddles, gutters, containers, kiddie pools, etc. that breed billions more mosquitos that the MMCD will never 'control'. Add to that the billions of mosquitos that blow in from outside the district, and there's no wonder why mosquitos are still so plentiful. Ross Green also told us that it is policy that adutticide spraying is not done according to a schedule, but on need. Mosquito counts are done supposedly to qualify for any adutticide spraying, including special events. If the count is less than 5 bites in 5 minutes, they say they won't spray. Where is the count data that justified spraying at regular intervals at Lake Ann year after year? In Spring Brook Nature Center, where mosquito controls are now banned, larval counts reported to the Centers director could not be substantiated with supervised dip tests on several occasions. Other mosquito districts think that adutticiding is not effective. Dr. Liem, Chicago's Mosquito Abatement District director, states that' Adutticides are useless. They are harmful to people and the environment, and are not an effective means of control.` Everyone has their own tolerance threshold for mosquito bites, but does the fact that nuisance mosquitos ar lent fut in Chanhassen and its parks mean that metropolitan mosqutto control isn't working? Evidence only shows the till enough to make a difference. TAB members feet it is unrealistic for the MMCD to set the tolerance goal of 2- bites -in -5- minutes without devastating costs to our pocketbooks or the environment. In a May 27 memo, MMCD policy extended the required spray distance near fish- bearing waters from 100' to 150' from the waters edge. At Lake Ann and Lake Susan Parks, that means a huge portion of the adult mosquito wooded harborage can never be treated, making it difficult to believe that spraying the remaining foliage in the parks will make a difference in reducing mosquito populations. Citizens will bring their repellent anyway and use common sense to avoid being there at the mosquito's active time at dusk. Scientists agree that mosquito numbers are controlled by the weather, not periodic or season -long chemical control programs. Peak rain years always have sent out mosquitos at high levels in spite of 32 years of chemical warfare. (see att. chars) According to the MMCD's own data, overall A. vexans numbers haven't been reduced and there's no scientific proof that annoyance has been reduced anywhere in the metro area. • page 7 I Are there alternative nuisance mosquito control methods? There are more cost - effective and non - chemical aftematives to mosquito control involving source reduction, personal I protection, and natural predation that work already, or need more research. But efforts to move them forward are thwarted by an apparent conflict of interest. The director of the MMCD, Robert Sjogren, personalty recieves one -third royalty on limed- release formulations sold outside the district that he co- invented with our tax money. Many attempts have been made in other parts of the US, with various degrees of success, to control mosquitos without chemical insecticides, including Sjogren's I Inventions. Citizens and cities can control mosquitos in their own backyards with low cost and environmentally benign ways. Here's a summary adapted from the Massachusetts and South Cook County Mosquito Abatement District publications: I Source Reduction Eliminating places that support mosquitos, without interfering with wetland ecosystems. Maintain natural drainage patterns, eliminate temporary standing water by designing culverts and ditches better. 1 Eliminate shallow retention ponds for runoff. Give predatory fish access to areas where mosquito larvae occur. Educate people to eliminate standing water in people's own backyards, gutters, small pools. I Landscape, or clean out undesirable underbrush, to minimize harborage. Protect horses and cattle better to reduce potential blood meals. I Personal protection Build a screened porch. Wear light colored clothing. . I Don't wear perfumes outdoors. Stay inside in early morning and evening. There are non -toxic repellents that are chemical -free or DEET -free, like Safe 'n Free and Bug -tiff. I The new citrosa plant was bred to repel mosquitos. Natural Predators I Building habitats for tree swallows for thousands of these mosquito -eating machines have been so successful in Salisbury Massachusetts, that six more nearby towns also are putting up hundreds of swallow habitats and banned chemical mosquito controls. (See att. article) Chanhassen Parks could co- ordinate a project with materials and labor donated by local businesses, citizens, and scout troops. I Encourage other natural predators, like bats, dragonflies, and purple martins who all eat a steady diet of mosquitos, if that's the food available. Williston, ND and Camp Ripley erected bat houses with plans 1 recommended by DNRs. Stock small ponds with fish that eat mosquitos Larvae. I Build nesting sites for ducks that eat mosquito larvae like mallards and wood ducks. Eliminate toxic runoff from lawn chemicals so that salamanders, frogs, and songbirds, can thrive to eat both larval and adult mosquitos in our wetlands and backyards. 1 1 1 1 1 1 page 8 I Who Else is concerned? After exhaustive research over the last several years, local environmental groups and I were able to collect enough facts about the true safety and effectiveness of the Metropolitan Mosquito Control District (MMCD's) program that 1 1- Convinced the legislature to pass a taw this session, authored by Senator Gen Olsen, that put a cap on the wasteful spending of the MMCD, and made legislators aware of the severe lack of accountability of this agency. 1 2- Convinced former Senator Don Storm to introduce a bill that tried to stop the MMCD from wasting 3.1 million dollars on a new headquarters in St. Paul at a time when budgets were supposed to be cut, and there was a 27% unoccupancy rate. 3- Convinced Senator Johnston and Rep. Kelso to sponsor bills for an adequate notification system to forewarn concemed citizens of the health hazards of mosquito pesticides before they are applied. 4 - Convinced the Minneapolis Park Board to unanimously give strong vocal support to outlaw nuisance mosquito control from all 6400 acres of city Land and parks. The MMCD director, Robert Sjogren, infuriated the park board by challenging their decision on the TV news by calling It a political, rather than a scientifically based decision. He also failed to show up at the park board meeting he wanted to discuss it. 5- Convinced many other metro area parks, cities, and individual citizens to refuse nuisance mosquito control chemicals, using rights guaranteed under Minnesota Statute 473.704. Through the county commission, two city councils in Maplewood and Forest Lake, may go beyond a mere ban and consider opting out of the district altogether, saving their citizens hundreds of thousands in property taxes that could be used to solve real problems, not wasted killing bugs. Programs like protecting natural resources, improving parks and recreation, 1 or help for the poor. 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 June 22, 1992 I The following twin city metropolitan area scientists, park and public officials have questioned the MMCD's nuisance mosquito control program's safety and effectivity. Feel free to contact them and educate yourself. I Parks or municipalities which ban or severely restrict nuisance mosquito chemical controls: Park System or Municipality Contact Phone Controls Banned DNR State Parks, various wildlife Lee Pfanmuller. head of 296 -0783 All chemical controls I management areas ecological services Mn. Valley National Wildlife Refuge, Chanhassen Mary Mitchell, biologist 854 -5900 All chemical controls 1 Minneapolis, Parks and City land Al Singer, environ. co -ord. 348 -2226 All chemical controls Jeff Lee 348 -4448 Lilydale Park, St. Paul Lynn Wolf, St. Paul Parks 292 -7428 All chemical controls I Hidden Falls Park, St. Paul All adulticides Crosby Farm Park, St. Paul Margie Kline, Park naturalist 292 -6548 All chemical controls Hennepin Parks Tom McDowell 476 -4663 All adulticides, and I larvacides allowed on basis of dip count City of Maplewood Gary Bastian, Mayor 770 -1786 To be determined 1 Char Brooker, IZAKS 777 -4945 City of Forest Lake Roger Johnson, DNR Regional Wildlife Mgr. 772 -7942 To be determined I Camp Ripley, Minn. N/A All chemical controls replaced with bats Salisbury, Mass. + 6 other towns Barbara Thomas, All chemical controls I Selectwoman 508- 462 -8860 replaced with tree Robert Eden 508 - 465 -9364 swallows Spring Brook Nature Center, Fridley Siah St. Clair 784 -3854 All chemical controls I Woodlake Nature Center, Richfield Karen Shanberg 861 -9365 All chemical controls Carlos Avery Wi ldlife Center Roger Johnson 772 -7942 All chemical controls Dodge Nature Center Eloise Dietz 455 -4531 All chemical controls Other Good Contacts Phone Ron Lawrenz, biologist, Science Museum 433 -5953 Jim Cooper, U of M wildlife biologist 624 -1223 Art Hawkins, biologist, USFWS 429 -3642 Michael Dejong, biologist, U of St. Thomas 647 -5320 John Denis, Hennepin County Board Chair I Senator Terry Johnston 445 -5340 Representative Becky Kelso 445 -6658 Senator Gen Olson 296 -1282 I Senator John Marty, Roseville 296 -5645 Former Senator Don Storm, Edina Senator Gene Mirriam, Coon Rapids 296 -4154 I Rep. Brad Stanius, White Bear Lake 296 -5363 Senator Pat Pariseau, Farmington 463 -8496 Bob Long, St. Paul City Council 298 -4473 I Naomi Loper, Mpls Park Bd. 348 -2226 Annie Young, Mpls Park Bd. 348 -2226 Walter Bratt, Mpls Park Bd. 348 -2226 I Bob Dunn, Chair of EQB Joan Galli, DNR non -game bat expert 297 -2277 1 772., ✓ S 3 ✓,vC ✓ c.Y �- R Yz i 1 Mosquito control • The Audubon Chapter of Minneapo-" • lis and the Bluebird Recovery Pro-'. gram of Minnesota wish to commend - the recent decision of the Park Board,- following the recommendations of, park biologists, to suspend furthef • mosquito control attempts by the Metropolitan Mosquito Control Dis- trict (MMCD). The Minnesota Val-.`-. ley National Wildlife Refuge also • made the same decision to withhold: mass chemical controls, to resume' only if mosquito densities become extreme or mosquitoes are found to be carrying diseases. These important decisions don't make the all- powerful MMCD hap- py, but they reflect increasing doubts • not only about the effectiveness of • such applications (weather patterns.. and water conditions are still the g basic regulators) but also the envi- - ronmental safety on songbirds and - waterfowl. The Mosquito Control f District has been evasive in publiciz- ing the negative potentials of present• mosquito control measures even:, t though directed by the Legislature to - invest in such research. 1 We believe that, until further definif , tive research has been done, and un -•: t less human health is threatened,. t mass chemical mosquito control ef-- I forts should be not be employed. — I Dorene H. Scriven, board member • Audubon Chapter of Minneapolis, . • and field representative, Bluebird Re-, cover}• Program of Minnesota. " • A ►.J.... Mme_ a. �►��a� -. 1 1 1 Papa 2 Gaoramo n Record ►tareh 12,1992 IA natural alternative offered for mosquito control • Are you being bugged by - - r , Hader jctn (quos? it Or are the costs and ^ ::; ' 1� Massachusetts the urisdi Departiomeof nt the of of the existing methods -. -- Health mospuito control getting . He raid he ez ects House Bill er your skin? `' ,:,' : 55O, submitted by Joseph Main- • Two brothers in Salisbury _ `' ' -_,'1:-,.,••-••• s ' r• tyre (D, New Bedford) to be ., ._... ,- �, 1 ., , .- passed this year. eve made an offer to the Town i Georgetown because they feel —'- - - Last year, Georgetown had an ongly that the existing method r • ; x,- _ i - p +�,� -4 article on the Town Meeting war - f spraying chemicals to eradi- / 4e; _•- rant in June advocating the with - tats mosquitos has been causing • = - . s= l- .. draws! of the town from the more harm than good. r : _ Essex County Mosquito Control Herman and Robert Eaton �* , : : a ve offered 100 free bird houses Y �} �•' - �Supporiera of the spraying pro- Georgetown to help alleviate J gram warned the voters of the = ~ dangers of equine encephalitis t e mosquito problem in town by — , encouraging the return of tree _ t i being transmitted by mosquitos, I In the past six years, they have _ • and the article was defeated. ode and distributed 1.200 bird ;''� r - c An activist in the proposal to f : . , r eliminate chemical spraying, Dr. oases to the towns of Seabrook i • :' - -° s : . Theodora F. Capaldo of West � : ".. New Hampshire, and Salisbury, g,. � Street, said, "Part of my concern Massachusetts. Last week, they ti _� _ - —� at the Town Meeting last year ■ I ve 100 to neighboring Rowle • s' g g 3 A= � it-x, , F .s was that both sides of the issue use in the marshlands to con- x .4' .� 1 mosquitos and greenbeads. were not presented in a fair and s x = ' ' rational way. l feel the town has They will give 50 structures, ;`^� -._•+ i - a be en short- changed" each with two "apartments". The a+. . , She sent the selectmen two con must provide the SO poles to ' ? r : studies citing the hazards and old 1be houses d must install ti : unpredictability ofthe use the : ' {-Y ! - - unpred malat of th r se of t to em. The poles should be stan- �' r ,, = E ard 2 x 3 lumber, eight feet long. Y control. In exchange for the gift of bird- ' - ' • I Walter Montgomery, the Ess1 Douses, the Eatons want the town Bird protectors — brothers herman and Robert Eaton of Salisbury show a sample of the tree swallow County Mosquito Control Distric. withdraw from the Essex i o x houses they are offering to surrounding communities to representative, said he could ounty Mosquito Control Pro produce a room full he d ct. are some of the birds carved by Robert showing that malathion is safe s 'There's no sense putting them when used properly. in if you're going to keep spray- Montgomery emphasized the g "Robert Eaton said. young birds, the parents fee at come up through the marshes houses. dangers of encephalitis carried The brothers started with 50 high altitudes and great dis• and eat the insects," said. The Eaton brothers have a let- by mosquitos. irdhouses in the wooded area tances from their nests. When "The bunters went out to shoot ter of appreciation from the Ralph Temperi, Assistant ear Salisbury Beach is 1983. the eggs hatch, the parents feed them by the thousands. You Town of Seabrook for their help Commissioner of Massachusetts "You couldn't stand to be out- close to the birdhouse. could get 1 1/2 cents for a small in reducing the greenhead prob- Department of Public Health, side in that area when we first Through another quirk of man• bird and 10 cents for a duck in lem. said Essex County is not classi- eat there. We went back the fol- aged ecology, the swallows' bird those days. Theodore Py+rberg picked up fled as a risk area for encephali- wing year with 50 more houses, houses cannot be located close to • "After the birds were hunted 100 birdhouses from the Eatons tis, but it is not impossible that d people came out and bugged human dwellings, since that is out, you couldn't got into the last week for the Town Of Row- cases may appear here. . They told us they were able to where the English sparrows con- marshes anymore for the bugs. ley. He said two cases had been re- go outside during the greenhead gregate. These small, seemingly "Then the WPA came in during He agrees with the Eatons that ported in the county but were be- t ason for the first time since inoffensive sparrows were im- the '30s and started cutting than- natural methods ofinsectcontrol lieved to have been contracted in e ey lived there, "Herman said. ported into this area many years nels in the marshes from Maine should be used rather than New Hampshire. "This is the way to go. They ago. to Florida. Tbey ruined the natu- chemical spraying. Capaldo said, "I have spent a lear up everything. They eat The birdhouses for the swat- ral filtering ability of the marsh- "We have to give up the spray- lot of time looking into this issue. their weight in flying insects lows cannot be in the same feed- es and killed the clams." lag and get back to nature and I worked with a group of•advo- . every day," Robert said. ing area as the sparrows, be- He then described bow the start over," he said "I've lived Bates, mostly mothers, who were r bey went on to describe the cause those smaller birds enter government started using DDT to through the DDT era, but then successful in eliminating the sual nesting habits of the the swallows' birdhouses when kill the insects, but the insecti• along came malatbion. They've program in Newburyport swallow. the parents are out gathering side killed more than the target done tremendous damage to the "In this environmental age, I They fly right by us now," food, and they kill the young insects, and the birds disap- environment." think it's time to stop taking risks Robert said. "I remember when birds. peered. Pyrberg has been fotlowingthe with our children and our own ii. ey were all over the place here, Therefore, the swallow homes "These people don't under - course of the withdrawal of area health. I encourage Georgetown !the spraying has driven them must be scattered around remote stand nature," Robert said. communities from the Essex to err oa the side ofsafety" • fields and marshes to protect "We've been driving away the County Mosquito Control Pro- Selectman John Olszewski When there is a favorable eavi• them from the sparrows. birds for 50 years. tram for years. He watched the said, "Ws not just a matter of the ronment for them, he said, the The Eatons have been working "We'd like to get every town first town, Essex, get out in 1976. health hazard; there's a110 a birds usually appear on April 5 on the sea and in the rural areas around here to vote out this Since then Boxford, Newbury- question of whether the spraying li en they locate the birdhouses all their lives, and they have spraying program. The Town port and Amesbury have with - works" d fly sway, presumably back been studying the habits of the Meeting has to vote it out" drawn. Georgetown paid abeut$20,000 uth where they wintered. At wildlife through a combined pe- He recommended that a per- He is enthusiastically in sup- to remain in the Essex County e end of June, they return to riod of 14 decades. petual care be established simi- port of a bill in the state legisla- program this year. The state used the housesandlay "Years ago, fanners and lar to that used at cemeteries. ture that will put the responsibil- to subsidize this expense, but l Between the time the eggs are hunters used to cut the marsh The interest from the fund would ity and supervision of the insect now the towns carry the entire id and the hatching of the grass, and shoal birds used to be used to maintain the bird- control program in the state burden. 7- 0 rt4 Gam? , , c°. c44- N7 _'44:6 • 4' �.� •E,c , �c.r_ EN r NIP NE Me Inter - t . ` .►- ,t QMY dustry to ...S...„‘,/,04,,,.. sT A - 4 i . and tech - think his �� ASS t: ' quarterly ` r S i yi : . I, orderly ut , � • . • A , x ; k I cooking 1! , i, L TO THE E DITOR ' ^ 1' et t p , + . e future. let of an lapel has ' • • is To reader Mosa uito Control District a pest ,t aking sea it disrup- I ate my breakfast on a recent ing pros- morning to the sounds of the mili- y sue tary maneuvers of the Metro Mos - Go ne in States quito Control District's helicopters. tr apen Its amazing to me that this agency ot continues to prosper. I don't like cr negotia- 1 missed that $10 million of our property YE taxes are invested in this agency m ti energy every year. Its budget went up over 1u een 1973 300 percent in the 1980s. Yet there by ent. That are still plenty of mosquitoes ot d release around all summer. ex Further, I believe this agency is pa idemy of doing serious damage to our envi- wi ng to the ced z0 to ronment. The argument that the pesticides used are "organic" or "natural" or "biologically compati- t2000. ble" is irrelevant. What is relevent ear ear 20 es is that the pesticides kill mosquito pollution. larvae, which are a necessary A • Ureic inference • source of food for ducks and other sm. wildlife. What is relevant Is that re the pesticides used to kill adult ri( - - mosquitoes are fog - sprayed over lo: 226,000 acres in the metro area. pr What is relevant is that many of vi( the pesticides used have not been m; adequately tested for safety to the ca . environment. do It's long overdue that citizens of nit the metro area require a cease -fire do red from this agency. Let's spend our the I$10 million per year on more con- fai structive activities. S MICHELE BURLEW act NORTH OAKS De del 11 pei • ` Tax- saving idea col , 11 Minnesota legislators could save me . - .nesotans a billion dollars or hol msw. In foriara1 fawn: ho roiainn all ..n• . • Week of. Ma 12,,1986 ..Vol.,; 3, No. 6 µ ,,. SECT luN M TWO: , y .'4< r .. 4,t 4v yu ., .. ,r t bird' more tharf a s� sta e � • Ut i n n esota - pest . / - • . LaCrosse encephalitis "'tfl» ~ -r Contro • caused nightmare r4 4 *•. 4 , .�: ', ,. .. -. tree -ho - • ,� . for two , i mosqui . ,,yap .t - (Editor's note:. The following Becky's 31- year -old d ' ' ", • . i by Tom Ratzloff - -.. - - -^-- - cases are true. We have chang- Amy, was bitten by one of these '" ' . , .. ` ; I ' "0' , * How much should we worry ed the names of the individuals shade - loving mosquitos and con- M. ' M' " ' ' Net', ', : ti` r f y N;. . t ► . • about tree -hole mosquitos and t , + . involved to protect their !meted LaCrosse encephalitis, a ,., ,rl. t , � ., .r ,,,, +- . fi privacy.) relatively rare but potentially 4 ., ,4;.+ � .4. �� + importantly, ines what can we do to lethal viral disease. The little , . '' •'' ' . I � ► ii•, LaCrosse encephalitis? More ��' prevent spread of the v? by Tom Ratzloff girl's subsequent illness left her (w , ', ' • ` }' ,.. , . , Five cases of LaCrosse Spring is the great liberator a quadriplegic requiring cons- "he , f4y , � `n ,�_ ' t r n .. ► .41r' • encephalitis were identified in for winter -weary Minnesotans. tart care. ali":Ils ,r : 4 } F {{ o 1 ‘ . • ` 41%. Minnesota last year, according hey. r 1i l , r Y ' t ∎ ■ f..M.t Warm weather and tender "Our daughter went to the r , " , x n . � ,' 01 t ,i. i ..A ::y , ` �, ,) to C Hedberg, + t+; b.. %r �� , . %. . . „V � , ., ? ,. epidemiologist for the Min- a multitude of outdoor activetres.. nursery school physt cal " Paul � , .. fi 4 A '1 e green grass ' s heralds the start of doctor on Tuesday for apre- '' ' ` $r i � , c a r ' a'3 , f neso Department of Health. In 1 . Sy , , Frisbees, long walks in the park, said "She was perfectly ,,�, ,` ,� • _ r at ` , 't,' a° 4� , ..” t.' . i ., • , 1984, seven de. cases were reported outdoor barbecues — there are healthy. 'There were no pro- ; ; r - .. . . ,� ' \ / co reasons to abandon in-. blems whatsoever. On Friday, ta „-,; ;�} Given the relatively small door chores and bolt outs ids. she started showing flu -lik � :' • 7i',i,� te -. number of � °� cases, But to Paul and Becky, a symptoms and by Saturday � r • . I , ., � ', � � "' ; '.q • , . ' ':' r , ‘ :. , '! 6 ;..'- ‘ Hedberg said the disease has a. . young couple from rural Dakota evening she was in a coma. It ti' f t , x .. „,".i.1,',.- ` t ... ,� , i' . , . ' • . smaller potential impact upon County, the presence of balmy happened that fast." the population than other May temperatures and soggy When she suddenly had a ' - Phut by ran Rabb. diseases, such as the better' woodlands surrounding their seizure on the second day of her Todd Evans, a field krspecbr tor the Metropolitan Mosquito Corte known Weser encephalitis, colonial -style home also means illness, Amy was rushed to the trot District, fills a potential breeding site gyp on 5 tree with sum mosquito famous a different the prelude to Minnesota's in- St. Paul Children's Hospital wool rock. Evans a nd other Af111ACD workers wound the wooded famous mosquito season. And to intenssiveeare unit. Doctors in- This is not to diminish the in- them, it means the beginning of itially checked her for Reyes area In Dakota County where • case of LaCrosse encephalitis portance of the disease, a season of fear. Syndrome and for other forms of was reported lest year. . Hedberg noted. As in Amy's The object of their dread is a encephalitis — which literally ' • case, LaCrosse encephalitiy can -- particular mosquito—nicknam- means inflammation of the. measures to kbep her agve,'ad- weeks," he said. .!'We thought • haw. devastating effects. It ed "Old Si versides" because of brain. Fearing that she had cording to Paul: "She spent we'd leas her." seems- particularly insidious its large! sine and distinctive herpes encephalitis, . they at three weeks with two bolts in her Although their daughter's con. since it usually occurs in . silver markings. Commonly tempted a brain biopsy but forehead," he recalled. "She dition gradually stabilized, Paul children from 2 to 18 years of called the "tree -hole" mosquito, could not make a firm diagnosis. was also on a respirator andbad and Becky soon discovered that age, it is found in woodland areas in The physicians later determined two IVs — one for meds and one the acute and prolonged swell- The average mescal cost for . Dakota, Hennepin, Scott and the LaCrosse encephalitis for glucose." ing of Amy's brain had reduced treating the disease is approx- Carver counties where there is diagnosis after prolonged Doctors induced a deep coma proper blood circulation and imately $20,000, according to stagnant water, such as in rotted testing. in an effort to reduce the caused a large degree of health department figures. tree holes, discarded tires, cans The little girl's' condition brig in the brain, and the parents neurological damage. Amy's father said her medical and other receptacles. steadily deteriorated and sloe- maintained a bedside vigil, Paul DISEASE: T o P SA MOSOUITO: To Page 5A c.,.,•,..., - Pat,' Aewl tors had to employ drastic said. "We watches monitors for • Disease: `Tree -hole' - • breeding sites can be eliminated From through public education." usually prefers a hole near the woods and won't breed in bright, less effective since they can Page 1A • • • base of a tree, it will also use sunlit areas. Sjogren said it is a crack or expand and make a bills totalled *140,000. ' The scientific name for the mos- anything that holds water', in- homebody and seldom strays hole larger — in effect, creating Although diagnostic tests quito in question is Aedesr eluding cans, bottles, old tires farther than a quarter -mile a new breeding site. typically take weeks or months triseriatus, one of 51 different and other refuse. from its home. It also prefers Although most people think to confirm, Hedberg said a new species of mosquitos currently Such containers must have an low altitudes and usually breeds spraying is the most natural procedure introduced last year found in Minnesota. Because of accumulation of leaves and within seven or eight feet of the solution to the tree -hone mos- has shortened the process. When its natural breeding habitat, it's other organic debris to be at ground. quito problem, Sjogren said us- someone contracts the vines, . simply called the tree -hole tractive to the egg - laying iveen such predictable and ing insecticides to control Aedes physicians can only treat the mosquito. female. The eggs are laid s ugly localized behavior, the tree -hole triseriatus is basically time - symptoms such as fever and in- This mosquito lives and on the sides of the containers, • mosquito's breeding areas are consuming, expensive and not flammation. And since the breeds primarily in the hard - just above the water surface. relatively easy to find and very effective. He reiterated disease is relatively rare, no wood forests of southeastern Later rains submerge' the eggs destroy, according to Sjogren. that community clean -up pro- vaccine will likely be developed, Minnesota, which is why the _ and the larvae then hatch. Lar• The best times for clean-up grams are the most effective • according to Hedberg. disease occurs almost exclusive- vae complete their development tasks is early spring or after the means of reducing the chances On a more positive note, ly in that part of the state. The in about three weeks and can be first killing frost in the fall. of LaCrosse encephalitis. Hedberg said the disease can be affected area takes in a band of found in their breeding sites Property owners should But even if tree -hole breeding effectively controlled by counties along the lover from • late May through eliminate all trash from their areas were totally eliminated, elimination of breeding sites In Mississippi River from the Twin September. yards, ditches and wooded the number of mosquitos buzz - wooded areas. "It's a disease Cities to the Iowa border; Sjogren said that 5 to 20 per- areas, advised Sjogren. Holes in ing around a typical backyard people can feel good about, in however, isolated cases have cent of the eggs will be infected trees and stumps can be effect would not decline noticeably, that our actions can affect the been reported in central and with the LaCrosse encephalitis lively eliminated as breeding Sjogren said, since the tree -hole onset of the illness," he said. northeastern parts of the state. virus. It's estimated that one out sites by stuffing them with gyp- mosquito is only one of 51 Dr. R.D. Sjogren, director et Sjogren said the mosquito lays of 500 to 1,000 people who are bit- sum wool rock, a common in- species native to this state. the Metropolitan Mosquito Con- its eggs in small stagnant pools ten by a virus- infected mosquito sulating material. The wool rock However, he said, the majority trol District (MMCD), agrees. of water that collect in old will display clinical symptoms can be applied to wet or dry of mosquitos belong to a "Control is the key word," he stumps, hollow trees, and any ranging from mild to severe. holes. When it gets wet, it will relatively harmless "pest" said. "This is a disease that is small notch, crack or cavity that The tree - hole mosquito harden, sealing the hole. Ce- species. relatively. easy_ to prevent collects rain water. Although it prefers dense, heavily shaded ment and other materials are INE M M I I • M MI IMO MO • • NM MI 1 IIIM • MI IIIIIII MI MN M MI • MB • I MI k ..., .' •. 5A Mo Family carries battle to the state From Page 1A ago their 4-year-old daughter wake her up," Deanne said. transmits the LaCrosse vines ' the MMCD continues to monitor Kerry came down with "She was stiff, her eyes were and they surveyed our woods to • it to ensure that it is safe. The She couldn't chew or even LaCrosse encephalitis. Although rolling back into her head.' locate its breeding spots." abandoned junkyard has been swallow and she had to be fed she did not suffer permanent At that point, the parents Charles Beasley is an MMCD cleaned up, and Deanne and with a tube into her stomach," brain damage, the virus af- wrapped her in a blanket and foreman and supervises field ac-. Mike have mounted a Becky said. "Her reflexes were fected her fine motor skills, a rushed her to an area hospital. tivities for combatting the tree- neighborhood clean -up cam - at a lower level than they were Condition that took nearly two After a week of constant hole mosquito and LaCrosse paign to eliminate potential when she was born." years to reverse through inten- monitoring, Kerry finally began encephalitis in the seven-county breeding sites. They were also Seeing their daughter in such sive physical therapy. to improve. Her temperature area. After Kerry's illness was instrumental in getting the a condition was devastating, ac- In July 1984, the family moved returned to normal and she reported, he made weekly visits Chanhassen City Council to cording to Paul and Becky. to their new Chanhassen home began to be responsive again. to the Chanhassen home to adopt an ordinance in 1985 aim - Here we had a little girl who which, like Paul and Becky's But her bout with the virus left reduce further risks from the ed at combatting the tree -hole ran and skipped and talked and house, is nestled in thick woods. her dazed and listless for some disease. ' mosquito. If breeding sites are now she can't walk. She can't One morning near the end of time, according to her mother. "The first thing we did was to found person's property, even crawl," Paul said. • August, Kerry told her mother "Before she got sick, she was P g go out and look at the area," on a moron he the owner or tenant can be fined After her discharge from St that she had a headache and a perfectly healthy 4- year -old,', said. "We wanted to see what $500 for each offense. Paul Children's Hospital, Amy didn't feel well. she said. "When we finally took breeding sites were there." "I don't think le know was taken to Gillette Hospital in • "I gave her some liquid her back home, she didn't know They quickly discovered that that mosquitos people ' Minna lis for rehabilitation osquie said. aren t just po Tyleral and told her to lay down who her father was at first. She the six -acre woods surrounding pests," Deanne said. "They can and physical therapy. In and rest for awhile," Deanne was just out of it." Deanne and Mike's home used be deadly. We could have lost January, she finally returned recalled. "I figured it was the Su blood tests reveal- to be a dumping area years our daughter, all because of a home. She continues to receive start of a cold or maybe the flu. ed that Kerry had contracted earlier. They found old tires and mosquito that can be controlled physical therapy and is making She slept all afternoon and when LaCrosse encephalitis. "At that other items hidden in the under- by people cleaning up their some progress, her mother she awoke around 4 p.m., she point I didn't know how she had brush — perfect breeding sites " reports. She is able to be spoon - had a 106•degree fever and gotten the disease," Deanne for the tree -hole mosquito. Deanne is carrying her battle fed and recently has begun ex- started vomiting." said. The MMCD fogged and against mosquitos to the State tending one of her hands. Never - The next morning, they went After contacting the Min- sprayed the entire area and set Legislature. She has begun lob- - theless, Amy's future is, at best, to their family doctor who nesota s Denartment of Health, out traps to monitor subsequent _ tying legislators and govern - uncertain, according to Paul. checked Kerry and noticed that department investigators and tree -hole mosquito, activity. ment officials to address the "Technically she is still in a her blood test revealed an field workers from the "After a two-week period, we problem. "If I have one purpose light coma," he said. elevated white count. The physi- Metropolitan Mosquito Control found very few eggs," he said. in life, I'm going to get a O O O clan could not make a diagnosis, District (MMCD) visited their "We sprayed again and found no statewide mosquito law on the Deanne and Mike also know however, and advised the home. "They were wonderful eggs." books and get people to listen. the helpless terror of watching a parents to take her back home and so responsive," Deanne Since the area has been iden- It's basically a matter of public child battle a mysterious, life- and watch her fora couple days. said. "They told me about the tified as a likely breeding site, _ education," she said. threatening illness. Two years "Three days later we couldn't tree -hole mosquito that ' . . - v 1 Metropolitan Mosquito • Control District agrees Mosquito g i within a few feet of the shoreline. to pay $1000 for improper "After sampling, my hands were greasy u if I had eaten popcorn," 1 spraying at Lake Ann Park Kelly noted is his report, "I washed my hands after sampling and put on gloves for the next sample," By B Thomas Lis g samples, Kelly I Asa result of improperly applied -; - .-"°'" —:- .. ited the After MMCD termined that osquito pesticide at Lake Ann Park - ;kra3 _ = m the pesticide used at the park was last June, the Metropolitan Mosquito 41, : " , 4 1 1Ra ' t•: '' Punt 57 -OS, a general -use product Control District (MMCD) has paid a ' :.� . - - designed to control adult mosquitoes. N. 51000 fine and agreed not to commit :: � '' *- _ { Kelly noted that this pesticide is ap- the violation again. « *'f MOP A ' proved for recreational areas, parks On June 12, 1991, after visiting , - f ~ . and woodlands. Lake Ann Park with his two children, =- ' - • .' However, state pesticide regula- Chanhassenrssident Eric Rivkin filed • ' +� tions do not allow treatment within a confidential complaint with the state 'Y _' - 100 feet of water: This regulation is m Department of Agriculture alleging i - i designed to prevent the pesticide from the improper use of pesticides by the ti j . . draining or drifting into water be- MMCD. # --- cause of its potential harmful effect The Minnesota Department of '-• , - t on fish The warning label on Punt Agriculture (MDA) has enforcement _ • i . 57-OS says, "'Ibis pesticide is highly oversight over the application of pes- ��... -�- ; 1 toxic to fish. Do not apply to any body tieides. of water or wetlands... Drift and run - On Dec. 6 1991 after months of 1 f ." • i off from treated areas may be hazard - • investigation and discussions, the '+`" r+R' t . ous to aquatic organisms in treated MMCD acknowledged the violations - _ areas. and agreed to pay a $ 1000 fine and "to • _ = _ • - Kelly introduced photographic refrain from committing the viola- _ _ .„: evidence of a pan fish spawning area • Lion" spin, according to MDA docu- tk ii"= . near treated vegetation. meats. {{.. -�, Based on its determination of the Additionally, a representative of Y M -Z=- ".1 ." -t alleged facts, the MDA informed the - the MMCD was ordered to speak on ` �'`- - MMCD that it was prepared to file a the importance of complying with Vii'. ` .F ' ' a ' �• civil suit in Hennepin County District j the Minnesota Pesticide Law" at the = - _ __,''i:'z Court, arguing that the MMCD used group's pesticide recertification work- "a pesticide in a manner that is incon- shop held this last Feb., using the Eric Riv)dn stands amid the prairie sistent with a label or labeling..." °o Chanhassen incident as a case study. shq n Us yard last Amer, However, the MMCD agreed with 1 hope they've learned their les• y after the mosquito•spray- the findings in the complaint and the son," said Rivkin, 40, a self - employed tag bcMent at Lake Aan Park left remedies outlined by the MDA, end - business consultant, adding the he him and his young son feeling M. ins the threat of the civil law suit remains skeptical of the MMCD. (File photo) - "In essence, what happened is that The MMCD complied with all a seasonal employee was spraying off 1 terms and the case was closed on Feb. 7, suffered from similar symptoms the back of an all- terrain vehicle. He 26, 1992. "Sean was dizzy and had to lie [throttled down to make a turn but did' "My kids and I were playing Fria- down," Rivkin said, noting that the not turn off the sprayer," explained 1 bee at Lake Ann Park when I noticed boy usually doesn't tale naps on Ross Green, public information di -, an odor. I started feeling nauseous summer days. - reao7 of the MMCD. "We didn't do it and got a headache. I traced the smell After Rivkin filed his complaint, to oily stuff on leaves. We went home Patrick Kelly, an MDA investigator, correctly. We've since stepped up our I Rivkin related. _ and washed clothes," visited Lake Ann Park on June 13, observation so that this won't happen ` discovering evidence of spraying again. According to Rivkin, his son, Sean, MOSQUITO to page 7 • 1 C- I �5 Fi L - 3 I - 0 l P F t jti4Tols HRir ;E.6-LA 1 Re.D T � D 1 Thursday, March 19, 199 -- Chanhassen Villager— Page 7 1 1 According to a consortium of concerned groups, including the Si- erra Club, Minnesota Herbicide Coa- lition and the Izaak Walton League, at Bill proposed least 15 percent of all residents are chemically sensitive, and many people 1 requiring advanced an become seriously ill from expo- warning of spraying sure to mosquito pesticides. • In a related action, State Rep. These groups have been =calm- p ing information sheets which support I Becky Kelso, a third term DFLer who the prior - notification rule, the posting represents Chanhassen, Prior Lake, c notices and a minimizing of the • Shakopee and Savage, has written a use of pesticides in public placers. bill that would require the commis- Without waiting for passage of sioner of agriculture to establish rules Kelso's bill, Todd Hoffman, Chan , to provide "potentially affected per- hassen Park and Recreation Director, sons notice of spraying." Her bill has contacted the MMCD to discuss would also require that signs be posted advance notification before the spray - 1 in and around the treated areas warn- ing season begins. ing against the potential health haz- "VV want to know in advance ards for people and pets exposed to when they will be spraying in asan- tbe residual pesticides. Currently, there " Hoffman said. "We also want I is no advance notification or posting signs posted notifying citizens of the requirements. treated areas." "Ibe bill did not receive a hearing Hoffman noted that the city does in the Agriculture Committee," Kelso not have the resources to monitor I said. "However, I am committed to treatment in order to guarantee that these provisions because I believe ,u spraying regulations are observed people have a right to Imow when without prior notification. possibly harmful pesticides are being • "We stmmply are not in a position I Kelso indicated that she would ' to monitor all the other governmental either offer a revised version of her agencies active in Chanhassen. But 1ems, our ears have been perked now that we are aware of these prob- I bill as an amendment to another bill, she would reintroduce it next see- up," sion. Hoffman observed 'The committee chair said that Hoffman said that with proper, t be controversial and advance notification, $ would be much this bill might easier to have a Community Service I take time to study," Kelso explained Officer or other city employee visible But she asserted that the bill is reason- when mosquitoes are being treated on able and would not cause any undue public property. inconvenience, and consequently Rivkin has insisted that regard- ' ' would receive a fair bearing. less of the legislation, be has informed "I know that quite a f e w people the MMCD that he wants to be noti- are sensitive to pesticides. These fled before treatment is done in Chan - provisions would address their needs," bassen and parts of the Minnetonka 1 Kelso noted - • 1 . - • 1 1 ` Why should there be a law to Lack ef Safety Assurances 1 Citizens ought to feel secure that mosquito pesticides are tested 1 prevent unwanted exposure to and safe, yet there is no evidence that all ingredients have been mosquito control pesticides? a1si9r fully tested safe for humans. Their hazardous effects have not been revealed. The MMCD boasts that their pesticides have EPA registration, and therefore should be presumed safe. In fact, EPA I registration is not a measure of safety, according to U.S. The Metropolitan Mosquito Control District (MMCD) tries to congressional testimony by the New York State Attorney reduce mosquito annoyance, its main mission, with a chemical General. EPA registration merely means that required tests were control program costing taxpayers $9-$12 million a year in the 1 7-county metro area. conducted so the product will "perform its intended function without unreasonable adverse effects on the environment ". The MMCD would like people to believe that Registration does not require that full environmental or human mosquito control is safe as well as effective. They carefully health effects studies be done. 1 word their stories to avoid giving complete information about According to a 1989 EPA ruling which affects the program. No scientific evidence exists that the nuisance thousands of pesticides, active ingredients have to be reassessed, mosquito control program reduces annoyance. Mosquitos are then re- registered with the EPA. The ruling stems from the not the only victims of such a program. FIFRA ammendment and from fraudulent tests conducted by 1 Some of these victims are citizens are concerned about Industrial Bio -test Labs, shut down in 1990. Ingredients in massive pesticide spraying around their homes and parks. pesticides used by the MMCD (resmethrin, permethrin, and Since medical experts say that at least 15% of our population is piperonyl butoxide) are on the EPA's "B" list requiring 1 chemically sensitive, many people can, or have become reassessment and re- regisration. Because the test data is suspect, seriously ill from exposure to mosquito pesticides. The State the MMCD should suspend the use of these pesticides until Department of Natural Resources reports that the 1991 Green re-registration is complete. To do otherwise may compromise the 1 Index ranks our state as the fourth worst in terms of pesticide health and safety of metro area citizens. • use per capita -10.8 pounds per person. Mosquito control is "Inert" ingredients, which may constitute up to part of this toxic brew of pesticides from lawns, houses, 99.8% of the pesticides, have no adequate health testing. The gardens, and agriculture. nature of these inerts are protected by trade secret and need not 1 An effective notification system does not exist. be disclosed to the EPA or the public. The National Coalition In spite of increasing health complaints, innocent bystanders Against Misuse of Pesticides (NCAMP) reported in 1985 that in our parks, homes, and public waters are at risk of exposure some inert ingredients, including those found in mosquito 1 when notice is not given about the presence of mosquito abatement pesticides, may actually be as toxic, or more so, than pesticides. This includes larvacides spread in the water, but the active ingredients. most worrisome is adulticide "fogging" sprayed in the air. This problem should be tackled from two fronts: 1 prevention and management. To prevent exposure to What chemicals used to kill nuisance mosquitos can mosquito pesticides in the first place, the MMCD should be harmful to humans? discontinue their use and focus on a more environmentally 1 benign approach. If pesticides are used, better management Adulticldes: Resmethrin,Permethrin through requirements designed to give adequate notice of the Have you ever seen a truck fogging your street or park and presence of these pesticides would minimize the risk to wondered what was in the fog? The MMCD uses Scourge and 1 human health. We hope that legislation, HF 1644 & SF 1870, Punt 50S, two types of pyrethroids that supposedly kill adult will be enacted to help solve this problem. mosquitos after they've already hatched and become a nuisance. As much as 57% of total acres treated, or 226,000 acres of our 1 What public health threat exists? public parks and neighborhoods, were treated in 1990 with these for nuisance mosquitos. Massive use of these airborne toxicants It is important to understand that S10 million worth of also aggravates air pollution because they contain aromatic pesticides used each year to reduce mosquito nuisance do not petroleum distillates. 1 protect us from mosquito-borne diseases. The MMCD Scourge is used in areas with the highest annoyance allocates only a very small portion of their funds for a complaints. It is an aerial toxicant with resmethrin that is mosquito disease prevention program by educating people to supposed to loll mosquitos flying in the toxified air. Punt 50S has , remove breeding r sites like old tires. permethrin that is spray- coated on the vegetation at the edges of Mosquito annoyance is not a public health threat, hoed areas with killing effects up to 14 days. Mosquitos come yet the pesticides used to control them seem to be. In 1991 in contact with the residue as they fly from leaf to leaf. ' 1 alone, hundreds of people either witnessed, or were directly Many other mosquito abatement districts in America as exposed to mosquito pesticides applied by the MMCD. Some far back as 1982, including Chicago, recognize that adulticides became ill. All were concerned enough about health effects to are useless. They say they're not good for people, wildlife, and call and complain to their park boards, the DNR, and other beneficial insects. As a result, adulticiding has been severely I agencies. This contrasts with only 17 confirmed cases of restricted or eliminated from their abatement programs. With its mosquito-borne diseases in the last 10 years in the metro area. inadequate "notify list ", our MMCD recognizes allergic reactions can exist from exposure, but contradicts this by stating I I adulticides don't pose a threat to human health. butterflies along with earthworms and bees. According to NCAMP, NCAMP reports that "Exposure to pyrethroids the EPA has been critical of an apparent lack of standardization in can result in contact dermatitis and asthma -like reactions, [BTI product potency... because the percent of active ingredients I including runny nose and eyes (resmethrin). The EPA notes that cannot correspond to the statement on the label ". "people, especially children, with a history of allergy or asthma Altosid, the methoprene formulation used by the appear to be particularly sensitive..? There are thousands of MMCD, has 95% inert ingredients. Methoprene "can cause I people in the metro area with these conditions. Labels of pyrethroids also state they are moderate eye irritation ", yet this chemical dissipates over the entire summer from millions of briquets in thousands of acres of wetlands, extremely toxic to fish, birds, and insects and can harm draining into lakes we swim and play in. Data is still incomplete ornamental plants and painted objects. Some pyrethroids are about adverse effects of methoprene. Overdosing is a potential I suspected carcinogens. problem because undissolved briquets, with ingredients still active, Aerial toxicants can drift into homes with open can keep accumulating year after year in the same wetlands. windows. At 10 pm on July 5,1990, one person and her family in I the MacAlester - Groveland neighborhood in St. Paul suffered severe allergic reactions from inhalation exposure to Scourge in Inadequate complaint data and response this manner. She was infuriated when the MMCD told her, "we Health- related cases about mosquito pesticide applications are can't spray houses" and the MMCD did not investigate further. frequently not reported, recorded, or believed by the responsible The MMCD did send her fact sheets on Scourge which clearly public agencies like the MMCD or the Department of Agriculture. state, "Avoid breathing vapor or spray mist Avoid contact with Citizens who call feel intimidated by MMCD staff into skin, eyes, or clothing. Toxic to fish and birds." In her written withdrawing their complaints. MMCD staff sometimes tell I testimony, she "feels lucky to be alive ". MMCD personnel wear complainants their concerns do not agree with the scientific masks to prevent inhaling the toxicant literature on file, nor with the advisors of the MMCD. Other tactics Punt 505 sprayed in Lake Ann Park in Chanhassen include giving false statements about the nature and number of I early June, 1991 left residues which caused a father and son to health complaints, how and where pesticides are applied, and that have headaches and nausea in two confirmed cases due to safety is equated with EPA registration The MMCD imposes a residue inhalation exposure. The same incident prompted an double standard by telling callers to prove the pesticide is unsafe investigation from the State Department of Agriculture that well beyond their means to do so, rather than the MMCD provide I found the MMCD was in violation of the Minnesota Pesticide assistance or proof to the caller that the pesticide is safe. Law because they failed to spray according to the label. Punt 505 The MMCD may not offer to tell concerned citizens was illegally sprayed on foliage overlooking fish spawning about their "notify list ". Treatment schedules are not publicly I areas, when the label clearly states it is highly toxic to fish. As a disclosed, nor does the MMCD always comply with individual result, the MMCD was fined 51000 and its field staff are being requests to be notified for specific properties, neighborhoods, or forced to be re- trained. parks. Hundreds of people are unable to get on the "notify list" In August 1991, masked MMCD staff aerially because the public lacks the knowledge to contact the MMCD. I toxified the trail area in St Paul's Crosby Farm Park at 10 am The MMCD does not proactively collect data about when schoolchildren were present. The park's naturalist with health complaints from local park boards, the State Health the class refused to lead the children through the toxified area, Department, and the DNR that usually receive most of those I for fear they would be exposed to the pesticide. She was also complaints. angered there were no warnings and that the MMCD tried to In the Lake Ann Park incident, the Department of convince her the chemicals weren't harmful. The children Agriculture refused to believe a confirmed health complaint, even I observed, "If it wasn't harmful, then why were the sprayers all after the doctor's timely diagnosis of exposure was provided. wearing masks ". It is difficult for legitimate health- related complaints to be counted and influence the risk to human health. I Larractdes: Bil and methoprene About 200,000 acres are treated by the MMCD each year with What Can we do? Iarvacides to kill mosquitos before they hatch. We hope legislation will be amended to provide requirements I One Iarvacide applied by helicopter or ground crews is a designed to give adequate notice of the presence of mosquito strain of potent bacteria called bacillus thuringiensis israelensis pesticides. In order to avoid needless exposure and minimize the (151 1). Methoprene, another larvacide, is the active ingredient in risk to human health, citizens should have the right to know when I briquets cast into wetlands by ground crews, releasing slowly in mosquito pesticides are used in their area, and have their the water over one summer season complaints taken more seriously. The BTI formulation contains the highest percentage, 99.8 %, of inert ingredients of the four major pesticides the I MMCD uses. This is troubling because, according to NCAMP, Sierra Club, North Star Chapter it is unclear how much of the toxicity (skin sensitization in Minnesota Herbicide Coalition animals and eye irritation in animals and people) can be ascribed Minnesota Audubon Council I to these 'inert' ingredients ". Izaak Walton League, MN Div. EPA's major environmental concem about some BT Human Ecology Action League formulations is that they can also kill endangered species of -1 Mosquitos o cnluded Mosquito Rivken s w because of p pesticide exposure, I From m 1 the MDA report on the o u den district - Di s tr ict 43, is meant to limit the Tests on leaf samples taken b the investigator concluded that district's taxing authority, and Punt had been sprayed on (� j j j a its to another bill was recently in- troduced in the House to next to the lake and inside 100400t limit the MDA r epo reorganize how the district said. � .• " ,° - o The re spraying At Lake Ann Park, an MDA was use report at said the violati investigator found that Punt was pesticide a man inconsistent with i sprayed on trees at water's edge la - near lake � from - The has ahead T near started control operations fol� the sprayed trees, according to 1992, said Green. Briquets Bills aim to the investigator's report. designed to kill the marsh- , According to instructions on dwelling cattail mosquitos hay change district's the Punt label, the pesticide is beep laced in known "highly toxic" to fish. A p .areas, he said, and training has_ operations to the U.S. Environmental Pro- tection Agency, Punt should not to for jdi briquets to s By Matthew Zlatnik be used within 100 feet of water, trop other mosquitos. said the MDA report on the - - ' . Despite instructions to the incident. co were anti-mosquito a "Basically, he haves I water's edge of Lake Ann in been where he was said Ross _ - - _ _ _ _ -. _ -- —. _ Chanhassen last summer. Green, public - info eoor- dinator for the MMCD. "We took At the threat of going to court, h n steps to make sure it wouldn't the Metropolitan Mosquito Con- �pp� again." ,'/S1-/Z. � `f `S' .- 1 trol District (MMCD) admitted As of the settlement pro- last month that it improperly p osed y the MDA, the Mosquito I �� /9 y Z applied pesticides near the lake Control District paid a $1,000 ' 1 in northern Chanhassen. fine. The employees responsible The acknowledgement of the for the misapplication were re- violation came after the Min w ired Department of q to make • a training Agriculture (MDA) investigated session presentation about what 1 a June 12, 1991, complaint by a went possible en - Chanhassen man. The MMCD aironm ure effects, and how to paid a $1,000 fine, and an MMCD avoid fThe mistakes. MMCD conducted Its own 1 official said the violation was f investigation, Greed said, and because o1 employee error. Eric Rivken of Chanhassen found that the employees had violated the MMCD's 100 -foot 1 said he and his son became sick - limit set for using pesticides after being in Lake Ann Park near water. • after the park was sprayed with ' Rivken, who filed the original Punt, a chemical used by the complaint, has been researching MMCD to kill adult mosquitos. the MMCD for about two years, 1 Punt is among the chemicals he said. Last year he organized. used by the MMCD for nuisance a petition asking the district to mosquito control in the seven stop spraying anti- Mosquito. county, 3,000- square - mile metro chemicals in his neighborhood. 1 area. Helicopters and vehicles Rivken has also testified before are • used to spread the the district and the Legislature, pesticides. Chemical briquets are also claiming that the district is ides 1 festive and violates its ow placed in underwater breeding own rules areas to kill mosquito larvae, on pesticide He said hih application. e and is - and the district provides infor and his 7 year mation about controlling son became nauseated and had 1 headaches after playing Frisbee disease - bearing mosquitos by in the ps'rk on June 12. They destroying their breeding went home, and Rivken called places. the Department of Agriculture, 1 The district, created in 1958, is mfg that he had seen tree funded by a metrowide leaves with a shiny substance on property - tax levy. A bill in- I them. The next day, in - troduced by Sen. Gen Olsen, IR- ay, an 1 vestigator visited the park with • MOSQUI'T'OS: To page 6 . Rivken, who suffered the same symptoms as the previous day. I r o t B ats ! i B ,,,, 4 , ‘ Bats Any creature that will eat tion and provide insulation in ' For this reason, most bat colo- 3,000 - 7,000 insects per lower temperatures. Construct- nies are found near rivers, J night, Including many mos- ing a house two feet tall allows lakes, bogs or marshes where quitoes, is a good neighbor. the bats to move up and down insect populations are high. • to find temperatures more to The closer bat houses are to I Building Bat Houses : their liking. Although paint or such habitats, the greater the • and Attracting Bats vamish may increase structure probability of being occupied. 1 in Minnesota longevity, bats may be repelled Those located more than a half until the house is well cured. mile from insect producing habi- Bat houses have been used Bat houses should be se- tats have a greatly reduced I successfully in Europe for a curely fastened to a tree or probability of being occupied. variety of species. The house building roughly 10 -15 feet Sometimes bats will occupy design on the back of this sheet above ground, preferably open a bat house within a few weeks. I was developed for conditions in to the morning sun yet shaded Often however, bats require a Minnesota by Earl Johnson of in the afternoon. Male bats do year or two to find a new house. Detroit Lakes, MN. The ab- not live with the females while Chances of early occupancy O sence of a floor makes this young are being reared. The probably will be increased if house less attractive to white- male bats may be attracted to a houses are hung before the last footed deer mice, which can be second house placed in a shel- week of July when young bats I a problem throughout Minne- tered, similar location. Most are starting to fly and explore. sota. The exact size and shape bats seem to be attracted to Since the use of bat houses are not important except that sites somewhat protected from is quite new in the USA and in I the entry space(s) should never wind. Minnesota, there is much to be smaller than 3/4 inch or It is important to note that team about local bat prefer - larger than 1 inch. Regardless bats can live only where local ences. Reporting your suc- II of the plan used, all inner sur- food supplies are adequate. cesses and failures in attracting faces must be rough enough to 4 bats to your houses could allow the bats to climb with greatly add to bat knowledge. • ease. Information can be received by Young bats grow best when ° ` ,` ` ° writing 1)1,,,, ' shelter temperatures are main- BAT CONSERVATION tained in the 80 -90 F range. INTERNATIONAL For this reason maternity Colo- Y P.O. Box 162603 Hies most commonly use Austin, Texas 78716 -2603 • houses which provide this �' �-'` For additional Minnesota information temperature range yet do not : _ , 'r '' or to report your information, please I exceed 90 F. Houses should write DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL be tightly constructed or _ x'' RESOURCES. NONGAME WILDLIFE caulked to prevent undesirable PROGRAM. Box 7, 500 Lafayette I ventilation. Europeans often ' Road, St. Paul, Minnesota 55155. paper cover bat houses with tar a P P � This design has been developed by oNR • to increase solar energy absorp- - Area Wildlife Manager Earl Johnson, Detroit Lakes, Minnesota. 1 I ii Bat House For Minnesota __________________,________________ Recommended Material: Cedar 1 f\ Dividers Roof 14" ( (1) Sides . (2) 24" 1 and • 1 Front ( \./ 1 Eli 1/4") I Back (1) 32 " 1 w La i i s , t o r \ I \/ I Spacing Sequence Between Dividers: ,< 1/4"-7 1", 1", 7/8", 7/8", 3/4", 3/4" I Divider Divider Divider Divider Divider 111 1/4" \l/ < 24" X 24" X 24" 1 /N Waste --> Side Side Side Roof Back 111/4" .1/ E 24" (-- 24" 24" X 14"X 32" Lumber: Two 1" X 12" X 10' 1 Rough-sawed or with all interior surfaces roughened. Note: All external seams and joints should be caulked if not tight fitting. al 71 1 1 ' :.: Public Health Briefs :...-, 1 r -, .._... : . e . Pesticide Poisoning Surveillance i - : through Regional Poison • . s Control Centers 1 Debra Kay Olson, RN, MPH, Lynn Sea, Paul G PhD, - and Leo Sioris, PharmD I . The purpose of this study is to describe pesticide exposure in the Inl7rdudion In cooperation with the MCHS all population of callers to Minnesota . Minnesota resident case files from 1988 Regional Poison Centers. Case files- • Pesticides represent a large group of reporting pesticide exposure to humans I from 1988 repotting pesticide expo chemicals which in general usage are de- were identified All tells regarding human sure to humans were identified in scribed in tetras of the organism they are contact with a chemical coded by the cooperation with the Minnesota Cen- intended to ki11. As the use of these AAPCC to be a herbicide, insecticide, to- I ter for Health Statistics. Data analy- chemicals has unfolded, some disquieting denticide, or fungicide ( nonmedicinal) cis was conducted by computer using phenomena have been observed. A were selected. A total of 2,209 calls were SAS statistical package. 1984 -85 Nebraska study found an annual classified by the AAPCC system as pes- Of the 1,428 case files indicating incidence rate of pesticide - related illness ticide exposure calls for Minnesota in I pesticide as the primary substance of of 1.35 cases per 10,000 population. Lyra- 1988, 4.3 percent of all human exposure exposure to Minnesota residents, a phorna and leukemia have been associ- calls to Minnesota Of these calls, 1,428 mean age of 5 years (range, one ated with higher death rates among Mid- identified pesticides as the primary sub - month to 85 years) was identified; 50 western farmers in regions of high stance and 31 call files identified pesticides I percent of all cases were below age 3 years. Males accounted for 13 times pesticide tseSe and Reeves' reported 15 as a secondary substance of human expo- children ages 2 to 17 yearns as having blood sure to Minnesota residents. The remain - as many cases as females. dyscrasias developed shortly after inhale- ing 750 calls were incomplete data files or Insecticide was identified in the tion exposure to household insecticides. lacked the designation as a Minnesota res- t largest percentage of case files (74 pesticides account for a small but ittipor- ident, thus were not available for second - percent) followed by herbicide (12 tent number of acute human poisonings, ary analysis. percent), rodenticide (11 percent) particularly in a state with substantial use The following descriptive analysis I and fungicide - nonmedicinal (3 per- of pesticides in both rural and urban areas, applies to the 1,428 call files indicating pes- ant). Ingestion was the most o m- such Minnesota .L ticide as the primary substance of expo- men route of exposure; 85 percent of sure to Minnesota residents in 1988. These all calls originated from a residence. Methods data were derived from self - reported in- 1 While insecticides are still the formation. The use of poison control caller most common types of pesticide call, The purpose of this study was to de- files imposes the following limitations herbicide has surpassed insecticide in scnbe pesticide exposure in the 1988 pop- upon the data an unknown number of production and sales in the US. b Marion of callers to Minnesota Regional pesticide exposure events may occur for I this study, herbicide type exposure Poison Control Centers located at Henne- which no cau was made; voluntary art. calls present a much different picture pin County Medical Center and St. Paul- ing of data via telephone is verified only by than other pesticide types. Ramsey Medical Center. Centers docu. - 1 The usefulness of poison control meet exposure data utilizing the Address centers for examination of pesticide Cooperative Poison Center Report Form Add reprint to Debra Kay Olson, poisoning is explored. Since report. as designed by the American Association RN, MPH. Instructor, Division of Environ- ing occurs coincidental with the ex- of Poison Control Centers (AAPCC). Data mental and Occupational Health, School of 1 post= and its associated symptoms, from these report forms were processed Public Health, University es of Minnota, Min - each pesticide poisoning report could dough each Center's computer M N 55455. Ccsuthors: Sax is Re- potentially serve as a true sentinel and sent to the AAPCC's national data tor, both at list, and Dr. Ceat is Health tor, both at Minnesota Center for Health health event. (Am ! Public Health. collection project in Denver, Colorado. Statistics Dr. Sioris is Director, Minnesota Re- 1 1991;81:750 -753) Data tapes containing all of the 1988 data penal Poison Center and Section of Clinical for each Regional Center were then re- Pharmacy at St. Paul Ramsey Medici Center, turned to the Minnesota Center for Health and Assistant Professor, College of Pharmacy, Statistics (MGRS) for collation, format. University of Minnesota. This paper, submit - 1 red to the Journal June 25, 1990, was revised fig and antis- and accepted for publication January 9, 1991. IL - 750 American Journal of Public Health June 1991, Vol. 81, No. 6 t (,/n�. Aze _ , ' �/ ..a,7C'Av?`U- t :,w ' �c� i�E t t wi (rdjyvc C a- s rt�t �4 Public H Ingestion was the most common TABLE t— isaacticlde Expolicars Cab �n by Primary Substance Category, Ytnasota, • route of exposure overall, and for each ' 1 t: - 1988 - pesticide type (60 percent), except herbi- side, where ingestion accounted for 39 j Su rice Fre quency Percent percent and dermal exposure accounted carbe combination 1 I �e I a tion wi h mate 47 • for 45 percent of calls. Pesticide exposure calls by two-hour 1 Organophosprate In comb-66m with ehiorkrated hydrocarbon 15 1.4 " interval present a bimodal distribution i Organophosphate in cambnatlon ith w other pesticide 7 0.7 peaking between 10:00 am and 11:00 am Chkxinated 1 Chico atad Boretes'boric � oruy) ttar • ` z ' - -, " 116 10.9 : (190 calls, 13 percent) and 6:00 pm and I hrydacid rocarbon in aort bn Wrti a pesticide, -, 27 ' 0.S 77:00 pm (251 calls, 18 percent). Calls by Cart�err�e only ';. ', ` _ ticide : 189 ' 17.8. two-hour interval by pesticide type show 3 - Catmints in =tent= with other pesticide - . - " -- 6, " - .. p,6 a similar bimodal distribution for each spe- Veterinary p (ice pats - flea colors, et.) - - - 49: 4.6 - dfic type of pesticide. The largest percent ' i Pfpertxyl b Weevils and eevils In eambirs9crt (wtrrout _ , - of pesticide - related calls occur in the : �on+y (abfe) catharsis) , , 5 te months of May (16 Percent), July (15 per- ' ant and August (13 rent (Table 3). : Rotenone - " - 5 � a5 ), � ( percent) (T (=Wing co ooh s Pis) 163 15.4 Thirty -three ent ent of the calls (468 Insect metal° calls) were documented as symptomatic. • Oilier - _ - 29 . 2T - Two hundred eighty -eight of these were (ht}cf orat . 14; 1.3 Total . • _ 1080. 100.4 Classified as symptomatic related to the I pesticide exposure. By pesticide type, ro- SOURCE: Hennepin Recez al Potion Censor and Le r ssota Fissional Po Center. Sears ry denticide calls reported the least number by the IM a eta Center nor tis.fn Subs= rod Pubic Hein wars, University of (3 percent) of calls as symptomatic related to the exposure. ' Ninety -nine percent of all calls were phone calls poison center 6 percent). Diquat was associated with 13 jority of with acute exposures. The ma- follow-up follow -u P P by Po Pe ) Q jority of calls were managed at a non- specialists; data acquired by telephone are cases, carbamate with four cases, and health care facility (86 percent) while 12 limited to those who have access to tele- other or unknown with 63 cases. percent were either managed at (107 calls) phones and knowledge of the poison cen- Rodenticide exposure calls were pri- or referred to (69 calls) a health care fatal- ter service; and by AAPCC definition ex- manly associated with anticoagulant ity. More fungicide cases (93 percent) ' posure relates only to suspected contact types (128 cases, 83 percent). Strychnine were managed at a non- health care facility with any substance(s) which, when in- was associated with three rodenticide ex- (e.g. managed at home) than any other haled, ingested. applied to, injected into, pow calls and the remaining 24 roden- pesticide type. or developed within the body, may cause ticide rases were other/unknown. 1 damage to structure or disturbance of Of the 1,428 cases, a mean age of 5 DiscuSSjOR function to living tissue. An actual poison - event can only be verified through re- years (range, one month to 85 years) was ing identified; 50 percent of all calls were re- Since 1986, pesticides have ac- e view of medical outcome. gi g children under the age of 3 years counted for approximately 4.3 percent of (Table 2). The 13-17 years category ac- human exposure calls reported to Min - Res7tts counted for the 'least number of cases nesota Regional Poison Centers. This is overall. The 18+ years old category ac- consistent with the percent of calls asso- Insecticide was identified in the larg- ce minted for 53 percent of all herbicide- elated with pesticides nationally as re- cou est percentage of files for Minnesota ported by the AAPCC.* As such, the state re ca • (1,060 cases, 74 percent) followed by her- data reported here represent but a small 1 dcide Male to female ratio was 1.3:1 s 02 bicide 168 cases, 12 percent), roden ( ) for all pesticide - related calls, as well as for portion of a much larger national picture. (155 cases, 11 percent), and fungicide- Over the past 20 years in the US, nonmedicinal (45 cases, 3 percent). Of the individual Pesticide types, except herbi- organochlorirue insecticides have lost fa- insecticide cases, , those ades, where males nted twice the containing teprae vot because of their brig -term health ef- I phosphates (alone or in combination) were number of cases as females. fects and persistence In the environment reported most often (Table 1). Ninety -nine percent of all Pesticide and have been surpassed in use by orga- Carbamates were reported in 10 calls were repotted as unintentional poi nophosphates and carbantates.uo Acute rases of fun 'cide ure. Of the re- sonings. General calls (not otherwise ty org op �p er- ' expos ed accounted for 94 toodd related to P hate per - maining fungicide cases, 19 were associ- specified) percent ( tides is of rapid onset thus ated with phthalimide, three with non - calls) of the unintentional calls while oo- toms can be money associated with mercurial fungicides, and 13 unknown/ cupational- related exposure made up 4 acute exposure to this pesticide type. It is other. percent (62 calls). thus not unreasonable that exposure to or- I Herbicide cases were most fre- Calls originating from a residence as ganophosphate insecticides make up the quently associated with 2,4-D (2,4-dichlo- counted for 85 percent of all pesticide poi- greatest percent of calls (22 percent) in this rophenoxyacetic acid) or 2,4,5 -T (2,4,5- soning calls. Health care facilities ac- study. This is also consistent with a Ne- 1 trichlorophenoxyacetic acid) (78 cases, 46 counted for 11 percent and work place for braska study where 25 percent of the percent) and marine herbicides (10 cases, 3 percent. emergency room visits and hospitalira- June 1991, Vol. 81, No. 6 American Journal of Public Health 751 • Public Health Bride e l Cst/tti. ex..•-e /�Ld-rd- TABLE 2-Type of Primary Pesticide Exposure Cale by Age, Minnitaote,1988 . ,,. - ' FtxtQicidos lietbiCldes Irtaecticidens Roderttlodes • Ae• trews) Frsq. •. % Fax; % Frs4. % . Freb % <1 4 03 0 OA 98 418 16 12 4.0 1 8 OS 11• 0.7 197 13.8 57 2 9 0.6 1 1:1 • 187 131 39 27 3 4 0.3 7' - OS 91 . 6.4 15- ; 1;0: • 0.1 -. -if. _ 27..: . :.2' • I 4 . - 1 .0.0 - 5 T - . .. 0.4 3 9 . 0.4 �• 34 :4 11. 2.4. . 1.. - • 0.1 0.1. . 24 0 - 0.01- .S ' 0.4 ` - - - 19 .,:: 13 ` t , . '0.1► 6-12 " - _ 2 0.1• . ,, ` :,, t5 1.0 62. • ,;, . 4.3: -. . Z _ : 0:1` I , 13-17` - 1: 0.1' ' '6�" 05: it 1r - % =? .-0.1' . 18+ ' ` 15= 1.0: _ 82 6.3 302 21.t -. ` 1 . 1:0_ . Unknown age 1: 0:1. 5 , '05 _ 14 1.0 - ear- . - 05•'. Total 45= • " 3.1r: r ;188: ` . ' 11 . 1060 _r: • 742' • 155 - 103* - I SOLACE Samson Poem Ca Mi nn R rewareowsegicx*PahenGreer.&weer/ maws penfamee the hfrneeset Gres fotHeel nSummicer. w e Pu4lie4eern Huang, Unwisely of herneeote -_ 1 TABLE 3-Type of Primary Psstidde Exposure Cabs by Morrltt, Mirawaota.1986 Morrth Fung des Herbicides iroscslcides Rodertdodes Row Total (%) 7 February 1 - 32 11 44 67 ( (3,1) March 2 2 31 11 46 7 May 13 58 1 17 229 (16.0) June 7 43 176 12 238 (16.7) .My 5 21 182 6 214 (15.0) I August 4- 22 149 14 189 (13Z) (9.0) September 3' 8 99 19 124 October 4- 2 60 15 78 (5.5) November - - 49 12 e1 (4.3) December 1 1 37 13 52 I Total 45 116 1060 155 1428 (100.0) SOURCE Merneoe, Regrrw Ponon Genoa anti Minnem Rec?onaf Poeeo, Grow. Seamanly rays winnow by the Mres.= Gres for Heath Stetsaka are Pubic HeeZI Nursrg, Urn way of Mtnesoo . tions for pesticide related illness during this overrepresentation of adults for her - tification of individual cases, and temporal the 198.4-S5 crop season were due to or- bicide exposure calls occurs is an area for trends. In this sense, each poison center I . ganophosphates' further research. report could potentially serve as a sentinel In our study herbicide type exposure With 50 percent of all calls, examined health event. Sentinel health events refer calls present a much different picture than in this study, reporting pesticide exposure to a preventable disease, disability, or un- II other pesticide types. They are typically to children under the age of three years. timely death whose occurrence serves as associated with the adult (18+ years) male concern arises over long -term effects to a warning signal that the quality of pre - experiencing a dermal exposure. With the this population group. Several authors ventive and/or therapeutic medical care I growing use of herbicides both in agricul- have explored the long -term effects of may need to be improved.lat tural (175 percent increase from 25 years such exposures on children. =rite Acute pesticide poisoning reports, as ago and urban settings the percentage of Chronic exposure to fungicides has used in this study, would meet the criteria calls received (0.4 percent of all human been reported by Mosesz as posing the used by Blanc, et al, in their investi- ' exposure calls since 1985) in comparison greatest risk of cancer as compared to gation of the usefulness of poison center to exposure potential appears low. other pesticide types. Thus. while repre- data. Those exposures to pesticides with Looking at the adult environments of sensing only 3 percent of the calls in this rapid onset of symptoms, such as in the I work place (six calls) and type of exposure study, the cumulative effects of such ex- case of organophosphates, are ideally as occupational (18 calls), the difference in posures may have far greater implications. suited for surveillance through such a sys- exposure for herbicides by age is not ex- Blanc and Olson" suggest that poi- tem. Reporting occurs coincidental with plained. It is still general unintentional res- son centers are ideally suited to =ups- the exposure and its associated symp- ' idence exposures that account for the ma- tional disease surveillance as used for toms, and there are no delays as in the jority of herbicide calls in this study. Why early detection of disease, for timely ides- case of retrospective surveys. In this I 752 American Journal of Public Health June 1991. Vol. 81. No. 6 ,5bL4 G-n.' /GU PvJJ S 7 v S 5 770 - rcc?-9-r._ AA cx Twz. - • s • - AROMATIC 100 II fMIMQMntAt OXON COMPANY. USA CHEMCENTAAUAtlanta DATE ISSUED: 11/07/88 aryIj10R OF 'EXXON CORPORATION P.O. 6� = 30 0 1t12 (404j 44$ -712$ SUPERSEDES DATE: 05 /02/88 II MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET EXXON COMPANY. U.S.A. P.O. BOX 2180 HOUSTON. TX 77252 -2180 II A. IDENTIFICATION AND EMERGENCY INFORMATION .1 PRODUCT NAME . PRODUCT CODE • • AROMATIC 100 SC -100 132030 - 00652 Q4EMICAL NAME CAS NUMBER II ' Petroleum Solvent 64742 -85-6 . PRODUCT APPEARANCE AND ODOR - Clear water -white liquid A II romatic hydrocarbon odor EMERGENCY TELEPHONE NUMBER (713) 656 -3424 II B. COMPONENTS AND HAZARD INFORMATION ,. COMPONENTS CAS N0. Of APPROXIMATE • . II COMPONENTS CONCENTRATION This product can be defined as: -. �- .0 II Light aromatic solvent napntha 64742.85 -6 100% - i (petroleum) ,1 ivt cdF . It consists predominantly of C8-C10 aromatic hydrocarbons. - _ primarily C9. K ` "�. . e,,,� I , � , - , "'t` /j ""' � This product contains: u " 1 _ " 2. ' At Xylene 1330 -20 -7 Approximately S mass % Q� �� i See - - ea - - - n ormation. • • • • . - •:-t• i ••• R• • • • ; 71 See Section H for additional Environmental Information. . HAZARDOUS MATERIALS IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM (HMIS) H II ealth Flammability Reactivity BASIS • 1 2 0 Recommended by Exxon • • EXPOSURE LIMIT POR TOTAL PRODUCT BASIS II SO ppm (245 mg /m3) for an Recommended by Exxon 8 -hour workday • • C. PRIMARY ROUTES OF ENTRY I AND EMERGENCY AND FIRST AID PROCEDURES _ • EYE CONTACT II If splashed into the eyes, flush with clear water for 15 minutes or until irritation subs des. If irritation persists. call a physician. II SKIN In ease of skin contact, remove any contaminated Clothing and wash skin thoroughly with soap and water. . 1 • INHALATION II If overcome by vapor. remove from exposure and cali a physician immediately. If breathing is irregular or has stopped. start resuscitation. aominlstsr oxygen. if available. 1 as•azt mww00u • 1 AROMATIC 100 I II.- E. HEALTH AND HAZARD INFORMATION VARIABILITY AMONG INDIVIDUALS II Health studies have shown that many petroleum hydrocarbons and synthetic lubricants pose potential human health risks which may vary from person to person. As a precaution. exposure to liquids. vapors. mists or fumes should be minimized. • . II EFFECTS OF OVEREXPOSURE (Signs and symptoms of exposure) High vapor concentrations (greater than approximately 1000 ppm) are irritating to the eyes and the respiratory tract. may cause heaoaehes and dizziness. are anesthetic. and may have other central nervous system effects including death. 1 ,NATURE OF HAZARD AND TOXICITY INFORMATION . f P r o duct contacting the eyes may cause eye irritation. II Product has a low order of acute oral and dermal toxicity. but minute amounts aspirated into the lungs during Ingestion or vomiting may Gauss mild Ao severs pulmonary.tniury.and possibly death. This product 1s judged to have en acute oral L050 (rat) greater than 5 g /kg of bony weight. II and an acute dermal 050 (raoott) greater than 3.12 g /kg of body waight.. . PRE - EXISTING MEDICAL CONDITIONS WHICH MAY BE AGGRAVATED BY EXPOSURE Petroleum Solvents /Petroleum Hydrocarbons • Skin contact may aggravate an existing dermatitis. II _ • F. PHYSICAL DATA • I The following data are approximate or typical values and should net be used for precise design purposes. I BOILING RANGE VAPOR PRESSURE Approximately 152.188 (306- 335.F) than m ASTM D2879 m • 25�C SPECIFIC GRAVITY (15.5 C /15.0 0) VAPOR DENSITY (ma.. 1) I 0.872 Approximately 4.1 • MOLECULAR WEIGHT PERCENT VOLATILE BY VOLUME 120 100 • 1 atm. and WC (77 II • EVAPORATION RATE • 1 ATM. AND 25 C (77 F) p H (n -BUTYL ACETATE • 1) Essentially neutral • 0.2 . II POUR. CONGEALING OR MELTING POINT SOLUBILITY IN WATER • 1 ATM. AND 25 C (77 F) Less than -18 (0'F) Negligible; less than 0.17. Pour Point by ASTM 0 97 II VISCOSITY 0.78 eP • 25 ASTM 0 445 II G. REACTIVITY ' ` ' This product is stable and will not react violently with water. Hazardous polymerization I w111 not occur. Avoid contact with strong oxidants such as ilquid•chlorine. concentrated oxygen. sodium hypochlorlte or calcium hypochlorite. i II DATE ISSUED: 11/07/88 :41•0277cwnl0021 II PAGE: 3 SUPERSEDES DATE: 05/02/88 • : AROMATIC 100 • J. TRANSPORTATION AND OSHA RELATED LABEL INFORMATION TRANSPORTATION INCIDENT INFORMATION For further information relative to spills resulting from transportation incidents. refer to latest Department of Transportation Emergency Response Guidebook for Hazardous Materials Incidents. DOT P 5800.3. . DOT IDENTIFICATION NUMBER II UN 1255 - OSHA REQUIRED LABEL INFORMATION In compliance with hazard and right -to -know requirements. the following OSHA Hazard Warnings 11 • should be found on a label, bill of lading or invoice accompanying this shipment. DANGER! • • • - COMBUSTIBLE • e - • -- ' Note: Product label will contain additional non -OSHA related information. II The information and recommendations Contained herein are, to the best of Exxon's knowledge and belief, accurate and reliable as of the data issued. Exxon doss not warrant or guarantee their accuracy or reliability, and Exxon shall not be stable for any loss or damage arising out of the use thereof. • The information and recommendations are offered for the user's consideration and examination, and it is the user's responsibility to satisfy itself that they are suitable and complete for its particular use. If buyer repackages this product, legal council should be consulted to insure proper health, safety and other necessary information is included on the container. The Environmental Information included under Section N hereof as well as the Hazardous Materials ' II Identification System (HMIS) and National Firs Protection Association (NFPA) ratings have been Included by Exxon Company, U.S.A. in order to proviee additional health and hazard classlfiatien information. The ratings recommended are based upon the criteria supplied by the developers of these rating systems, together with Exxon's interpretation of the available data. • FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ON HEALTH FOR OTHER PRODUCT INFORMATION CONTACT: EFFECTS CONTACT: DIRECTOR OF INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE MANAGER, MARKETING TECHNICAL SERVICES EXXON COMPANY, U.S.A. EXXON COMPANY. U.S.A. P. 0. BOX 2180 ROOM 3157 P. 0. BOX 2180 ROOM 2355 HOUSTON. TX 77252 -2180 HOUSTON, TX 77252 -2180 (713) 856 -2443 (713) 156 -6849 I • • SaS- 02776+ws0021 DATE ISSUED: 11/07/88 II PAGE: 5 SUPERSEDES DATE: OS/02/88 • ROUSSEL BIO CORPORATION TECHNICAL CENTER 170 BEAVER BROOK ROAD LINCOLN PARK. NJ 07035 TELEPHONE. (201) 628.1700 FAX. (201) 628 -9367 ' Pesticides, Environmental, Toxicology and June 23, 19 92 Regulatory Affairs Department Mr. Eric Rivken 1695 Stellar Court ' Excelsior, Minnesota 55331 Dear Mr. Rivken: ' Enclosed is a Material Safety Data Sheet for Exxon Aromatic 100 containing xylene -range aromatic ' hydrocarbons. As we discussed, Roussel purchases this solvent from Exxon for use in Punt 57 -0S Insecticide and 'other products as a solvent. Although this is a very commonly used solvent in any industries, the actual constituents are probably known to only the manufacturer, Exxon Company, USA of Houston, Texas. I would suggest that you contact them directly regarding the chemical and ' toxicological profile of their product. If I can help you in any other way, please call me at 201 - 628 -7200. Cordially, i �.M D gly - rospo Manager, Toxicology Services JRDP /r RIVKEN.ERI 1 Enc. • 1 1 1 1 1 11 HEADQUARTERS. P.O BOX 1077, 400 SYLVAN AVENUE, ENGLEWOOD CLIFFS. NJ 07632 TEL. (201) 871 -0771 TLX. ITT 420839 FAX. (201) 871 -9845 -u •- --h.•.4Ni'.•- fit....:: .......,, . ►:ai,.,, 1 - Toxicology and Environmental Fate 1 of Synthetic Pyrethroids • By Doric Mueller- Beilschmidt isomer. administration), oral exposure, inha- I Acute toxicity of a mixture of two lation, and derniai (skin) exposure, Synthetic pyrethroids are a diverse Isomers depends on the ratio of the Introduction into the brain or blood class of more than 1000 powerful, amounts of the two Isomers In the vessels is more toxic than other 1 broad - spectrum Insecticides used to formulation. For example, the female routes of exposure as a result of the control Insect pests In agriculture, rat acute oral LD50* of permethrin metabolic processes In mammals households, and stored products. Increases from 224 milligrams of the which rapidly detoxify the poisons Although they are based on the pyrethrold per kilogram of body and the slow rate of absorption by I chemical structure and biological weight (mg/kg) to 6000 mg/kg as the activity of pyrethrum, an extract from proportion of the trans isomer in- - plants in the genus Chrysanthemum, creases from 20 percent to 80 percent Figure 1 1 the development of synthetic pyre- (see Figure 2). throids has involved extensive Most commercial formulations chemical modifications to make have a fixed isomeric ratio. Formula- • cl o O O compounds that are more toxic and tions made of a single isomer (delta- o I less rapidly degraded by light. methrin, for example) are likely to • ci o "The Chemistry, Development, and be much more toxic than those with Economics of Synthetic Pyrethroids" four to eight isomers? cis-permethrin (PR 10(2):41 -44) summarizes their Route of exposure is critical In as- ' chemical structures, history of de- sesslng the acute toxic potential of a velopment, and usage in the United pyrethroid. Based on laboratory tests States and internationally; this article with experimental animals, introduc- describes the pyrethroids' toxicity to lion of the compound Into the brain ' ci humans and other animals as well as Is most toxic, followed by lntroduc- ci� o CI O their residues In food and their per- tion Into the blood vessels, Intro- 0 sistence in soils and water. ductlon Into the gut (lntraperltoneal 1 0 What Determines the Toxicity of a Synthetic Pyrethroid? ' I-0so is the amount of a chemical that will irons•permithrtn kill 50 percent of a population of test animals. 1 Pyrethroid toxicity is highly de- pendent on stereochemistry, the Figure2 • three dimensional configuration of Acute Toxicity of Mixtures of Two Isomers ofPermeihrin the molecule. Each isomer (mol- 1 ecules consisting of the same atoms, soon — but with different stereochemistry) ;? :u has its own toxicity. Some pyre- throids have as many as eight differ - woo — • , 1 ent isomers and there are several .R. - different types. For example, martyr pyrethroids have pairs of isomers 4000 — • ""' w 1 ith different geometries, referred to . as the cis and the trans isomers. Fig- 0 t ure 1 Illustrates the cis and trans Iso- 3000 — r,, r mers of permethrin. The cis Isomer is M generally more toxic than the trans : , ` 1 200o — `•' Doria Mueller•Beilschmidt Is the infor- (1V.144: - m 1 otion services coordinator at the North " � t'' I I American regional center of the Pesti• 2000 — �' Z• :. i tide Action Network International (PAN). - =�i o MX i ce. 1 v, PAN North America; 965 Mission Street, t L i i , 'e 514; San Francisco, C4 94103; s0:2o 60:90 30:50 4o:co 30:70 20:80 ; 1 t i15) 541-9140. Cis:trans Ratio 32 JOURNAL OF PESTICIDE REFORM /VOL 10, NO. 3 1 I the gut, skin, and lung tissue. than active Ingredients. Several and an oxygen atom. Other synergists Metabolites can also have an et- "inerts" In pyrethrold formulations (piperonyt butoxide and sulfoxide) feet on the toxicity of a pyrethroid. used In the U.S. are known or sus- block the mixed function oxidases, The mouse Intraperltoneal L050 of pected carcinogens (such as silica, enzymes which oxidize and detoxify ll trans- resmethrin is greater than 1500 trimethylbenzenes, and ethyl ben- a wide variety of compounds. Si- mg/kg of body weight; it is over ten zene) ; or are chemicals which depress multaneous exposure to pyrethrolds times less acutely toxic than three of the centl' system (such as and organophosphates has also been its metabolites with LD50s that range xylenes). There are also hazardous shown to increase the inhibition by I from 46 to 98 mg/kg. The common Contaminants, such as ethylene oxide, the organophosphates of cholinest- pyrethrold metabolite 3- phenoxy- benzene, and arsenic, in several pyre- erase, an enzyme In the nervous sys- benzoic acid may be significantly throid tormulations. tem.t more toxic than the parent pyre - throid.s Deltamethrin, which is a pri- Acute Toxicity to Mammals mary metabolite of tralomethrin Acute oral toxicity to mammals (Scout), has a higher acute toxicity varies widely among the pyrethroids. I than its parent compound. In general, they are less acutely toxic Various other factors Influence the than the organophosphate, carbam- toxicity of pyrethrolds. Preexisting ate, and organochlorine pesticides. health conditions, such as respira- Exceptions include the pyrethrolds it tory or skin problems, can exacer- «c, showing the highest acute oral bate the toxic effect of some pyre - everal inerts In toxicities: esfenvalerate (Asana), hrolds In humans. 6 Also, more rethroid formulations dettamethrin, bitenthrin, tefiuthrin, highly halogenated pyrethrolds ' , tlucythrinate, cyhalothrin (Karate), those containing chlorine, bromine, use i the U.S. are and fenpropathrin. All of these pes- r flourine), such as tlucythrinate and known or suspected ticides belong to the third generation tefiuthrin, tend to be more toxic to of pyrethrolds (JPR 10(2);43), those ammals than those that are Jess carcinogens (such as contaf a cyano �rou halogenated, such as permethrin and silica, trimeth ! 6 Y 6 o (a carbon yfluthrin. The acute toxicities of y atom and a ntlrogen atom bonded p benzenes and ethyl together). some pyrethroids differ for male and y Acute and subacute studies have le male rats and mice. Diet can also benzene), or are shown that the plain effects of pyre - ave an effect on the toxicity of py- chemicals which throids are neurotoxicity at high rcthroids. DDT and pyrethroids are depress the central doses and liver hypertrophy (en- ome of the few insecticides with largement of the liver)3 11 death 1 ra ta es that increase at lower tem- nervous system (such does not occur, these changes have eratures310 as xylenes). There are been shown to be reversible. In fact, pert" Ingredients and Synergists t also hazardous the capacity for recovery from the Since the technical (chemically contaminants, such as toxic effects seems to be a unique re grade of a characteristic of pyrethrold poison- ) i; pyrethroid is usuall ethylene oxide, ing in mammals 3 formulated (mixed with carriers, sot- Many of the pyrethroids can be lints, etc.) for use In commercial benzene, and arsenic mildly to severely irritating to the � f _ lit � st control, the toxicity of these in several pyrethroid skin and eyes. Some pyre- Mete other ingredients must be taken into formulations. " throids also cause a sensitization of t %t F sideration dwhen assessing the city of a formulated product. For facial skin which leas been observed to be reversible 3 The dermal (skin mple, tenvalerate is much less toxicity of some pyrethroid formula- /1,00144 toxic to mice than the formulated tions Is greater than that of the tech- aj / duct, Pydrin. A ten -fold differ- „ nom r,, nicai grade. Adverse skin effects � e in toxicity between formulations were not measured in tests on h the same active ingredient, but nonhuman animals3 with different carriers, can be seen i ome cases. Pyrethroid products Chronic and Subchronic Toxicity 1 mulated as emulsifiable concert. Simultaneous contact with sub- The most notable non cancerous crates (oil based formulations) usu. stances' thatinhibit detoxificatiotl Subchronic and chronic effects of have higher acute oral LD50s (are Processes, called synergists, can In pyrethroid insecticides on mammals 1 toxic) in rats than wettable crease .the _acute toxic effects of a_ are signs of acute toxicity, which are 'der (aqueous) formulations. pyrethroid. High levels of some s P_ g ,Yn• usually temporary and diminish con - "!Wert" (secret) ingredients and ergists (organophosphorus and car- siderably If the chronic exposure t Iamlnants can also affect the tox- bamae com ounds can block es- p ) continues. of a ovrethroid formulation, es- terases, enzymes that degrade y B PY Other chronic effects are reduc- pecially since the formulated product throids by cleaving the molecule at lion In the growth rate of test ani- )ft n contains more "inert" ingredients the double bond between a carbon mats, liver enlargement, and an in- d JOURNAL OF PESTICIDE REFORM / FALL 1990 33 1 . crease in the activity of some en- Of those, five resulted In death 3 At fly, and tsetse fly larvae, for which symes in the liver; these changes are the time the study was published, pyrethroids are often used In vector not fully reversible.s Chronic expo- only one other case of fatal pyre- controls sure studies have also measured ef- throld (cypermethrin) poisoning had • The most sensitive organisms are feels on the adrenals, spleen, 'pitu- ever been reported in the literature. surface - dwelling insects, mayfly I ' ltary and testes . The occupational poisonings in China nymphs and some of the larger crus- r Depen o n the pvrethroid and were attributed to Inappropriate taceans; zooplankton and benthic .*e test organisms, other• poi ale handling 33 (bottom- dwelling) organisms are also elects include s Rpreaslon..o • significantly affected by pyrethroids. 1 immune systems . an dama a the E on Other Non•tar Even at low (non - lethal) concentra- tiervous. system 2. . Effects on're- Organisms: Birds tions, there are significant behavioral production have been observed with Pyrethroid's acute toxicity to birds changes in aquatic invertebrates, e.g., several pyrethroids and pyre- Is pyre- with most LD50 values In their ability to respond to tactile 1 (firms_ " ein greate than 1000 mg/kg. Yet stimuli, which may affect their sur- • Mul enlcl and Carcinogenicity birds can be indirectly affected by vival. Lobster and shrimp are sus - ty g D' pyrethroids ii• the pesticides deci- ceptible to all pyrethroids s. In a number of separate mutage- mate or substantially change then Pyrethroids are highly toxic to 1 nicity studies (studies of . the ability food supply. which feed most fish about 40 percent of th to cause genetic damage), cyper- almost exclusively on aquatic Inver- SZ[�0 vat es for fish are less than 1.0 methrin, allethrin, cismethrin, rebrates, and small insectivorous or ppb. Deltamethrin Is one of the most I ger have youn birds are especially vuiner- toxic; allethrin is the shown methrin some and mutagenlc fenpropathrin effects 0,2034- gble '� Both pyrethrins and toxle; and cyp ermethrinone of , permethrin least Only in`tlie ca`se`ot permethrin was deltamethrin have been shown to be and fenvalerate are intermediately the response, (changes in mice bone teratogenic.(causing birth•detects In toxic. Emulsifiable concentrate for - marrow) found to be significant, De- certain birds. Sublethal studies have mutations• of pyrethroids are usually spite these positive results, the mu- 'nldicated behavloral"efft:cts'on" two to nine times more toxic than tagenic potential "of pyr`etlii id "s"is quail 35 ' ' -- —�" the technical grade, most likely due 1 considered to be yery.low1 not non - to synergistic Interactions 3 Res - existent. E on Other Non-target methrin synergized with piperonyl MutagenIcity studies have also Organisms: Aquatic Organisms butoxide is much more toxic to the been done for deltamethrin•, Pyrethroids have a devastating ef- white sucker fish than Is the techni- phenothrin, resmethrin, tetramethrin, lect on aquatic invertebrates with cal grade product se Pyrethroids are and fenvalerate; no positive results most LC50• values less than 1.0 parts more toxic to fish at lower tempera- • ...-.re found. One degradation prod- per billion (ppb). These LC5Qs are tures and appear to be more toxic to 1 , an epoxide produced when alle- similar to those for mosquito, black- smaller fish than larger fish." thrin and terallethrin are exposed to Field studies Indicate that pyre - light, is mutagenie 5 ` LCSO is the concentration of a chemical In throids are more toxic to fish in Carcinogenicity studies of per- water that will kill 50 percent of a population laboratory studies than In natural 1 methrin, resmethrin, lenvalerate at aquatic test animals. waters because pyrethroids adhere deltamethrin have shown increases jr ^ kinds of cancers, 1 Only permethrin has been deter- Table 1 mined to be a potential or weak car- . Bioaccumulation Factors cinogen - by the_ll.S.Enyironmental . Prl)teation Agcncy.2 Carcinogenicity PYrethrold Organism Eloaccumulatlon Reference I 1h also been done on Factor' phenothrin, allethrin, and cyper• !s ° g • methrin; none were carcino enic. 3 moll ? useb Daphnlab 334 5 1 Human Exposure . fathead minnow 1003300 37 A study of synthetic pyrethroids' c fish° 125 s molluscb effects on persons engaged in pack - papt,ni a 1234 S aging fenvalerate and deltamethrin in fenvalerate • ftsh° 1 China documented burning sensa- mollusc° 3338 S tions tightness or_numbness on the Daphnia° 1160 5 lice, sniffles, and - snEt�zes..Other _ saalmlm snail 110.200 35 1 on 35 40.`00 symRtpms_ Included abnormal facial • carp 24-122 7 sensations, dizziness, .fatigue,_and minnow , SO 35 skin rashes. in the five years (1983 - crustacean 68.683 35 1988) after pyrethroids began to be flucythrinate fathead minnow 3000-5000 35 1 used In China, 573 cases (299 occu- a The ratio of the pyrethrold concentration In the animal to the concentration In the water In F anal and 344 accidental) of acute which the animal lives. pyrethrold poisoning were reported. b Model predictions. - 1 34 , e z `'. 4 r ,.. JOURNAL OF PESTICIDE REFORM / VOL 10, N0.3 `,v►. L (t1., • to suspended organic matter In the , Table 2 I water and bottom sediment 5 ' .Acute Effects ofPyretbroids and Pyrethroid Formulations Nevertheless, sublethal effects of on Non - target Organisms pyrethrolds on fish include damage to gills and behavioral changes. Be- pyrethro bird :> nsh t xc: I cause they are highly lipophilic (at- tracted to the non -water soluble pyrethrins ' — highly toxic components of cells), pyrethrolds are altethrin 2030 b toxic s.bioallethrin (Esbioi) 680 high= toxic like) to be strongly absorbed by the _ toxtc hi 'h t °xi y g Y esmethrin gills, even from water containing low oresmet fin . • �,� • = high y toxic ttig, y toxic levels of pyrethrolds (see Table 1)3 tetramethri • • ,13500 • g t y o c , tozlc tcrxlc y toxic pyrethrolds can indirectly affect rmethrin P )/J ' fish due to diminished and contami- env era h e . • 9932 b g toxic x c toxic nated food supplies. Another c y p erme t hrinn • • . X2500 extremely toxic toxic • indirect effect of pyrethrold con- estenvalerate — highly toxic tamination of still waters is massive blienthrin ,2150 • toxic - - I increases of a green filamentous alga, t etluthrin ! ienpropathrin 1089 toxic 4190 highly toxic — which can lead to a progressive re- toxic toxic duction of dissolved oxygen. Si g eytluthrin iluvalinate 4450 >5620 • toxic • non•toxic • I m Though less tolerant than most traloethrtn • . 7716 • extremely toxic • hi on h ghly toxic toxic mammals, amphibians and molluscs dettamethrtn cyhalothrin >5000 highly toxic are much more tolerant of pyre - kadethrin toxic toxic throids than fish and crustacea.5 alphacypermethrin — toxic toxic lambda•cyhalothrin s3950 toxic toxic I Effects on other Non-target Organisms: Terrestrial °mallard oral LD50 (mg pyrethroid/kg body weight), unless otherwise indicated Invertebrates bquaii oral LDS0 (mg pyrethrold/kg body weight) I Pyrethroids are toxic to Insects • whether the Insects are beneficials r pests; they Initially cause knock- the honey bee can be as low as 0.03 I sown (the inability of the Insect to micrograms per bee. Field studies D.'rethroid Mode maintain its normal position) fol- indicate that under natural condi- + J (owed by recovery or death. Pyre- t =ons, the hazard to bees Is reduced of Action throids can also repe=l the Insect or because worker s er bees Like DDT and many other in- s are repelled I inhibit feeding behavior. d by pyrethroids; o II studies have shown that pyrethroids contact with plant surfaces •recently secticides, naturally occurring py- eTfect�ing and vegetation- inhabit- sprayed with pyrethroids and de- rethrins and the synthetic pyre - ng arthropods cpredatory beetles, creases their chances of receiving a throids are nerve poisons. Pyre- r xam le) much= more t1 arrso T lethal dose. Pyrethroid repellency throids' principal mechanism of welling arthropods 5. Soil applica- can also can reduce foraging activity action Is believed to be disruption ions of pyrethroids have been shown Of bees. 3 " of the permeability of nerve mem- , t .o decrease the number of predatory " '1"a le 2 summarizes the acute tox- branes to sodium atoms. The site nites and at high rates pyrethroids lcity of 21 pyrethroids to some non- of action is not known, but pyre - :ause significant reductions in target organisms. throids and DDT probably act on • s in Food Residues !arthworm populationsre 37,4° both the central (the brain and 111 d and Water • Pdator -..P.. relationships can R e s spinal chord) and the peripheral plso be_ b upset b pvrethroids. For California and U.S. pesticide moni- nervous system (nerves in other - :xample, a lacc precTator, the toring programs between 1982 and parts of the body). Other major :addisfly, is susceptible to per- 1985 found permethrin residues on groups of insecticides (carbam- nethrin at rates lower than those cabbage, lettuce, and tomatoes! U.S. ates and organophosphates, for tecessary to control blackfly. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) example) are nerve poisons but do • ame Is true for a group of spider monitoring between 1985 and 1990 not act on the peripheral nervous nite predators, the phytoseiid mites. consistently found permethrin, system 3,18 'hese mites have an LD50 15 times fenvalerate, and cypermethrin rest- , Dwer than the spider mite pest 3S dues in over 45 different vegetable, • :hronic exposure from residual de- fruit, and meat products. Up to 6 netts nn vegetation could have an parts per million (ppm) permethrin (legal limits) have not yet been es- g flert on beneficial arthropod be -• were regularly found on leafy veg- tablished for pyrethroid residues on havior and phvsioloiry? - etabies such as spinach, lettuce, kale, many of these products. pvrethroids are highly toxic to collards, and turnip greens " The Recently, FDA has reported levels es with the exception of flu- maximum residue level set by the of fluvalinate in honey 22 times alinate, which is used to control FDA for permethrin on leafy veg - higher than the established toter- Rtes In bee hives 37,4= The LD50 for etable is 20 ppm. Tolerance levels ances. One study found that rest- JOURNAL OF PESTICIDE REFORM / FALL 1990 35 h dues (10-20 percent of the amount the most persistent pyrethroids In ity asz -55 These are some of the most ' Initially applied) of cyfluthrin, commercial use, especially Jn soil widely used Insecticides In homes ' , deltamethrin, cypermethrin, fen- containing a high proportion of or- and gardens. valerate, and permethrin remain of ganic matter. Both can accumulate The data profiles on the newer fective for a long period of time In to levels ten times over the Initial light- stable pyrethroids are much grains (over 10 months), with mini- concentration if they are repeatedly more complete. Xet. the one area ' mai losses even after milling and applied in a single season at rates where there is still substantial lac] baking. higher than the rate at which they of Inlormatiton the tlgll pie p There is no evidence of pyrethroid are degradeds rethroids Spermethrlrl, fenvaierate, 1 residues In groundwater in the U.S. Since pyrethroids are highly II- 1lucythilnate, cypermethrin and or in Europe as a result of agricul- pophilic, they adhere strongly to any tralomethrin, for example) js on their tura! use. organic matter in water, are easily behavior in the environrnent, Fate in Plants, Soil and Water absorbed into the waxy layer of 'There are also inadequate data on 1 plants, and are strongly adsorbed by Inhalation toxicology of many pyre - in the environment, pyrethroids soil particles5• Once adsorbed, py- throids, even though Inhalation Is are usually degraded by one or more rethroids are relatively immobile; the most common route of human biotic and abiotic processes: meta- leaching through the soil Into exposure. 1 bolic degradation by plants, animals, groundwater Is Improbable and in general, very little_information and microorganisms and degradation translocation through a plant Is un- exists on the chronic toxicity. espe- by light (photolysis). There are three common. Except for tefluthrin, most claily carclnogenlclty, of PYtethrold 1 main routes of degradation by light pyrethroids will stay In the top one degradation products_and--metabo- In pyrethroids: ester cleavage (split- to four inches of soil after field appll- es,s ting the molecule where a carbon cations. However, several prin- a available Information on at pyre - atom and an oxygen atom are con- ct p pyrethroid degradation prod- throids Indicates that they may pose nected with a double bond), reduc- ucts (3- phenoxybenzoic acid and an serious hazard to non-target organ - tive dehalogenation (removal of dichlorovinyl acid, for example) leach Isms, especially aquatic and terrestrial chlorine, flourine, or bromine atoms), readily.535 Invertebrates, and possibly fish. and isomerization (conversion from Pyrethroids are also removed from Therefore, the Jack of data on the im- one Isomer to another). A main the site of application by drift, soil pact of pyrethroids in the environment product of pyrethroid photolysis is erosion, and volatilization (evapora- and on wildlife is a critical gap in our 3- phenoxybenzoic acid.S tion). Spray drift tram hea a ricul- kno d e of Degradation of py �.� -... pyrethroids. • 1 De g pyrethroids In the tural rethroid applications can References soil Is mostly by chemical and mi- tause lCi ntaitnation in neighboring crobial action. The rate of degrade- surface water. 1 . Davies, J. H. 1985. The P ends on the Qetectable res`i'dues Pyrethroids: d) tion dep ends pyrethroid, soil - have een re orted u to several historical Introduction. in J.P. Leahey (ed.) . le, climate, the species of microbes months after a '!kaftan - Ca oTo1 a y o r & t Fr an insecticides. London, U.K.: pp T aylor & Francis. ,..esent, and the size of their popula- • containinated soil"couid be a key '3 Bradbury, Steven P., and Joel R. Coats. tions.• consideration for protecting aquatic 1989 Comparative toxicology of pyre - Fenvalerate and deltamethrin are environments; one study found that throld insecticides. Rea Erruiton. Conra 1 __ pyrethroid runoff from a cotton fieldToxicol. 10 8:133.177, f �� Y uman Exposure to alter heavy rains affected inverte- mo j j ' � jeL M.H. •� Toxicity to mammals. y ( ) pyrethroid lanai. H brates in an adjacent ponds tides. London, U.K.: Taylor & Francis. 1 Naturally Occurring The persistence of residues in soil, 4. Chambers, John. 1980. An Introduction to water, and plant tissues varies con- the metabolism of pyrethroids. Residue Pyrethrums / -124. _/ siderabiy. The half -life (time required (S. j SubcommitteC on Pesticides and Industrial for 50 percent of a compound to de- �/ Organic Pesticides, Associate Committee 1 The most common manifesta- grade) of pyrethroids in soils ranges on Scientific Criteria for Environmental _ tion of pyrethrum poisoning is.. a from 1 day to 16 weeks. Pyrethroids Quality. National Research Council of light-stable usually de- Canada. 1986. Pyrethroids: e yste effect on 1 rash on skin exposed to the that are not li g Y aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. NRCC chemicals, which may_ be_made. grade much more quickly than those No. 24376. Ottawa, Canada: Environmental worse by exposure to the sun and that are light - stable, and degradation Scretariat, National Research Council temperatures high enough to Is usually much faster In aerobic Canada. cause sweatin .�• ' Allergic re- (oxygen - containing) soils than 6 Et. du Pont de Nemours & Co., Inc. 1988. 1 g g Material safety data sheet: Pydrin insecti- p sponses and asthma following ex- anaerobic (not oxygen - containing) tide 2.4 EC Wilmington, DE: E.I. du Pont osure to naturally occurring py- soils. de Nemours & Co., Inc. (No. 11.02751). rethrins have also been re- 7. E.I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., Inc. 1988. ported'" Only two serious poi- Missing Data Afoleria! safety data sheet: Asano (R) XL 1 sonings caused by pyrethrum, one There are significant data gaps for insecticide. Wilmington, DE: El du Pont de Nemours fatal, have been recorded in the the older. less persistent nvret'hroi��s 8. Leahey. J.P. 1 envi- literature and both were in the such as allethrin,_resmethrpp_ and ronmental degradation. /n J.P. Leahey (ed.) 1 nineteenth century.s•"' phenothrin, as well as for pyrethrins. The pyrethroid insecticides. London, U.K.: The gaps include data on many as- Taylor & Francis. 8. iksi, L. Dobrorryl,1., and Lea Varga. 1986. pests of acute and chronic toxic- Immuno neuro-, and general toxicologic 1 36 JOURNAL OF PESTICIDE REFORM / VOL 10, NO.3 1 animal studies on a synthetic pyrethrold: binding of the pyrethrolds clsmethrin, dom of Information Act Request F90• eypermethrin. £cotaxicol. £nuiron Safety eyper Toxcol, methrin 214 and 20 deltamethrin to rat liver 016087). 12: 220232. homogenate and microsomes. Arch. 45. E. Gunderson, U.S. Environmental Puttee- 0. Casida, John E. 1980. Pyrethrum flowers i 63:.2. than Agency. Personal communication. and pyrethrold Insecticides. £nuiron. ©9, Office of Pesticide Programs, U.S. Envl- 46. `FDA to Test Honey for Pesticides.' San Health Perspec. 34:189.202. . ronmsntal Protection Agency. 1979. Tol• Francisco Chronicle, August 11, 1990. V • Williamson, Emily G., et. al. 1989. A tom• erances and exemptions from tolerances 47. Dicke, W., Ocker, H.D., and N.A. Their. puative analysts o! the acute toxicity o! for pesticide chemicals in or on raw agrl• 1988. Rueekctandunalyse von 1'yretl►roid• technical-grade pyrethrold Insecticides cultural commodities; permethrin. Federal Insektiziden In Getrelde, Mahlerzeugnlssen and their commercial formulations. Register 44(81): 24287. 24288. and I3rot. Z. Lebensm. Unters. Forsch. 1 £cotaricoL £nuiron. Safety 18:27.34. Ruzo, Luis O., an¢ John E. Casida. 1977. 186:125 -129. 2. FMC Agricultural Chemicals Group. 1989. Dear Metabolism and toxicology of pyrethrolds 48. Briggs, G.G., M. Elliot, and N.F. Janes. 1983. California Customer. Letter (October 1). with dihalovinyl substttuents. £nuiron. Prssent status and future prospects for 13. ICi Americas Inc. 1989. Material sa /ery data Health Perspec. 21:285292. synthetic pyrethrolds. In N. Takahashi, H. sheet: Demon (R) TC insecticide, Nui Cabral, J.R.P.. et. al 1990. Carcinogenicity Yoshioda, T. Mlsato, and S. Matsunaka Wilmington, DE: ICI Americas Inc. (No. studies with deltamethrin In mice and rats. (eds.) Pesticide chemistry.' Humors met /arse 39453(C)). Cancer Letters 49:147451 and the environment, Vol. 2 Natural Prod- 4. FMC Corporation. 1989. Material safety data Cabral, J.R.P., and D. Calendo. 1990. Car - acts. New York, NY : Pergamon Press sheet: Pounce (R) 1.5 G insecticide. Phila. cinogenlclty study of the pesticide 49. Reed, W.T., et. al. 1983. The late and I►n- deiphla, PA: FMC Corporation (MSDS /envalerate In mice. Cancer Letters 49:1318. pact of pydrin Insecticide (lenvalerate) on 152645.53 -1.2). 33. He, F., et. al. 1989. Clinical manifestations non-target systems following field appli• FMC Corporation. 1988. Moreno/ safety data and diagnosis of acute pyrethrold poison- cations. in N. Takahashi, H. Yoshioda, T. sheet: Talstor (R) 2 ECinsectic►de /miticide. frig. Arch. ToxicoL 63:54 -58. Mlsato and S. Matsunaka (eds.) Pesticide I Phiiadelphia, PA: FMC Corporation (MSDS 34. Kaliaji, M. 1990. Mosquito /black fly chemistry: Hunan welfare and the 082657 -043 -2). odulticide (/Brand Nome Scourge (R)) pro- enuirvnmentm (Vol. 2), Naturul I'nx/ucts. . Gaughan, Loretta C., Engel, Judith L, and posed for aerial spray applications in the New York. NY: l'ergamon Press. John E. Casida. 1980. Pesticide Interac- Adirondack Fork. Memorandum, New York S0. Office of Pesticides and Toxic Substances, Lions: Effects of organophosphorus pest'. Department of Law and Environmental U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, I Bides on the metabolism, toxicity, and Protection Bureau, March 1990. 1116761 1987. Pesticide /act sheaf: Fe►tuu /enure. Nu. persistence of selected pyrethrold inset- - mlth, Tara M., and Glenn W. Stratton. 145, September, ticldes. Pestle. Biochem. Physiol. 14.81.85. 1986. Effects of synthetic pyrethrold In- 51. Leahey, J.P. 1985. Metabolism and envi- 17. Abiola, F.A., et. al. 1988. Cholinesterase sectbcides on nontarget organisms. Residue ronmental degradation. In J.P. Leahey (ed.) depression among Senegalese crop pro- Reviews 97:93 -120. The pyrethroid insecticides. London. U.K.: tection workers exposed to organophos• 36. Mulrhead- Thomsom, R.C. 1987. Pesticide Taylor & Francis. phorus pesticides. Dull. £nuiron. Contour. Toxicol. 41:483482. impact on stream fauna with special refer- � OJftce of Pesticides and Toxic Substances. ence to mocroinuertebrates. Cambridge, 1987. Guidance for the reregistration of 18. Soderlund, David M., and Jeffrey R. U.K.: Cambridge University Press. pesticide products containing sumithrin as I Bloomqulst. 1989. Neurotoxic actions of 37. Hill, 1.R. 1985. Effects on non4arget or- the active ingredient. Washington, D.C.: US pyrethrold insecticides. Ann Rev. Entomol. ganisms In terrestrial and aquatic env.- Environmental Protection Agency. 34:77.95• ronments. in J.P. Leahey (ed.) The pyre - 0 Illce of Pesticide Programs. 1988. Guid- 19. Litchfield, M.H. 1983. Characterization of throid insecticides. London, U.K.: Taylor & once for the re- registration of products con- the principal mammalian toxicological and Francis. taining resmethrin as the active ingredient. I biological actions of synthetic pyrethrolds. 38. Meermann, H. 1988. Anotomie eines Washington, D.C.: U.S. Envlronrnental Pro. In N. Takahashi, H. Yoshioda, T. Misato, Cit:un /ants, MPG 1'resselnlormatlon PRI B9/ tection Agency. and S. Matsunaka (eds.) Pesticide chemis- 88(19), August 17. .OIllce of Pesticide Programs. 1988. Gelid- try: Human we /fore and the environment 39. Shires, S.W. 1985. A comparison of the d• ante for the re- registration of products cork (Vol. 2), Natural Products. New York NY: leas of cypermethrin, parathion - methyl and laining allethrin stereoisomers as the active Pergamon Press. DDT on cereal aphids, predatory beetles, ingredient. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Environ- FMC Corporation. 1988. Material safety data earthworms and litter decomposition In mental Protection Agency. sheet: Pounce (R) technical insecticide. spring wheat, Crop Protection 4(2): 177 -193. Office of Pesticides and Toxic Substances, I Philadelphia, PA: FMC Corporation (MSDS 40. Ingelslleld, C. 1989. Pyrethrolds and ter- US EPA. 1988. Pesticide fact sheet: Allethrin 152645.63.150). restrtal' non4arget organisms. in The Py- stereoisomers. No. 158, March. ICI Americas Inc. 1987. Material safety data rethrold Efficacy Group (ed.) The pyre - 56. eorge La Rocca. U.S. Environmental Protec• sheet.: Ambush (R) (GFU330). Wilmington, throid insecticides: A scientific advance for tion Agency light -stable pyrethroid product DE: ICI Americas Inc. (No. 0106). human welfare. Proceedings of the 1989 manager. Personal communication. FMC Corporation. 1989. Material safety Annual Meeting of the American the Associa- 57. Royal Society of Chemistry. 1989. The data sheet: CynoIt (R) EC. Philadelphia, PA: lion for the Advancement of Science, San agrochemicols handbook. Boca Raton, FL FMC Corporation (itiiSDS 1 52315-015 -4)• Francisco, January 19. Royal Society of Chemistry. Database 23. Uclat, Roussel. 1982. Deltamethrin mono- • ueller- Beilschmidt, D., and M.A. Hoy. search (File 306 Dialog). roph. Avignon, France: 1'lmprimerle 1987. Activity levels of genetically ma- 58. Sine, Charlotte (ed. dir.). 1990. The farm ji ubanel Press. nipulated and wild strains of Metoseiulus eccidentalis (Nesbitt) (Acarina: Phyto- chemicals handbook. Willoughby, OH: ayes, Jr., Wayland J. 1982. Pesticides Meister Publishing Co. studies in man. Baltimore, MD Williams & selldae) compared as a method to assay 59. Worthing, Charles R. (ed.) 1983. The pesti- Wilkins. quality. Hilgardio 55(6): 1 -23. tide manual. London. U.K.: British Crop ternational Registry of Potentially Toxic 42. Waller, C.D., et. al. 1988. Residual life and n d Protection Council. hemicals, United Nations Environment toxicity to honey bees (Hymenoptera: 60. Eiilot, M., Janes, N.F.. and C. Potter. 1978. rogramme. 1990. Cypermethrin. JRPTt; Apidae) of selected pyrethrold formula- The future of pyrethrolds In insect con - Bulletin 10(1): 24.27. Lions applied to cotton in Arizona. J. Econ. trol. Ann. Rea £ntomol. 23:443.69. 6 e, F., e t. al. 1988. Effects of pyrethrold � £ntomol. 81(4): 1022 -1026. 6 1. Moore, J.B secticides on subjects engaged In pack- 43. Mott, Lawrie, and Karen Snyder. 1988. 2. Toxicology . 1975. Pyrethrum extract: !'art and pharmacology of pyre ging pyrethrolds. Brit. J. Indust. Med. Pesticide Alert. San Francisco, CA Sierra thrum extract. in R.H. Nelson (ed.) Iyre- 45:548.551. Club Books. thrum flowers. Minneapolis, MN: ational Coalition Against the Misuse of 44. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. 1990. Mclaughlin Gormley King Co. esticldes. 1987. Chemical watch: Listings of pesticides, industrial chemicals 62 Barthel, W.F. 1973. Toxicity of pyrethrum esmethrin. Pesticides and You 7(5):5 and metals data by fiscal year, origin, and Its constituents to mammals. In J.E. (December). sample flag and industry/product code 1985 Casida ed. 3. Catlnot, R., et. al. 1989. In vitro covalent 1990: Fy etthroids. Da b se search ( ) York, NY: Pyrethrum: The Academic natural inscc- • (Freer ticid N ew York, NY: Academic Pree ss. JOURNAL OF PESTICIDE REFORM / FALL 1990 37 1 -44~42 i 9or 114.10644.. (.A J �. •• R. ey ,1 -a.".. e ` '7 et, x,.40 1 c4,441:4 itla-e-Z4 6,401 eel i 54 v eil 7 (Po ..14;1, 74i $77 7410 .• AVERAGE AEDES VEXANS /NIGHT + RAINFALL 1 140 A . 1 1 ... ,..... ..... ._._ ~MO 6 lisr 4 •••■• 4 ". ... 4aM) .6D G 120 - ++ "� At etQvero LeseSie S' A 100 - ISIIM4e nlI v 80 �� 7o VEi1�s E u n u FA co A 60 - n N u M s AA 40 - N la H 20 y - _-`- T u 1 1 0 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 I I I i u t l 1 i i 1 i 1 1 i 1 i I 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 / /� YEAR K d1.u.. o....o..o....40,11. ti� 0o 61. �.I.A.I- ' - .• te r - M s -- r.• Pr- . 0 Avg. vexans /night * Rainfall N 1 Y � .WrC. _"" Ae. vexans are from New Jersey Tight trap collections. I�. - a (,. r ,,,, ,;,, 6. ,. Rainfall is a yearly average from a network of gauges. a " M w zil e I. W4...1."RAJ -w.rM Aul•antue. NM — r N NM i MI NM i— MB 1 li I In r M OM MI STATE OF MINNESOTA BOARD OF ANIMAL HEALTH I 119 AGRICULTURE BLDG 90 W PLATO BLVD ST PAUL. MN 55107 I 16121 2962942 June 30, 1992 II II Mr. Eric Rivkin 1695 Stellar Court Excelsior, MN 55331 II Dear Mr. Rivkin: Enclosed is the information you requested regarding Equine I Encephalitis. I checked back to 1959 and there were no cases listed for Carver County but for many of the years the total number of cases was given and no breakdown by counties. 1 Both humans and equine are susceptible to the WE virus; however, ( equine cases appear two to three weeks before human cases. Therefore, the unvaccinated equine population is an excellent II sentinel for human diseases. That is why each year we request that veterinary practitioners report to our office any cases of suspected encephalitis cases. Acute serum samples should be drawn II immediately and a convalescent serum in 14 -21 days. These reports are then passed on to the Minnesota Department of Health. I A large majority of horseowners have been vaccinating their animals for a number of years, particularly in heavily populated horse areas where there is a lot of expensive breeding stock. II Dr. Keith Friendshuh (296 -3428) will be back in the office on July 6th so please feel free to contact him if you have any further questions. II Sincerely, / ; '" ' - 7 e- e ;1_ -,e-c....--e-c 2 - - ' Sandra Ives Board of Animal Health 1 si /enc. II II I PRINTED ON RECYCLED PAPER AN EQUAL OPPORTUNITY EMPLOYER 1 CHANHASSEN PARK AND RECREATION COMMISSION REGULAR MEETING JULY 28, 1992 Chairman Schroers called the meeting to order 7:34 p.m.. MEMBERS PRESENT: Fred Berg, Jim Andrews, Randy Erickson, Wendy Pemrick, II Larry Schroers, Dave Koubsky and Jan Lash STAFF PRESENT: Todd Hoffman, Park and Rec Coordinator; Jerry Ruegemer, Recreation Supervisor; and Dale Gregory, Park Maintenance Supervisor APPROVAL OF MINUTES: Hoffman: A couple corrections Chairman Schroers. Under Public Present, Kay and Susan Boudrie, 6042 Murray Hill Road are incorrectly listed under ' the neighborhood meeting for Carver Beach Park. They should be under Mosquito Control. And then starting on page 54, there are 12 comments which are listed as resident which are the comments of Mr. Ross Green. Schroers: Okay. Are there any others? If not, can I have a motion to ' approve. Lash moved, Berg seconded to approve the Minutes of the Park and Recreation' Commission meeting dated June 23, 1992 as amended by Todd Hoffman. All voted in favor and the motion carried. MOSQUITO CONTROL IN LAKE ANN PARK AND LAKE SUSAN PARK. Public Present: ' Name Address Dave Johnson 170 Beaverbrook Road Lincoln Park, NJ 07035 John DeProspo MMCD, 2380 Wycliff Street, St. Paul 55114 Bill Caesar 2380 Wycliff Street, St. Paul 55114 Ross Green 2380 Wycliff Street, St. Paul 55114 David Neitzel 2380 Wycliff Street, St. Paul 55114 Susan Palchick 238.0 Wycliff Street, St. Paul 55114 Susan Boudrie 6042 Murray Hill Road, Excelsior - Chanhassen Al Klingelhutz 8600 Great Plains Blvd. David Dolbert 2029 -16th Terrace N.W., New Brighton Ernie Wermerskirchen 17575 Valley Drive, Jordan 56071 Renee Wagner 17575 Valley Drive, Jordan 56071 Bob Bennett 123 Interlachen Road, Hopkins 55343 Eric Rivkin 1695 Steller Court Harold Trende 9010 Co. Rd. 140, Cologne Schroers: Before we dive into this issue, we have decided that because we spent a great deal of time on these issues last time, we're going to limit presentations this evening to 5 minutes to the Mosquito Control. Also to II Mr. Rivkin and to any other interested parties who are not affiliated with either, so Mr. Green are you going to be speaking for the Mosquito Control 1 Park and Rec Commission Meeting July 28, 1992 - Page 2 this evening? Okay, thanks very much. Okay, with that then Todd, would you like to bring us up to speed on this? Hoffman: Thank you Chairman Schroers and Commission members. This item ' was reviewed by the Commission on June 23rd. Your last meeting. Official action taken that evening was to table discussion until July 28, 1992, tonight's meeting. On the 23rd the Commission heard from a variety of representatives of the Metropolitan Mosquito Control District. An even larger number are here this evening I believe. Eric Rivkin, a resident of Chanhassen. Harold Trende, Carver County Commissioner. Al Klingelhutz, Carver County Commissioner and other members of the audience. Information disseminated that evening was very extensive, touching on many issues surrounding mosquito control and the activities of the MMCD. It is important for the Commission to understand and remember that they are not being asked to judge all activities of the MMCD. The only conclusion that needs to be reached is whether mosquito control activities should be carried out in our city parks. Mosquito control has indicated by ' designation on a city base map that currently Lake Ann Park and Lake Susan Parks are the only two locations within the city of Chanhassen which are being treated. As such, discussion is centered in those two locations. However I believe that it would behoove us that any recommendations made ' would be applicable to all park sites within the city. I assume the park commissioners have read the attachments of their choice. I attempted to list all by title so you could pick through there and read the ones which interested you the most. I would like to touch on the occurrence which we had take place at Lake Ann. It's obviously gone over in detail in your packet and that is the failure of the MMCD to notify the city of spraying which they did the week of July 13, 1992 at Lake Ann Park. I was certainly under the impression, as I believe you were, that if they were going to spray adulticides, the chemical Punt within Lake Ann, that they would notify us. Due to some misunderstanding internally on their part, that notification was not given. Our recommendation this evening, in order to assist you in making,a recommendation on this issue, I've provided a variety of choices based on subject concerning the mosquito control issues. ' In regard to larval control briquettes, I feel we could make two options. Either eliminate their use within the city parks or allow their use to control providing notification of the treatment areas and times are provided. In regards to adult mosquito control chemicals referred to as 1 cold fogging, I've provided three options for the Commission to consider and either recommend or change or create a recommendation of their own. Option number 1 is eliminate their use. Option number 2 would be to ' eliminate their use for a probationary period. I would suggest the remainder of this season and then the calendar, summer year 1993. Then re- evaluating through citizen comments and those types of things, what the effect of the elimination of that cold fogging program was. Or Option number 3, to allow their use to continue providing notification of the treatment areas and times are provided. In regards to the landing and take off and the loading of the helicopter which they use or the mixing of high volumes of control chemicals at Lake Ann Or any other city parks, it is recommended that this practice be prohibited. Schroers: Very good. Thanks a lot Todd. At this time we'll then open up the floor to presentations. I don't know who would like to start. Ross, if you'd like to go first or Eric. Mr. Green, go right ahead please. Park and Rec Commission Meeting July 28, 1992 - Page 3 1 Ross Green: My comments will be brief tonight. Mr. Chairman, members of the Commission, Mr. Hoffman and staff and ladies and gentlemen, I'd like toll address basically 4 issues here in the brief time that I have. The first has to do with what Mr. Hoffman mentioned already and that's not notifying you as to regard of a treatment at Lake Ann Park. That happened on July 13th. The purpose of this treatment was to reduce the number of aedes triseratius mosquitoes and that was based on the LaCrosse Encephalitis prevention program that we have in place. These are specific treatments II are not common place and there was confusion on the part of the supervisor as to who would call Mr. Hoffman's office. Because of the involvement with the LaCrosse Encephalitis program, and myself with the issues of Chanhassen, there was an internal oversight basically is what it was and II the call was not made. And I would, if you would please accept our sincerell apology for that. I can assure you that will never happen again but it was an oversight and a confusion thing. If this had been a regular treatment of Lake Ann Park, when the nuisance mosquitoes were there, there would not t have been a question but there was and we're sorry that it happened. A couple of other comments. Since 1983 MMCD has been controlling pest and disease carrying mosquitoes in Eastern Carver County. There are significantly fewer mosquitoes emerging from these breeding sites to bite II people in Carver County, including more specifically Chanhassen than there were previous to 1983. A second issue here would seem to be that MMCD, is II MMCD presenting a threat to the environment? Scientific studies say no. The control materials used by the MMCD have gone through extensive testing and are registered through the Environmental Protection Agency. Since 1988 MMCD has funded independent research looking for adverse aquatic environmental impacts. Research to date has indicated that the dosage rates used are below that which would have an adverse impact on vertebrates and non targeted invertegrates organisms in the region. Another issue II would be is MMCD presenting a threat to public health? The larval control materials that are considered to be non -toxic to plants, people and pets. In 1984 the MMCD requested the Minnesota Department of Health to evaluate 11 the potential hazards of human exposure to chemicals used by MMCD to control adult mosquitoes. The report indicated that Pyrethroids, and an example was resmethrine, are generally considered one of the safest known pesticides and that exposure to these materials as they are typically used II in pest control, would not result in significant potential for the occurrence of human health effects. And there's an expanded risk assessment of these materials that's being completed right now. It's internal at the present time so I can't give them to you at this particular time but when that is done, and I mean very soon, we anticipate a similar type of finding and you'll have that available to you at that point. It's just not completed at this point. Another issue that may be addressed here is how the MMCD tax dollars are being spent. I think it's worth for you noting that MMCD levy on an $80,000.00 house is less than $4.00. 93% of MMCD's budget goes into the field for the control of mosquitoes, biting gnats, lyme tick surveillence, program development, quality control, and II environmental studies. I would also like to introduce a gentleman, or two gentlemen that are with us this evening, that can answer questions regarding the health aspects of the adult control materials, Punt and Scourge. Pesmethrine and Resmethrine. It's Dr. John DeProspo and Dr. Dave Johnson. Dr. DeProspo is the toxicologist that was referred to by Mr. Rivkin in his dissertation last week and I'm sure can address any of the II issues that Mr. Rivkin brought up and any questions that you have from a Park and Rec Commission Meeting July 28, 1992 - Page 4 technical nature because there were many inaccurancies and misleading information that was there and we're not going to be able to get into all those in terms of a presentation so, with that in mind, he is available for comment and for answering questions regarding that aspect. Thank you very ' much. Eric Rivkin: Thank you. I planned a long time ago to take only 5 minutes. One truth we can all agree on is that anything that is designed to kill ' biological organisms is by definition not environmentally friendly. And I don't want what happened to me and my son, confirmed by a doctor, to happen to anyone else before it is too late. I read the Minutes from the last meeting and it seemed to me that there were questions left unanswered about the safety and effectiveness of both the larvacides and the adulticides to the environment and human health. I'm not an expert so I've compiled ' comments from experts in mosquito control from recent literature that I received since the last meeting on this one sheet which should answer your questions. Would you like them now? Okay. The conclusion from reading these scientists comments, and I wanted to tell you who these scientists II are. These references are from the proceedings and scientific studies presented at the conference called Mosquito Control Pesticides, Ecological Impacts and Management Alternatives which was held in Gainsville, Florida ' in 1991. Florida spends $60 million a year on mosquito control for the whole state, including significant amounts for economic and ecological impact research. As the conclusions are, from reading these scientist comments, is that neither larvacides or adulticides are to be considered 1 environmentally safe because of adverse impacts on ecosytems. They are strongly on the trend of getting away from chemical controls and going towards natural controls and prevention techniques through source ' reduction. They also emphasize strongly that pesticides of any kind have no place in natural areas, such as our parks, and recognize hazards to humans from mosquito pesticides. Especially the spraying of the I adulticides. Since nuisance mosquitoes will be in abundance in certain areas of our parks, and I emphasize nuisance mosquitoes, and they are in the most abundance and those people will low mosquito tolerance will always be bothered no matter what level of mosquitoes there are, it seems wise not 11 to add to the chemical soup in our air and water with mosquito chemicals. And as far as alternative mosquito control is concerned, we can join many other municipalities in our own Twin City metro area and communities around 11 the country, in substituting the chemical controls for natural controls such as martins, swallows, bats and dragonflies and prevention techniques mentioned in the expert's comments before you. If engineering and planning departments in our city can prevent the creation of prolific breeding sites II by requiring developers to design water management properly and encourage revegetation and enforce surface water quality and mangement techniques to provide healthy habitats for mosquito predators like snakes and frogs and II birds to feed on larvae and adults. If mosquitoes are a nuisance, problem in these parks, with your permission, I will offer to coordinate any effort with wildlife experts, local Scout troops, citizens and bird clubs to build these habitats as they have done in the other cities, and properly place them in the parks at a future time. And this would not cost the City anything. I have many volunteers already willing to do this. Any encephalitis mosquito threat could be wiped out 100%. Not 99%, but 100% II very cost effectively through the strategy, control strategy that is recommended by the MMCD which is not adulticiding but is through 1 Park and Rec Commission Meeting July 28, 1992 - Page 5 i eliminating of the breeding sites. Larry, Dave Neitzel of the Mosquito Control District found literally thousands of containers, beer cans, litter" throughout the woods and if we simply go and pick them up, we'll eliminate the breeding sites. He could not find any tree holes or any natural depressions or areas that could hold, breed the triseriastus mosquito, which is the only mosquito vecter. It's very rare, that could possibly carry this threat. The only places we could get citizen volunteer group and Scouts to pick up these containers and educate everyone through the 11 city's newsletter, not to litter the park and why. This could be done in the springtime before leaf out, once a year and the major sweep of course would be in the initial time and then once a year thereafter would be just very minor maintenance. I would like to comment on Ross Green's, I didn't II plan on this but please forgive me if I'm going over my time here but when Mr. Green mentioned this Department of Health study. I also want to lift some quotes out of that study. And by the way, that is not a scientific at all. It's simply an evaluation by some local doctors and was done in 1984 well before any of the, all these studies that I quoted you and the scientific references in the previous sheet and this sheet. In 1984 the number of health related complaints has risen significantly to the point where Minneapolis has banned mosquito chemical controls from it's parks. Since this report, many studies have been done that confirm adverse reactions are real and those are cited. I'll quote you. This report. "Several contacts reported antidotal reports of adverse responses in humans exposed to synthetic pyrethroids, both Punt and Scourge. Responses included prickling and itching of the skin, i.e. face, tongue, lips, nasal passages, eyes and hands and numbness of the face and hands." Here's another quote. "Allergists stated that the people allergic to ragweed could exhibit cross sensitization to pyrethroies." And the last one. "Allergists stated that when people with an existing disease such as asthsma or other respiratory disease, heart disease, were exposed to inhaled pollutant e.g. insecticide spray, that could manifest an exasperation of the disease." And it also appears in the literature that ' reactions could also be triggered by inert ingredients which are kept secret by the manufacturers. Thank you very much. Schroers: Okay, are there any other interested parties that wish make all presentation regarding mosquito control? Mr. Klingelhutz. Al Klingelhutz: I'm Al Klingelhutz. Most of you know I'm a Carver County II Commissioner but I'm not going to speak as a Commissioner tonight. I'm going to speak as a citizen of Chanhassen. Under your fellow citizens here in this town. I was to the 4th of July celebration and I was amazed there was very few mosquitoes. I understand that the area was sprayed prior to the 4th of July celebration and I know a lot of people and a lot of them came up to me and said, hey this is great. We aren't swatting mosquitoes all night. We're enjoying ourselves. These are some of the benefits of I mosquito control. Carver County, before my time as a County Commissioner, somehow got the eastern half of Carver County to be taxed for mosquito control and not the western half. I didn't find out the details on this but as long as we're in the taxing district, if we use methods and the work, that the Mosquito Control District does, you and I are still going to pay that $4.00 on an $80,000.00 house. If we use it or not. This is another 11 thing that should be taken into consideration. I love to garden, you can see by the color of my skin I'm out in the sun quite a little. And 1 see 1 Park and Rec Commission Meeting July 28, 1992 - Page 6 that some of you are. I can remember, and I haven't aged, I remember when there was no mosquito control in this area of Carver County. And at times like this when we've had rains and more rains and continuous moisture in the morning, the mosquitoes would almost pick you up and carry you away. I was out in my garden this morning, sure I got bit 3 or 4 times but I didn't think that was bad. When I can recall before this took place, I'd probably have 200 bites in the time I was out in my garden. Citizens, we've had one case or two cases of someone who went to the doctor who was exposed to this spray. Have we had any other complaints from any other citizen in Chanhassen that used that park on that same day or was up to the July 4th festival? It seems rather odd to me that the most ardent person against this spraying, him and his son are the only people that have shown any allergy or reaction to the spray. I just hope, and I sure hope that you continue spraying Lake Suan Park. That's just across the lake from me ' and I'd sure hate to have them mosquitoes that are bred over there come over to my place and start biting me. Going back to the encephalitis mosquito, it's been a long, hard pull. We've still got them. There's still cans being dumped out every day. You can pick them up once a year ' and 3 months later you go back in the same area. You probably find another tire that somebody rolled off in the ditch, half full of water. Good breeding area. It would take more than once a year surveillance to control ' the encephalitis mosquito. It takes constant vigilance and who's going to climb up a tree 40 feet in the air and look in a knot hole to see if there's water in it or not? That's another breeding place. We've had a couple cases in Chanhassen. I think Mosquito Control District did a tremendous job and I've got a letter here from the Mosquito Control, I believe it was back in 1988 that I received this letter. We're having a problem here. In 1984 a young girl in Chanhassen became sick with LaCrosse 1 encephalitis. Since that time most breeding sites in the area have been eliminated but it takes constant watching to get this done. And for the life of me, I don't know. It's been going on for so long and we've had one report from one family that was effected by an allergy to the spray. We talk about the wetlands in Chanhassen. We're increasing our wetlands 10 fold by what's going on. And sure, we might get more frogs and snakes and ' swallows and things, but we're also going to generate a hell of a lot more mosquito breeding areas too. Thank you. Schroers: Thank you. Is there anyone else who would like to address the 11 Commission? Harold Trende: Just one quick statement, Mr. Chairman, members of the Board. I guess I find it kind of ironic. The years I've been on the Board, Mosquito Control Board, most request for various spraying at functions come through myself and go to the Mosquito Control Board. I don't believe in the 6 years that I've been a representative on that Board, that any city has asked for mosquito control. They received the mosquito control the day of the functions and without fail, the following year and years thereafter they asked for it and receive it again. It kind of tells 11 me that there must be some satisfaction with the service that is being provided. I guess I find it very difficult to believe that these same people that are requesting this control would not have environmental II thoughts or worries either. It seems to tell me that by their asking for repeat treatment year after year, and these are, some of these cities are in our towns in Carver County which are not in the mosquito control 1 Park and Rec Commission Meeting July 28, 1992 - Rage 7 1 district. Which lie on the western half of the county. They realize the benefits of the treatments without any ill effects and I hope that you people, and I know you will, give serious consideration to the amount, the extensive amount of work, or evaluations and things that the Mosquito Control District has done. As I mentioned last time, I'm one member on a II Board of 18 County Commissioners on this Board. We all have environmental concerns. I'm sure that if any one of us thought there was a danger to the environment, we would not be supportive of the program either. Thank you. Schroers: Thank you. Anyone else? Out of fairness, Eric I can't start this because we're going to go on all night. We'll be going back and forth. ' Eric Rivkin: I want to correct a fact... Hoffman: It may be that Mr. Rivkin would want to correct that the evening II of the 4th of July, unless I do not know any differently, there was no mosquito control that was sprayed for that event. Eric Rivkin: That's not what I want to correct. The July 4th...right about that but according to the MMCD, they did not spray until July 13th... Ross Green: That's correct, it was not sprayed but the...that you're referring to the larval control program... Schroers: The fact of the matter is, there wasn't a whole lot of ' mosquitoes aggravating on the 4th of July. Ross Green: That's correct. There's no question about that. 1 Eric Rivkin: There's no larval control within the area of Lake Ann... Schroers: Okay. Weil, we're going to have to move on with this issue. Not" being scientists and having extensive and complicated presentations from both sides of the fence here, we have a fairly difficult decision to make. First of all I'm going to open, or make available to members of the Commission, take this opportunity to ask questions of anyone in attendance here this evening. Andrews: I've got some questions for Mr. Green. You may want to take the I/ mic to have this on the record. I just need some clarification and a better understanding of what exactly you do. One of my questions has to doll with, as I'm reading through the material, it talks about fogging and spraying. Are those two different types of application? Ross Green: The word spraying is many times misused. We find many people II talking about spraying. I think of liquids when I hear spray and the cold fogging is one way of spraying. The backpack treatments that we put on with permethrine is another type of spraying but I've also heard our II application of briquettes and the dry materials, the biological materials we use, also referred to as spraying so it's a misused term. When you hear cold fogging, that is a spray from a truck mounted unit and it sprays resmethrine and that's done during the evening time. That can be considered" a spray. 1 Park and Rec Commission Meeting July 28, 1992 - Page 8 Andrews: Okay, and those are considered adulticides, is that correct? Ross Green: Those are adult mosquito control materials, that's correct. l Andrews: Okay. My question with concern, do those chemicals, do they have a, I guess the word I use is like shelf life. Do they accumulate? Do they dissipate to no measureable residue? Do they accumulate with repeated spraying? Ross Green: Yeah. Andrews: So there is a measureable residue? Ross Green: The best way to address that, and that's why Dr. Johnson or Dr. DeProspo is here to address those kinds of technical questions regarding the materials, can best answer what you have in mind. I think if you would. He can address any of that. Dr. DeProspo: Good evening. Thank you for the opportunity to be here tonight. When we're talking about resmethrine in particular, there are certain things that you have to keep in mind. I don't know what your background is but in chemistry, every element has a...it's the only material in the pyrethroid family that has been allowed to be used in and around food. Food handling establishments. Restaurants. Things of that nature. According to the Delaney clause, that was put out as a part of the 11 Food and Drug Act, it indicates that you're not allowed to use any material that causes tumors or confirm cancer in animals or in humans. Therefore, obviously resmethrine is not a carcinogen. I've read some material where it's made references that it is. It is not. Otherwise it would never have been able to get the food additive clause that was granted by EPA. In testing the materials, as far as the safety goes of this material, each and ' every active ingredient is tested. It's mandated by the Environmental Protection Agency and it goes through a very complete testing program whereby we test for what's considered acute toxicity. These are short term exposures. Accidental type exposures. An example would be if somebody was II fogging and somebody happened to be exposed, that's an acute exposure. We test for what they call subchronic exposure. These are exposure. Repeated exposures for a length of time that would be less than a lifetime. Okay, ' typically in animals that we tested, it's 90 days. To give you some kind of a comparative basis, the lifetime of a rat is 2 years. So essentially it's a good portion of the animal's life that we're testing. Again, the II third constituant of safety testing that's mandated by the EPA is for long term toxicity and a carcenogenicity. This is done over the lifetime of the animal. This is the classic rat and mouse type tests. You hear of things like saccarin and things of that nature and basically those materials were I tested at such a level that you can actually induce carcenogenicity based on giving, overloading the animal's ability to metabolize the material and essentially this is a documented effect and you can induce some tumor formation and especially in the liver. Resmetherine has gone through these studies. They have not shown any adverse reactions in any of those areas. One of the main reasons for it is because it dissipates so quickly. Okay. We've run reproduction studies where we've looked at, we've fed the animals II over their reproductive life and we've gone through several generations to see if it's passed on through generations. There is no effect in that Park and Rec Commission Meeting July 28, 1992 - Page 9 1 respect. We looked at birth defects. We test various species during the period of organic genesus. When the organs and systems of the body are , being formed in the fetus. It does not cause any adverse reactions there either. Environmentally. We have to test birds, okay and essentially what we look at is we look at an upland game species which is usually a quail and a waterfowl which is a mallard duck. What we have to do is the same type of an ordeal. We have to go and give them, we have to see what the effects would be from an acute exposure, and that's given orally. We give subacute exposure which is basically a dietary application and then we also, look at the reproduction habits of both species to see if there's any effects in that. There are no effects whatsoever in both species in all of those areas. Fish. Resmethrine is, as I say, is a hard compound to work with because it doesn't hang around long enough. There are certain studies that have to be done in fish which we test over 96 hours. 4 days. And _ essentially what it is, is we take a material. Stick it in a tank. Put II fish in there and we do that a graded levels and this is the equivalent to, I'm sure you've heard of the LD 50 study. And what we look at is, we look at the concentration and water that will kill 50% of the population that's exposed to it and basically all that is is just a reference type of a number to compare materials. In the case of resmethrine, we have the hardest time just trying to maintain the concentration for 4 days. Essentially these tests were made for materials that hang around longer than 4 days. That don't break down so quickly. We have a problem maintaining the concentration where we're constantly adding material into the water, trying to maintain the concentration. We monitor it analytically to make sure that we are testing what we're saying we're testing. These are all mandated by the Environmental Protection Agency. We also look at the reproduction of fish as well. We also look at it in vertebrates. Generally daphe magnimus is the species of choice. So we II look also at the food chain constituents as well. Again, there's no real adverse effect when you look at it from the point of a real life exposure. Unfortunately, one of the things that we've been fighting with the Environmental Protection Agency is the fact that because they are these can studies, and unfortunately a lot of times governmental agencies have box checking exercises and they don't allow for different types of situations. We have to do the 4 day test. Because of that, it's caused toxicity. In real life you'll never be able to pollute anything with resmethrine. In fact, the half life in water is 31 minutes so it's even shorter in water than it is in the air. Currently the State of New York, the Department of II Environmental Conservation, is testing the aquatic toxicity of resmethrine. They want to use Scourge. They've been using it expensively for the last 4 years. It's all they've been using in the State of New York. They like the material because of the low toxicity to humans and mammals and also to the aviant species but it's had this cloud that's hung over it about fish toxicity. They're testing it at real life, in real life situations. In other words, they would test it for 6 hour exposure. If you take a tank of" this stuff and it spilled in the lake or river or whatever, it's going to disipate. It's going to dillute. So you're not going to have a constant concentration as you would in the artificial laboratory tests. Under those, conditions, resmethrine is relatively non - toxic. Some years back the Metropolitan Mosquito District tested Scourge at 10 times the recommended label rate on trout. They took a trout pond with roughly about 1,000 trout!' and they tested it 10,000 times the recommended rate and also at the recommended rate without any mortality at all. So again, in real life you Park and Rec Commission Meeting July 28, 1992 - Page 10 have to take these things into perspective. Put them into perspective. The material just does not hang around long enough to do anything. Schroers: Thank you very much for that information. We need to give the ' other Commissioners opportunity to ask their questions and move along on this item. Lash: If you can briefly answer one question. If this disipates and, I may be looking at this too, in my simple mind because I'm not a chemist. I'm not a biologist. But if this disipates in 4 hours, then is it still effective after the 4 hours when it's supposed to be used? Dr. DeProspo: No. No. Lash: You guys spray and then... Dr. DeProspo: The idea, well okay. You have to understand the concept of adulticiding. With adulticiding, if it doesn't hit the mosquito while it's in the air, it's useless. So actually it's the droplets that hit the mosquitoes while they're in the air that kill the mosquito. Once it hits the ground, it's ineffective. Lash: Okay. In my view, it seems that most the mosquitoes are out at night so how beneficial is this for us to be spraying at 10:00 in the morning when most of the mosquitoes don't come out until 10:00 at night? Ross Green: We're not... Lash: Well, you're not there at 10:00 at night. You are? Ross Green: Yes. ' Eric Rivkin: You're not spraying resmethrine in the parks. You're spraying permethrine and you're talking about... Dr. DeProspo: Yeah, but that's a different type of an application. I'll be more than happy to talk about permethrine too. Lash: Okay, but the thing that you were talking about with the 4 hour half life or whatever. Dr. DeProspo: Scourge, right. I/ Lash: It is only beneficial for the 4 hours after you treat it and typically when do you do that? r Or. DeProspo: Well actually it's only beneficial while it's airborn. Ross Green: It's a fogging operation that's designed. Mosquitoes...are up and flying after sundown and they're going to be up for a couple of hours or more, depending on the temperature and the cold fogging operation... make contact with the mosquitoes. If it doesn't, it falls onto the vegetation, it's not going to...anything else. Park and Rec Commission Meeting July 28, 1992 - Page 11 Lash: Okay, so when do you typically do this? Ross Green: This is done at sundown. Right at sundown and sometimes very II early in the morning also. Most often at sundown and after sundown for a couple of hours with the treatment. Berg: Clarify for me, if I can just interrupt for a minute. Are you doing that now at Lake Ann and Lake Susan? Ross Green: No. Berg: And when was the last time that was done? 1 Ross Green: Ernie Wermerskirchen and Renee Wagner are supervisor and foreman...in Scott County. Have you done resmethrine treatments? Renee Wagner: No, we haven't done any this year or last year, but yeah, we have done resmethrine treatments. Berg: So when was the last time? 1990? Renee Wagner: 1990. , Schroers: Okay, so basically you are just using that for a specific time period when the mosquito populations are up and you feel that you can II effectively eliminate a lot of adult mosquitoes in a short period of time and normally it's something that's requested and done in conjunction with a civic activity of some 'kind? Ross Green: Most often. Again, we're talking 7 county area where this is II used in various parks and in heavy use park and rec areas. Most often it's like, for example in Chanhassen area would be for civic events. The night before the event, we would come in and do that. It's used in tandem with permethrine. It is the permethrine treatments are generally done 3 or 4 days in advance if we got mosquitoes. Then over a period of 3 to 4 days it's anticipated that population, numbers of mosquitoes are decreased. And if they're still at an intolerable level the night before the event, then a cold fog operation would then ensue, if conditions were proper and mosquitoes were still there, we would then treat with the cold fog. So it's used in tandem with one another. Erickson: Are we using permethrine now then? What are we using at Lake 11 Ann and Lake Susan now? Renee Wagner: Permethrine. Erickson: Can we hear about that then? Dr. DeProspo: Sure. Permethrine again is'another synthetic pyrethroid. It's been out for quite a while. Some of the uses other than for mosquito II abatement is, the Army uses it to impregnant in clothing. In uniforms. As a matter of fact it was used over in Desert Storm. It's for ticks and I fleas and things of that nature. It's actually impregnated into the skin. We've got some products here, a product called Nix which is a material for 1 Park and Rec Commission Meeting July 28, 1992 - Page 12 1 fleas and ticks on the human body. For hair. It's washed into the hair ' and into the body for lice and things of that nature. It's a permethrine material. Product that's available over the counter. Several of the bug sprays are also used as well in typical type formulations. Permethrine is i basically in the same particular class as resmethrine as far as toxicologically. As I indicated to you before, there are times at elevated levels where you can induce tumors at a higher rate than normal. In particular this is what happened with permethrine. It's considered to be a Class C occigen. Which means that a Class A occigen is a confirmed human carcenogen. A Class B occigen is considered to be a suspect human or a confirmed animal occigen and a Class C sort of is a catch all-. You've got 11 a study with permethrine. The history with permethrine is that there was seven different studies, long term studies of such. One of them came up with a higher incidence of liver tumors in female mice out of seven studies. Because you do have a positive reaction, the EPA cannot ignore it so they have to put it into some kind of classification. As you can see, it's used for bodily functions uses. It's used for home and garden type materials. It's used impregnated in clothing and things of that nature. 11 The only thing that it is not allowed to be used for is for anything having to do with food, which would be crop protection type uses. 1 Lash: So the permethrine is what you've got right now? Dr. OeProspo: Yes. ' Lash: And this is sold over the counter? Dr. OeProspo: That's right. Lash: And this is what you use in Lake Ann and Lake Susan? ' Dr. DeProspo: Well, let's put it this way. Something similar to that. It's not quite. Schroers: But it's mixed with different compounds and things, is that not correct? And then as a result of that, may have a different labeling. Dr. DeProspo: Well the labeling is based on the toxicity of the material. Lash: Okay, so as far as the levels or your percentage of chemical, is this comparable to what you use or is your's stronger than this? I/ Audience: That's lice shampoo is enough to treat 2,800 square feet of mosquito adulticide. II Lash: Okay, how about this? Audience: That's 1 %. That's more. That's stronger. Lash: Okay. Just because I want this on the record, I'm going to read what the caution is on the back of this label. Do not allow children or pets to contact treated surfaces until spray has dried. Do not allow spray I to contact food, feed stuffs or water supplies. Thoroughly wash dishes and food handling utensils contaminated with this product. Avoid contact with " Park and Rec Commission Meeting July 28, 1992 - Rage 13 " face, eyes or skin. Avoid breathing vapors or spray mist. , Dr. DeProspo: Right. These are all canned statements. There's a labeling guideline that's put out by EPA based on the toxicity of the material. There are canned statements that have to be put on there. There are four different toxicity categories and based on the toxicity category you have specific labeling that has to go on. Berg: Maybe my question was answered. Is the toxicity level in these greater or less than what you're using at Lake Ann or Lake Susan? Dr. DeProspo: They're probably less. " Berg: Less than these? Dr. DeProspo: Yeah. It's safer I would say, based on the amount of active." Audience: When you're finished using them, the residues of these are greater. Schroers: Dave, did you have a comment? Koubsky: I guess I don't see the difference whether this stuff's stronger II or less strong than what we use in the parks. I guess I wanted to go back to resmethrine. I was provided with two studies from MMCD that I found II very helpful, and I appreciate them very much. They were scientifically based, which the Health Department Study I found wasn't. These were, just for the record, publications by the World Health Organization in Geneva. - " They're dated 1989. I was a little troubled, and I'm not a toxicologist. I do have a limited chemistry background. I am involved with environmental engineering. I understand some of the concepts but some of your quotes, actually I was very comforted by these studies. Half life of resmethrine II is 41 minutes. That's an anquisis solution which is a pure water, you know laboratory. These aren't applied in an anquisis solution. Dr. DeProspo: That should be in air. It's about 31 minutes in an anquisis " solution. Koubsky: Okay. Typically there's about a 98% for the Board. 98% degregation in soil in 16 days. So what I interpret that is this stuff is I/ sprayed. If it falls in the soil, it has in 16 days, 98% of it's gone. It has about 100% degregation on plants in about 5 days. So they can spray I this on and it will work but it's effectiveness diminishes and it seems like it's basically washed off plants in 5 days which is why I think you have to keep reapplying. Now this stuff does accumulate in sediments. It " doesn't accumulate in water very well. It doesn't like water. It's oil soluable. It's like oils floating on water. It does degrade in sunlight and wind. And it does, according to the EPA, or the World Health Organization, degrade rapidly. I don't think 16 minutes or 41 minutes is II an accurate interpretation. As far as fish, it does indicate it is extremely, resmethrine is highly toxic for fish. It has an LD which is a half dose kill ratio for carp at 44 parts per billion, which is extremely small. And for perch, it's 2.36 parts per billion which is extremely small also. " 1 Park and Rec Commission Meeting July 28, 1992 - Page 14 1 Dr. DeProspo: Okay, but again, that's for a 4 day exposure. II Koubsky: Let me finish. Also, it has a study in here in which ponds were sprayed with resmethrine. It expected field rates for adult mosquito control which is a 10th of a kilogram for HA, hector or acre. 1 Audience: About 2 1/2 acres. II Koubsky: Okay. They had caged fish. Bluegills at a 82% to 100% survival rate. Goldfish at a 73% to 100% survival rate. White sucker fish were very susceptible and had a 8% survival rate. So it does seem this stuff can kill fish. I'm not real, and here again I was paging through as you 1 were going through these facts because I know I had read these. Schroers: And also, they may be somewhat selective where one species or II one variety of species is more susceptible to the toxicity levels than another might be. 11 Koubsky: Yeah, it seems to. It does degrade quickly. It doesn't appear to be carcenogenic. It has a lot toxicity to mammals, birds and less when subjected to high doses for long periods of time. But it does accumulate in the environment. It does accumulate in sediments. It is toxic to 1 anthropoids which are shell fish and fish, which would be runoff. If this stuff was sprayed in the rain, and you had a mass runoff to the lake, it could cause some damage. It seems to be temporary but it isn't by any I means harmless. But it is maybe less toxic than we may want to believe also. There's a median. I think I just wanted to point. I may be misinterpretting some things here too but. II Dr. DeProspo: Well again, like I said, I think you have to put it into perspective. Are you going to have, those studies were done where those specific species were exposed for a certain concentration over a 4 day II period. Or 96 hour LC 50 studies. Koubsky: I think this was just an application rate over a pond with caged II fish. But I don't want to argue specifics of any study. Dr. DeProspo: Okay. Well, I can tell you that the majority of the data are, all of the data that I'm aware of, okay. I don't know what might have il been done in Europe or in other parts of the world but I can tell you whatever was done in the United States are based on 96 hour LC 50 studies. Again like I said, that would never, you just couldn't maintain a 11 concentration that long for it to have that type of an effect. The other thing too that I'd like to just touch on very quickly is there's some question about the inert materials. That they're secret and that kind of a 11 thing. The only secretive thing about these materials is that you know, being in business. If you have a particular formulation, whether it be ice cream or whatever. Or a pesticide, and I'm your competitor. I certainly wouldn't want, you certainly wouldn't want to let me know what you use in II your recipe to make ice cream. Well, that's the same thing with us. We wouldn't want to tell our competitors what we use as inert ingredients. Only because there are certain materials that for instance can be a little I bit safer for the eyes. It guards against eye irritation or things of that nature which changes the label signification. Okay. Like I said, there 1 1 Park and Rec Commission Meeting July 28, 1992 - Page 15 1 are specifi categories and toxicity that are driven by the results and tha indicates what kind of a label that you have to put on there. What kind of statements. So obviously if you have a material that's a little safer than the next guys, you would want to buy ours rather than his. So we wouldn't want to give away what that particular element might II be. I mean you know, resmethrine is resmethrine. Many of the solvents are the same but if you have something, a mixture or formulation or whatever, it may be a little better than somebody else's. That's the only reason that they're "secret ". Lash: Who would be a competitor of your's? You're a government agency aren't you? 1 Dr. DeProspo: No, we represent Rousso, the manufacturer. Lash: Oh, you make the chemical? Oh, okay. 1 Schroers: Okay, I appreciate your information very much but we need to ge back to answering just specific questions here. Koubsky: Just for my own point of information here. Are you in essence saying that what all these warnings that are on this can, the EPA is saying you've got to put these warnings on there even if, are you saying that they're not necessarily dangerous? Dr. DeProspo: No. What I'm saying is that based on the toxicity of the material, EPA stipulated these specific warnings should be on the label. Koubsky: So I should be concerned about what it says on this label? 1 Dr. OeProspo: Well I think you should be concerned no matter what kind of a chemical or what material you should use. For instance, they tell you to II keep it out of the reach of children, things of that nature but the LD 50 of resmethrine is higher than table salt. So if you ate, compared to table salt which has an LD 50 of 3,000 milligrams per kilogram whereas resmethrine has one of 4,000 milligrams per kilogram, it still would carry II the same precautionary statement because they're grouped in groupings. So they're, I mean that's the way it is. And because of that, it would carry specific precautionary statements for that particular toxicity category. 1 Dr. DeProspo: ...We're only allowed to classify chemicals, pesticides, according to various classifications. This pesticide, resmethrine, like he says, has a higher LD 50. It's safer to eat than table salt but it's still ! a pesticide. We still classify it as caution and those kinds of warnings... Andrews: I have some more questions if I might. These are questions related to the briquette treatments. I guess my line of questioning is kind of the same as what I had before. My concerns are about accumulations" of residues. Are we building up a residue or a change in the lakes, the ponds, the streams or whatever that would tend to change or make it toxic over time? Park and Rec Commission Meeting July 28, 1992 - Page 16 Ross Green: I guess Dr. Palchick would like to address that but the way we apply them, in terms of lakes, we're not applying them to lakes or streams. It's a different type. 1 Andrews: Transient wetlands. Ross Green: Sure. I mean it does get very technical, even from a legal standpoint. We call them breeding sites where the mosquitoes develop. And one treatment to these areas, these briquettes are designed to dissolve in water over 150 days. Andrews: Just as a comment. I'd appreciate you trying to answer the intent of my question rather than the specific of my question. I felt in the first round of questions I was given, I think I was given an incomplete 1 answer based on my lack of ability to ask the right question. Ross Green: I understand. We work with these materials and these operations every day and we do get more technical. I'm sorry. We'll try 11 to address specifically what your question is. Dr. Palchick: After the last meeting when the question came up about some of the other materials, about bioaccumulation and what not, we contacted Keith Solomon who's a toxicologist on our scientific pure review panel and I asked him that question about the metheprine. His comment was, he was supposed to fax a letter to us which didn't arrive. That the metheprine breaks down to basically nutritive products and things that are in the water metabolizes as nutrients. So the breakdown is non - toxic. That's all the specifics I can give you because I'm not a toxicologist. Schroers: Okay, thank you. Are there any other questions from other commission members? Lash: I have a couple and they're pretty simple. If we were not sprayed prior to the 4th of July celebration, do you know when the last treatment was before the 4th of July? Hoffman: At Lake Ann Park? Renee Wagner: Last year. Hoffman: Would have been at Lake Ann Park. The 4th of July celebration was held at two locations. City Center Park on Friday evening and then Saturday at the Lake Ann Park. Neither of those locations were sprayed. Lash: So it had been almost a full year since they had been sprayed? Hoffman: Correct. ' Lash: When they did come through the week of the 13th, you did not receive notification correct? Was the area posted? This is the posting? Okay. It hasn't gotten to me yet. So they did do that. Then I have a couple other questions. One is for Al. Al, you said that even if we chose to op out of this program, we'd still have to pay the tax. 1 Park and Rec Commission Meeting July 28, 1992 - Page 17 ' Al Klingelhutz: Correct. Lash: I don't understand that. As a taxpayer now, I just don't get that. Al Klingelhutz: I don't understand how we got into this mosquito control II business in the first place but I do know that the eastern part of Carver County is paying the tax and once you're in that district and if you didn't spray, you'd still, as far as I can understand, you'd still have the same II tax as if you were spraying. Is that right? Lash: But then why would it make any difference to anybody if anybody opts' out if they keep getting. If everybody in the whole 7 county area opted out of the program, they'd still have a $10 million budget? AI Klingelhutz: I don't know if... 1 Lash: No, but would that happen? Al Klingelhutz: If everybody opted out, you'd probably find that the ' people would be demanding relief within the next year or so because of the amount of mosquitoes that would be bothering everybody... (There was a tape change at this point in the discussion.) Lash: Well I feel like as a taxpayer, if this is a service that we decide II we don't wish to receive anymore, that I would take it to certain politicians. I'm not sure who. I'd have to investigate it to demand that we not have to pay for it anymore. I guess I just feel like that's ridiculous to have to pay for a service... It just doesn't even make sense II to me. Can you answer that question? Harold Trende: About a half a dozen, 7 -8 years ago this area, half of Carver County was included in the district by a legislative action. And s half of Carver County is assessed for the Mosquito Control District. The other half is not in the district. Carver County contributes less than 1% II in the budget of the Mosquito Control District. ...if there is such a word, is Hennepin County. They pay for spraying in Western Carver County. They've been spraying areas of Wright County also the south counties because of the fact that the mosquitoes will drift 25 to 30 mph on winds. II As far as any area in Carver County, we'll use that as an example. To be relieved of the taxing authority that's in place, would also take legislative action. It took legislative action to get us there. It would 1 take legislative action to get it out of there. I guess, I think what Al was referring to. If the park areas in the Chanhassen district are sprayed or if they are not sprayed, as far as the bill is concerned it's going to 11 be the same. I hope that answered. Lash: Okay, and if we were like Western Carver County and somehow got legislative action to be removed from it, we'd still get treated but Hennepin County would pay for it? If they're going Western Carver County. Harold Trende: They're doing Western Carver County now. Of course you've II got to realize that Western Carver County has practically no population compared to the eastern part of Carver County. The... 1 Park and Rec Commission Meeting July 28, 1992 - Page 18 Lash: Okay, I think we should have Hennepin County pay for it then. Schroers: Good idea. Lash: And I have one other one. Let me see. Maybe that was the last one, okay. Erickson: One quick question. Probably Mr. Green. I think you said last time that the eradication of the nuisance mosquito was not your goal but control was. Is that a fair statement to make? Ross Green: Yes. Erickson: What do you and the MMCD consider to be control? I mean what percent of the mosquitoes would you like to be able to control? And what percent do you control? Ross Green: Well let me give you a for instance. Because of the treatment that was made just recently to Lake Ann Park on the 13th. I'll just give you an indication now. That purpose, as I mentioned earlier, had to do with reducing the Aedes triseriastus mosquito population which is a vector of LaCrosse encephalitis and Dave Neitzel can address any questions regarding that, but we did do that treatment and there were, we found on a couple different occasions, on 6/25 and on 7/9 we found 4 and 2 mosquitoes ' respectively but in those mosquito collections, we also found other mosquitoes, nuisance mosquitoes along with the Aedes triseriatus and there were like 71 and 624 also found in that and after treatment, we found 0 Aedes triseriatus and 4 of the other species. So there was effective control that happened. We are trying to minimize the impact of mosquitoes on the population here. And in pre -treat and post treat counts that are taken, we can show the reduction to a level that many times in many places are down to a tolerable level. I read something, this is again something I picked up in the paper from Winnepeg but one of the Directors up there mentioned that it was not uncommon last year to find 185 mosquitoes biting a person in one minute. And I'm not saying that that same situation would be here in the Twin Cities area but Minnesota and the Midwest are one of the capitals of the world for mosquito populations. And if you want a trivia question in terms of United States were most the mosquitoes are produced, southern Alaska is the answer. And there are many mosquitoes so it may be the difference between enjoying what you have now and not being able to get out your backdoor. But there is data, and we have that available as to the reduction of those mosquito population numbers. Erickson: Maybe it's just an...question. Can you reduce it to some sort of percentage for me? Numbers of mosquitoes out there on the worst situation. Numbers that you're controlling. Ross Green: I can give you a number in a couple of different programs in terms of percent control. In our programs they range anywhere from 75% to 90% or more control for the larval control programs and also when many times in the breeding sites that we have, we get up to 100% control in the sites that we have. So in terms of that number, yes. We do have data to indicate significant, significant numbers of mosquitoes reduced. To put that in your own backyard. What that means and what your immune system's 1 1 Park and Rec Commission Meeting July 28, 1992 - Page 19 all about. If you're a kid for example or someone new to the area, you're , going to react differently to mosquito bites and whether your bothered by them or not is an individual question also. But the data is there to support the reduction of mosquito populations. And many times those are down to tolerable levels. That people can enjoy themselves for events and to enjoy themselves around the park areas and we've had much feedback in terms of that positive effect. Erickson: Is it fairly consistent that we haven't had a permethrine treatment for 11 months? Is that fairly consistent that we still wouldn't be seeing hoards of mosquitoes? 1 Ross Green: It does depend on the mosquito populations, there's no question about that. When we have large numbers of mosquitoes that are being produced outside of the district and also in areas where there are mosquito development where we by -pass areas because of only treating the most prolific breeding areas. The program is long range in that it's directed towards larval control. We want to control, it's aimed at controlling the mosquito before it leaves the water so that those mosquitoes are not going to fly in and bite people and that's the direction we're headed with larval control. With these environmentally sensitive materials to do that job. Schroers: Okay, thank you. It's very obvious that we have two very opinionated sides to this issue. 1 tried, to the best of my ability, since, last meeting to find some unbiased information regarding the activities, not so much the activities of the Mosquito Control but information regarding the specific chemicals that are used. I went to an agency called' the Emergency Response Commission. They said thank you for calling but we don't really have the answers that you need. We'll try to find out for you. They did call me back and the results from that was, I did get a phone response from Mr. Green because the Emergency Response Commission contacted him to try to get the information. I also contacted the University of Minnesota, Division of Environmental Health, the State Department of Health, the Minnesota Department of Agriculture, University II Department of Agriculture, and I basically had the same two questions for all of these. Has a risk management study been conducted regarding the methods and the types of chemicals being used by the Mosquito Control? And what exactly are the long term risks to the overall environment and to the , public health. I could get no answers. They just kept referring me from one agency to the next agency and no one seemed to have the information that I was asking for. Some of it has been touched on this evening. Mr. II Green brought to our attention that a risk management study is currently being conducted but that information is not available at this time. Ross Green: It's been completed but it's in internal review right now and II shortly that will become. Schroers: And who conducted that study? , Ross Green: State Health Department. Schroers: Oh. It's funny that they wouldn't know about that when I called but I'm sure that there's a lot of different people in the Health 1 Park and Rec Commission Meeting July 28, 1992 - Page 20 Department and maybe I didn't talk to the right one. Audience: Part of that information... Schroers: Okay. And the other question, what exactly are the long term risks to the overall environment and to public health? All the information that we've been listening to and have been able to find out amongst ourselves is that the risk is relatively low. But the bottom line is that no one has been able to tell me that these chemicals are absolutely not harmful to anyone now or at anytime in the future. And I guess in this position, taking the best interest of the residents of the city of Chanhassen and other people that are going to use these parks, if I don't know for sure and am positively convinced myself that these procedures and the products being used are totally, absolutely safe, how can I justify 11 saying that we should use them. 1 mean 1 don't feel that we are in that position and this is a difficult thing to do. Dr. DeProspo: Maybe I can help you out a little bit. Okay. This is what I was trying to get to before and didn't get a chance because I wanted to work up to this so that I could give you the full background on how this is worked. Schroers: Can you be brief with it please? Dr. DeProspo: Yes I will. What we've done is we've worked out some risk analysis for both permethrine and resmethrine. The government sets what they call an allowable daily intake, which is now called the reference dose and essentially what that is is it's a dose that's allowed to be taken ' internally over a lifetime which will not give you any undue adverse effects. Okay. Based on those numbers. These are published numbers. These are numbers that have been in the Federal Register. Okay. Using ' these numbers, we put together some risk assessments based on the treatments that MMCD does. For permethrine. The allowable daily intake is .05 milligrams per kilogram per day, which means that essentially a 70 kilogram person, okay. It's about 150 pounds. Would be able to absorb, and that's the key thing. Absorb 3 1/2 milligrams of permethrine a day. Which is less than the amount on the head of a match. However, this is 3 1/2 grams of material. I just wanted to show you this. This is the amount of resmethrine that's spread over an acre. Okay, so it's a very small amount of material. Based on these assumptions, the thermal absorption you'd be able to essentially roll around on 20 square feet every day for the rest of your life, bare naked and that, whatever was put on the ground in that 20 square feet, would be absorbed up into your skin. That's given the fact that that's all absorbed. If you were to eat the material. Okay. You could eat essentially the foliage that was sprayed about 3 1/2 square feet of foliage for the rest of your life every day for the rest of your life without causing any undue effects. As far as inhalation goes, we didn't work that out because essentially it's not an inhalation problem. The droplet sizes that are used are non - respirable. They're too large in ' order to get down into the lower lungs where absorption occurs. For resmethrine, the allowable daily intake for resmethrine is 30 micrograms 1 per kilogram per day. Again, for a 70 kilogram person, 150 pounds, essentially they could be exposed to a fog as we use for 23 hours a day, every day for the rest of their life, assuming they'll live through 70 1 1 Park and Rec Commission Meeting July 28, 1992 - Rage 21 years. Let's see. Thermally for resmethrine. From based on studies that we've done with rabbits. If somebody were to be exposed for 21 days, repeated exposure for 21 days, essentially they could roll around on 40 acres of treated foliage, presuming that that was absorbed into the body every day for 3 weeks without any undue harm. Orally. , Schroers: And presuming that you're a rabbit. I mean how does that translate to humans? Dr. DeProspo: That is translating to humans. Because it's based on a weight /weight basis. So if you have a 5 kilogram rabbit, on an average basis, it's a ratio. So it depends on how much weight. It's the same amount of material based on a weigh basis. Schroers: I understand what you're saying. 1 Dr. DeProspo: Okay. Orally, essentially you would be able to eat 52.5 square feet of foliage that was treated with resmethrine every day for the 11 rest of your life. That's a pretty big salad. So this is the point that I'm trying to get to you and putting it in these types of terms. Schroers: Basically, being brief, your whole point is that, in your opinion, it is very safe. Dr. DeProspo: Yes. I mean these are numbers. I'd be more than happy to II talk over with you. These are based on scientific facts. These are studies that are down at the EPA that have been approved by the EPA. The numbers have been published by the EPA. The studies have been published by the EPA. 1 Eric Rivkin: Dr. DeProspo, why does the label say that it's highly toxic to birds and fish? 1 Dr. DrProspo: Because that's a canned statement that was used a while back before it was, before you had to put in environmental data. The other thing is that, as I said before, one of the things that we are fighting is II the fish toxicity. We don't believe it's toxic to fish. We've got data that's it coming out of the New York Department of Environmental Conservation that supports our story that it is not in fact that toxic to II fish. Eric Rivkin: Peter...Zoology at the University of Florida in 1991 did a study and he concluded Scourge, which is resmethrine, is extremely toxic toll non - target...firefly larvae. Are you aware of that study? Dr. DrProspo: No, I'm not. 1 Eric Rivkin: Well it's true and it's right in here. Schroers: Okay, what's happening here is exactly what we were hoping wouldn't happen. We are taking up our entire meeting with this issue and at this point in time, I guess the only thing that I would, are there any other questions from the Commissioners? If there isn't, the additional information that I would like to provide is that both the City of 1 Park and Rec Commission Meeting 1 July 28, 1992 - Page 22 Minneapolis and Hennepin Parks have opted not to use the adulticide spray in their parks. They feel that, I contacted people in those areas and they feel that any chemical organism that attacks and kills something in the environment is not necessarily environmentally friendly. I mean it is 1 toxic enough to kill a particular species and I don't know that we have all the answers for what's going to happen 10 -20 years down the road. I guess that unless there is objections from anyone on the Commission, I would be willing to attempt a motion on this. Koubsky: I think I'd like to make a statement if I could. I did review all this data and I appreciate people submitting the information. I want 11 to reassure you that I did review all of it and read most of it and I did find it very enlightening, specifically the World Health Organization information. That, I don't think any of the other commissioners had. 11 That's besides the point but I did read it. I did have a fairly long dissertation here but I'm not going to go through it and I'm going to go to my punch line, if that's okay. Again, I would like to thank you for the information and I do commend the MMCD for using chemicals or compounds that ' do appear not to have an extremely adverse effect to the environment. I know chemicals have changed throughout the time and you've done studies. Other people have done studies. You've listened and you've changed. I don't again know your history but it seems to be, from what I read, that the material that you use, based on these guidances, at on the short term, do not have adverse effects on the environment, used at application rates as prescribed. I guess I'm going to just get into a little dissertation here. It's just going to last a minute. I am concerned about the health and safety of the residents of Chanhassen. I'm also concerned about protecting the environment of Chanhassen and feel it's our responsibility to come up with solutions to weigh out human health threats and environmental threats. My personal feeling is not to go with either of the options listed by Todd but that we do restrict the use of mosquito control and adulticides in the city parks. It almost seems to be a question about why we're discussing it since we haven't used them in parks for a year anyway. We may be talking about the wrong topic and I'm assuming larvacides will be our next topic. But I would however recommend that we request the MMCD to monitor the city parks for all types of mosquitoes, including the Aedes triseriatus which is responsible for transmitting LaCrosse encephalitis disease. I don't know if this is 11 possible but I think a guideline could be established that would provide an acceptable level of this mosquito in our parks. And if the levels were exceeded, some type of appropriate treatment should be initiated. I'd hope ' that the MMCD would assist the City in establishing these guidelines and that we would have them in place prior to requesting the MMCD to stop treatment, and this again would be for a public health concern. In in the interim I think we would request the MMCD to coordinate with the city, and I am a little disturbed that we did an application without our knowledge, but I understand that happens. And I accept your apology. You coordinate with the city and inform us of their intent whenever they want to use adulticides in the city parks and give their rationale for doing so. Possibly mosquito counts which you are aware of. And again to post signage if applications have been made, which you've done. Again, it's not my 1 intent to chastise or allienate the MMCD but to work with them to protect our environment and the citizens of Chanhassen. Again, I commend your cooperation with me in providing me information and I also commend you for Park and Rec Commission Meeting July 28, 1992 - Page 23 , providing the information that I needed and will look into further. That's my statement. 1 Schroers: Okay, thanks. Mr. Green, one thing. How does Mosquito Control feel about biological control of mosquitoes versus the chemical control? I Are you active in those areas? Do you feel that removing the breeding areas. they can be removed on a regular basis? Plugging up tree holes and doing whatever is possible to encourage biological predators on mosquitoes to come into the area. Do you think that that is a valid alternative? Or maybe not an alternative but something that can be used in conjunction with and is Mosquito Control interested in pursuing that area? Ross Green: You're talking about two different things. Susan, would you II like to address the biological aspect because we have a different type of mosquito here that doesn't...from the larval control standpoint. And Dave II can address the artificial container or site modification part. - Dr. Palchick: Proof of the adult control alternatives, the article that you just got was in a Mosquito Control publication and it talks about the 11 bat houses and everything else and gives an evaluation of...things for adult mosquito control. It doesn't give any of them of a very favorable review. 1 Ross Green: There's also an article in the National Wildlife about the purple martin situation. I don't think there's any doubt that you're dealing with...treating mosquitoes but there's a palethra of creatures out II there to eat and the insect world is a very dynamic one with many, many representatives and numbers within that...is very questionable as you can see and for the record. ' Dave Neitzel: Regarding the removal of artificial containers, that's something that we do encourage and I'd like to see more of that happen at Lake Ann. It's quite conceiveable that if the efforts are kept up to keep , these containers out, the need for the adult mosquito treatment would be reduced or eliminated. At least as far as Aedes triseriatus mosquitoes go. Schroers: But is that something that you're program does? Do your people actually pick up and remove these containers? Dave Neitzel: Yes. I inspected the park myself and removed over 250 beer 11 bottles, beverage cans, there was an old rubber boot that was full of mosquito larvae. If it collects water, those mosquitoes will be in it. ' Schroers: Okay, thank you. Thank you very much. You've answered the question. Lash: I have one quick question too in regards to the meeting on the 23rd.II We discussed where the helicopters landing now and I think we were told it was McKnight Park in Chaska. Is that correct? This isn't really any of II our business but since I work in that area and I'm an employee of the School District, I'm interested if you received permission from someone to use that as a site to load? Park and Rec Commission Meeting July 28, 1992 - Page 24 Dr. Pelchick: Yeah, the public works. The person in charge of public works... Ross Green: Can I just mention one thing that you mentioned and that's the ' mixing of materials on the landing sites. There's no mixing that goes on in these areas at all. What they are is bags of material that are poured into hoppers is what they are. They're not mixed at all. It's simply a loading place and it's generally in a park area because there's room to land and to take off and there's no one around when that happens. So that's again from a cultural standpoint, an area to land... • Schroers: Okay, thank you very much. Dr. Pelchick: I found his name. It's Tom Redmond and also we don't load ' it during school. This has been after school's out. Schroers: Thank you very much for all your information. It's time for us to make a motion on this and I'm ready to do so. Andrews: I'm ready to take a shot at it. I'll make this as brief as I can. I don't like swatting mosquitoes any more than anybody else. 1 However, I sort of have this vision of, if I was driving down a road and I saw two parks next to each other that were identical in all respects except one park had mosquito control efforts obvious and ongoing versus a park without that, my perception is, I would choose the park that to me conveys more of a natural setting which is without active control. My motion is that we ban adulticides in the park except for control of disease, which would include LaCrosse encephalitis and the only time adulticides would be used in the park would be at specific request of the City. Like for special events or large gatherings that we have, we could make an advance notice and request for. That's my motion. Schroers: Is there a second to that motion? Koubsky: I guess with that I'd also ask the MMCD to help the City ' establish some guidelines for what are acceptable levels of disease bearing mosquitoes. Lash: Is this open to review at a later period of time? Andrews: Any motion is open to revocation or change. I mean that's. Lash: No, but as part of your motion is that it were to be reviewed say in the fall of '93 and we would. Andrews: I guess I would assume this would be reviewed annually because I think we're going to get some feedback pro or con. Lash: Can I make a friendly amendment that it be reviewed by this Board? Andrews: Sure. I have no problem with that. 1 Lash: In the fall of '93. 1 Park and Rec Commission Meeting July 28, 1992 - Page 25 Andrews: Just to clarify Dave on disease control. I said that would not be limited. , Koubsky: Right. Andrews: Okay. ' Lash: Do you also wish to have City Council review this in respect to more of the City than just the parks? Andrews: I think that's beyond what we're here for. Schroers: In order to make this clear, can we restate this. Reorganize ill and ask for a second and move on it. Then if it fails. Andrews: Okay, I'll restate it as best I can. I move that we ban ' adulticides in city parks except as they...ban. And when was it, 1993. And that if we were to consider the use of adulticides, it would be at the • specific request of the City and for no other reason in the meantime, before 1993. Schroers: Is there a second to that motion? ' Lash: Second. Andrews moved, Lash seconded to ban adulticides in city parks except for 1 control of disease, which would include LaCrosse encephalitis. The only time adulticides would be used in the parks would be at the specific request of the City, and to review it in the Fall of 1993. Andrews and Lash voted in favor. Pemrick, Schroers and Erickson voted in opposition. II Koubsky and Berg abstained. The motion failed. Schroers: Okay, can I make an attempt? Okay, I would like to move in 1 regards to the larval control briquettes. To allow their continued use providing notification of treatment areas and times are provided. In regard to the adulticides, I would eliminate their use completely. In regards to the landing, take off and loading of MMCD helicopter or, we now understand that there is not mixing involved but also the accumulation of high volumes of unneeded chemicals within the confines of the city parks, II not take place. And also, that staff and city actively pursue other measures of controlling the mosquitoes such as volunteer groups who are willing to remove breeding site containers, possibly plugging tree cavities if we find that, and whatever else we can do from a community standpoint to try and help controlling the mosquitoes and hopefully some point in the future less chemical may have to be used. And that's my motion. Is there a second? 1 Lash: I have to ask for clarification, because it was so long. I got lost in the middle. What was the second part In regards to the adult mosquito I control? Schroers: The adult mosquito control was to eliminate the use of adulticides. Period. Park and Rec Commission Meeting July 28, 1992 - Page 26 Lash: Is this open to review? Schroers: No. I would just like to vote on it. This is my motion. I'd like to ask for a second. Lash: No, I mean in 1993? Schroers: Oh, in 1993 yes. It can come back before the commission again. Okay, is there a second? Erickson: Second. Schroers: Okay, all in favor. Koubsky: Point of order Mr. Chairman. Can we discuss the motion before we vote? Schroers: Yes. ' Koubsky: Help my in my own mind. How are your motions different? Schroers: The fact that with Jim's motion you could still use the adulticide if we requested it or special activities. Is that right? If it's requested. But who can request it? I mean does it have to be requested by Park and Rec? Does it have to be requested by City Council? And I'm trying to be consistent in following suit with other major park programs who have totally, completely disallowed the use of the adulticides. Koubsky: And you're talking with, I assume you've done some conversations with Hennepin Parks for example. What was their rationale for banning the use? I'm assuming they had the same people give them the same information. ' What caused them to vote the way they did? Do you know? Schroers: I am not authorized to speak on behalf of Hennepin Parks so I ' don't feel that I can do that at this point in time. I think there are other things that come into play when an activity is going on in a highly used area, people get inquisitive. They say, what is going on. They start ' asking a lot of questions. They get very uncomfortable and it could tend to deter business would be one thing. That is my opinion. That's not Hennepin Parks speaking. The City of Minneapolis chose not to use adulticides. They didn't get into specifics. I just asked them if they ' are using them. They said no. They felt that they were more of a threat, both as a health hazard and to the environment than the larvacides were and they chose not to go with the adulticides. Berg: Did we allow the friendly amendment to have this reviewed in Fail of 1993? Schroers: Yes. Lash: And in your motion now, I've forgotten. For the larva. The briquettes. What did you say? 1 Park and Rec Commission Meeting II July 28, 1992 - Page 27 r 1 Schroers: That is for, to allow their continued use providing notification of treatment areas and times are provided. That they would notify the city. Let us know that they're going to be there and that they're going toll be treating an area. Any other discussion in regards to the motion? Schroers moved, Erickson seconded to approve the following regarding ' mosquito control in City of Chanhassen Parks: 1. In regards to larval control briquettes, allow their use to continue I providing notification of the treatment areas and times are provided; 2. In regards to Adult Mosquito Control Chemicals (Cold Fogging), to eliminate their use and to re- evaluate the program in the fall of 1993;1 3. In regards to the landing, take off and loading of the MMCD helicopter in city parks, that this practice be prohibited. 1 4. That staff and city actively pursue other measures of controlling mosquitoes such as volunteer groups who are willing to remove breeding II site containers, possibly plugging tree cavities if we find that, and whatever else we can do from a community standpoint to try and help controlling the mosquitoes and hopefully some point in the future less ' chemical may have to be used. All voted in favor except Koubsky who opposed and Andrews abstained. The motion carried. Schroers: It still passes and it goes to Council. Thank you very much for your time. All your information. We appreciate it. I 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 PACKET 3 1 1 Report to the Park and Recreation Commission dated June 16, 1992, and resulting minutes of the June 23 Park and 1 Recreation Commission meeting 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 1 1 CITYOF _.--- ClIANIIASSEN 0 COULTER DRIVE • P.O. BOX 147 • CHANHASSEN, MINNESOTA 69 SOT 55317 (612) 937 -1900 • FAX (612) 937 -5739 ' MEMORANDUM TO: Park and Recreation Comnssion ' FROM: Todd Hoffman, Park and Recreation Coordinator DATE: June 16, 1992 SUBJ: Visitor Presentations, Mosquito Control: a. Eric Rivkin, Resident b. Ross Green, Metropolitan Mosquito Control As you may or may not be aware, the Metropolitan Mosquito District (MMCD) has been controlling mosquitos in the seven county metropolitan area since 1958 (see attached brochure). The stated mission of the district is to suppress mosquito transmitted disease, and to reduce annoyance levels of mosquitos and gnats below that which interferes with outdoor activities. The district operates as a special tax district, generating its revenue as a part of property taxes. The district's control methods and products do not go unscrutinized. The application of the pesticide Punt 57 -0S within 100 feet of Lake Ann quickly brought this issue to focus. This application of Punt was in violation of its EPA label. Based on this information, the Minnesota ' Department of Agriculture (MDA) asked the court to assess a $1,000 civil penalty against the MMCD, and ordered them to remedy the violation by appointing the responsible employee to speak on the importance of complying with the Minnesota Pesticides Law. Mr. Rivkin's actions of requesting an MDA pesticides damage inspection led to this action being taken. Clearly the jury is still out on the safety and effectiveness of the activities of the MMCD. However, the city needs to take a position on issues in this regard. The MMCD currently applies larval control products (briquettes) in many locations in Chanhassen, and has applied adult control products (cold fogging) at Lake Ann Park and Lake Susan Park in past years. The district also utilizes a parking lot at Lake Ann' Park for the loading of control products into a helicopter for application in the area. The district stated that permission for this activity was ' granted by a maintenance employee. That granting of permission shall be invalid until reviewed by the Park and Recreation Commission, Public Safety Commission, and City Council. 1 I am confident that you will hear different and conflicting viewpoints on the operations of the MMCD on June 23. However, it is our burden to decide whether or not we would like the district to operate at Lake Ann Park and Lake Susan Park, and to what degree. 1 Fir iss, PRINTED ON RECYCLED PAPER Park and Recreation Commission 1 June 16, 1992 Page 2 1 Attachments 1 • 1. MMCD Brochure 2. Tree Hole Mosquito Brochure 3. MMCD Mission Statement and Goals 4. Map of MMCD District 5. Packet of Information Concerning Pesticide Damage Inspection 1 pc: Eric Rivkin Ross Green Don Ashworth, City Manager Mayor and City Council • Public Safety Commission 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 • METROPOLITAN MOSQUITO CONTROL DISTRICT 1 MISSION STATEMENT THE MISSION OF THE METROPOLITAN MOSQUITO CONTROL • DISTRICT IS TO SUPPRESS MOSQUITO TRANSMITTED DISEASE AND 70 REDUCE .ANNOYANCE LEVELS OF MOSQUITOES AND GNATS 1 BELOW THAT WHICH INTERFERES WITH OUTDOOR ACTIVITIES. GOALS 1 GOAL 1 TO DEVELOP AND PUBLICIZE THE DISTRICT'S LONG RANGE AND ANNUAL PLANS. GOAL 2 TO USE ENVIRONMENTALLY SENSITIVE CONTROL MATERIALS THAT ASSURE DEPENDABLE AND COST EFFECTIVE CONTROL UNDER VARYING FIELD CONDITIONS. GOAL 3 TO DEVELOP AND MAINTAIN CONSISTENCY IN PROGRAM PROCEDURES THROUGHOUT THE DISTRICT. 1 GOAL 4 TO DEVELOP AND MAINTAIN EFFECTIVE DUALITY ASSURANCE ON ALL PROGRAM PROCEDURES. GOAL 5 TO MAINTAIN A LIBRARY OF CURRENT MOSQUITO CONTROL 1 KNOWLEDGE AND TECHNOLOGY. GOAL 6 70 CONDUCT PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH TO GUIDE CONTROL PROGRAMS. GOAL 7 To DEVELOP AND MAINTAIN EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION, COOPERATION AND SHARING OF RESOURCES BETWEEN THE DISTRICT'S FIELD OFFICES AND PROGRAMS. GOAL 8 TO DEVELOP AND MAINTAIN MONITORING PROGRAMS FOR IMMATURE AND ADULT MOSQUITO, BLACK FLY (GNAT), DEER TICK POPULATIONS, AND DISTRICT RAINFALL GOAL 9 TO IMPROVE AND MONITOR ACCURACY IN ADMINISTRATIVE AND FIELD OPERATIONAL DATA BASES. GOAL 10 TO HAVE CLEAR LINES OF COMMUNICATION BETWEEN THE 1 DISTRICT AND THE PUBLIC. GOAL 11 TO PROMOTE EMPLOYEE PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT, ENHANCE PERSONAL PRODUCTIVITY, WORK SATISFACTION, AND INSURE SAFE WORKING CONDITIONS. l GOAL 12 TO COOPERATE WITH OTHER AGENCIES, WITHIN THE LIMITS OF AVAILABLE RESOURCES, TO MAXIMIZE PUBLIC BENEFIT. 1 MMCD 12/13/89 1 . • 1 ` 1 �_ - Si FRANCIS ■ ETNEI ` - - 1 ' 1 ANOKA __ GRANT Townships s `INwO °D p I asT ftrNa 1 ' ftsto Municipalities BURNS OAK GROVE __I E t 11 1 MILES MI1=11C111111=1 - - - .... I } - - - - -- I I j I 1 SPRING PARK 17 FALCON HEIGHTS I ANOKA CO COLUMBUS s I 2 mum MENDOTA [ 1 3 MINNETONKA MAC" 11 IILTDAIE RAMEEY GROW HAM LAKE I FORE *11 �, 4 tKI LAY 20 GREY CLOUD - 1 NEw SCANDu W f EXCELSIOR 21 LAMD /All I _DATTOM I I I 902157 LAKE I B GREENWOOD 22 NORTMDALE 7 WOODLAND 24. PINE SPRING! I 8 81811701118 2A 08X708101 1 r - - • 801 1L 25 GEM LAKE • III IO Iotl1200*INfOAI[ M 140X0000 LINO I HA 11 !PIING LAW PARK 27 w ort BEAR DAYTON ONEK I 12 811 11011 29 may NASSAN 12 HILLTOP 29 OAK PARK OMAYrIIN COON mom CLMT1IVIlll 14 004.1081* HEIGHT[ SO OAK PARK 141411171 OG(! I MAINE I 15 ST 88744087 31 LAKELAND SNORES �� MAT 'CHAMPLIN (� SS LAlMIDAL[ S2 It PART'[ POINT ' LHYGO I N•NOYER LEXINGTON, 1 010[4.1 918 WASHINGTON CO. 11 E'' ( 1 • 0010 - -1- - - -- GIEtMPI[LD 008(0101 MAPLE 22090 • OuMD 3 SNORUIpr 27 :!i 124.1-4 1100RLYN MIN VI[K !• OAKS LNOb I STILLWATER ROCKFORD I. TlIDLET I 1G N. TK 7I 1 MENNEPIN CO /1001178 818 .... { I GRANT I CENTER 181IGM • IS A' / / � , pIOR(77o DO AID •tILLS/ATI I • 1G ILLS ,. •. • 4.11141 I NCDI8O PLYMOUTH / ITTL[ T - - -I - - W es • I INDEPENDENCE �/ 19 AKAD H N +e 4111 ST. AY 23 MT . 7 P 416 YAPI[ PLAIN I 1 RAYTOWN iOLO[M NAPE 8000 EAST OAKDALE 1 180E M 1 EDICINE LAKE 17 '� 1180 ` - - -- ' 1 M422E72457. ONG LAKIZ • 1 0011 I 1 WEST A oroBD AT AT RAMSEY CO. LAKELANO 8 1 1 / „ YIMN[TOMRA iT. LOYIt R PAUL ' r' - LAtLLAr %./ , � . PARK (� YIMN24PO1JB I P•+K •� I POUND i y - .�/ ' •[[IMAY[M •IR 18i A 1 I LIT. LfOti 91A M , L 1 -,JI � /� ! 8117 f OOODBUR7 I I ! I 1✓'OMI�ACI-3 ' / ST 'A" _ IM* PAUL TM I G/fOR • 1 It j fICHr1El0 At R�O 0[10078 IjjjI1LM AYl 1-1 P RT 1 AVTON ;4.2 HEIGHTS K[ 1 �3'ICtORIa MAMMeffEM [D- I - � .. � I LAKETOwN CNANMASSEN 1 EDEN PRAIRIE % ENVER SROVIII 01. All ' BLOO8INi702 , 1 EAGAN 1 42910 GROVE 1 COTTAGE 0802E 1 0114801 r --- _• - *rEEEL7 _•- 1 I I CNAfK NAKOKL I I DAKOTA CO. - .� 1 DANLGREN tur[r IJ IfAYA EBURNSVILLEI I - j EAGLE CREEK IOLENOALEI I 1 LEBANON . (1 ROSEMOUNT 1 NIHINGER r LOUISVILLE 1 I 10 0U8T I MAST38il r - - - -1 - - -- - - - - - 1 - - -- ft1 - T 1 - - - SAM Pl8401100 I .1* - 4*1 ��rrrr''IIII I 4 KI I - - 1 VERMILLION I8A2E2HA1 l i 4840 CREEK 1 SPRING LAKE i C810I IAKEVI111 I 1149481 I MANfHAH I I I I I I ftR111LLIM � 1 ST. LAWRENCE JO SCOTT CO. _� - -- 8 L8I VIll[ nFAfnNGTBN J L _ _ � LLI rLA1NI — __ . — 1 I f[ - - - _ I 1 r I NEW NARK I y +_ TMLS . 2 1 1 BLAKELY 1 8ELLEPLNE I HELENA CEDAR LAKE I I EUREKA I CASTLE ROCK M I 1 O 128 GABK[7 I I 1 8 I W4Rp1 I DOUGLAS i _ - I GER nABLt L BO ++ i TL I __ 8 -� _ �_ � � �� 1 _ _ .� 1� -�_ � - 1 —I 084004. ►N *HMSO I I 1 a Ol1H I I 111 GREENVALE (WATERFORD 1 1 SCIOTA _1- -1- METROPOLITAN MOSQUITO CONTROL DISTRICT 1 I MAP PREPARED BY TWIN CITIES METROPOLITAN PLANNING COMMISSION 1 .1• fa'4 u.. , MINNESOTA DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE _ s AGRONOMY SERVICES DIVISION II g 4: 90 West Plato Boulevard • St. Paul, Minnesota 55107 Telephone (612) 297 -4870 1 PESTICIDE DAMAGE INSPECTION REQUEST NAME OF PERSON /FIRM REQUESTING DAMAGE INSPECTION TELEPHONE NO. (Incloe Area Ccce) 1 oti C Nc 4f ite( .) 1 (7 0 4 2 72-6 (c / b : , X N•., N , / ,. .U.7 .7 "•. •• N Y /;. 7f 5 7r -c th L CT Cxc-E .S (oYL i(,.60V J7 C..f72✓51— 1 NAME OF INDIVIDUAL FOR WHOM PESTICIDE WAS APPLIED TELEPHONE NO. (Incluae Area Ccce) STREET ADDRESS, :6X NO., AND /OR RURAL ROUTE CITY STATE ZIP CODE COUNTY I • NAME OF PERSON /FIRM APPLYING THE PESTICIDE TELEPHONE NO. (Include Area Ccce) I /qe -rZep "..COl'a. c.cyv77201...... 0 _57 e 1 cT G � f fief.? STREET ADDRESS, BOX NO., AND /OR RURAL ROUTE CITY STATE Z1P CODE COUNTY I NAME OF PESTICIDE APPLIED WHICH ALLEGEDLY CAUSED DAMAGE DATE OF APPLICATION DATE DAMASF 6SER�w , nJtU7' S7 -a 5 Sc 0-7-4-24 /ti5`z�G t p j� 4 6�/ Z e// z7t i 1 DESCRIPTION OF DAMAGE (Use Map on Reverse Side to Snow Location): 1 • 1 1 1 1 1 I I HEREBY REQUEST THE COMMISSIONER OF AGRICULTURE OR HIS AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE TO MARE AN INSPECTION OF THE ABOVE. q S IGNATURE:^- t•�i� . DATE: 41 , . - FOR OFFICE USE ONLY - 1NS?ECTOR ASSIGNED TO INVESTIGATE DATE ASSIGNED INSPECTION AUTHORIZED BY DATE 01S ?ATCRED 1 AG. 00155 -04 • REV. 5 /E. L.V '.C. +'.. • 90 WEST PLATO BOULEVARD LAND OF QUALITY FOODS ''7 SAINT PAUL, MINNESOTA 5510 1 STATE OF MINNESOTA • DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE I In the Matter of ACKNOWLEDGEMENT OF VIOLATION , Metropolitan Mosquito Control District St. Paul, Minnesota CASE FILE NO. 91-0311 . 1 Dr. Sjogren: 1. That he represents :he Metropolitan Mosquito Control District (MMCD) at its Jordan, 1 Minnesota office. - 2. That he received a Notice of Intent - Enforcement Action from the Minnesota I Department of Agriculture (MDA) dated December 6, 1991. 3. That MMCD is aware of its right to contest the allegations contained in that Notice of 1 Intent - Enforcement Action by refusing to settle with MDA and hereby waives that • right. . -- • -- 4. That he hereby acknowledges on behalf of MMCD that the violation identified by the , - MDA in the December 6, 1991 Notice of Intent - Enforcement Action was committed 1 by MMCD. 5. That he hereby agrees on behalf of MMCD to refrain from committing the violation described in the above - referenced Notice of Intent - Enforcement Action and , understands that repeated violations may subject MMCD to injunctive relief or 1 additional civil penalties. - Metropolitan Mosquito Control District 1 • c • IF D . i �� Subscribed and sworn to before me By: Dr. Robert<Sjogren D.,1,\ - • I this I0.` day of 111C,V, 1994. Title: . _____ ( .. 1 0 ,, ),_ ttlyall witink & Komodo 1 Notary Public • '" RAMSEY COUNTY I MI MMtSOTA • CRS y ENJOY THE HIGH QUALITY AND INFINITE VARIETY OF MINNESOTA FOODS 1 AN EQUAL OPPORTUNITY EMPLOYER I 1 DEPARTMENT: OF AGRICULTURE STATE OF MINNESOTA 1 • Office Memorandum DATE: February 26, 1992 1 TO: Case File # 91 -0311 • 1 FROM: Alice A. Waller Q ' - Agricultural Chemicals Enforcement Unit Agronomy Services Division • PHONE (612) 297 -5732 ' SUBJECT: CLOSING FILE NUMBER 91-0311; MMCD This memo will serve to close file number 91 -0311 concerning a nonagricultural follow -up inspection of Metropolitan Mosquito Control District (MMCD), St. Paul, Minnesota. MMCD was assessed or (1) count of a certified applicator violation for the use of a pesticide inconsistent with label directions by applying pesticides in -to water. A NOTICE OF INTENT - ENFORCEMENT ORDER was issued on December 6, 1991, to remedy the noted violations. The monetary penalty of $ 1,000.00 was paid in full to the Pesticide Regulatory Account on January 6, 1992. MMCD personel spoke at the February 25, 1992 license recertification training completing the requirements of the December 6, 1991 Order. This NOTICE OF INTENT - ENFORCEMENT ORDER is determined to be sufficient enforcement action for this case. cc: Heidi Fischer, Enforcement Unit Supervisor �-��- John Peckham, Facilities Regulatory Unit Supervisor ' Lavarre Uhlken, USEPA Pat Kelly, Agricultural Chemicals Investigator 1 1 1 • • 1 y G. WEST !_ST rLATC SCUL'cVArD ND OF CUALITY FOCCS `� SAINT PAUL, MINNESOTA 55107 I December 6, 1991 STATE OF MINNESOTA . (612) 297 -2528 DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE I CERTIFIED MAIL RETURN RECEIPT REQUESTED. 1 Metropolitan Mosquito Control District Dr. Robert Sjogren 2380 Wycliff Street St. Paul, MN 55114 SUBJECT: NOTICE OF INTENT - ENFORCEMENT ACTION ' CASE FILE NO. 91 -0311, Dear Dr. Sjorgren: Enclosed please find a Notice of Intent - Enforcement Action issued to you by the Minnesota Department of Agriculture (MDA) pursuant to its authority under the Minnesota Pesticide Law, Minnesota Statutes Chapters 18B, 18C, and 18D (1990). This Notice establishes a proposed I monetary penalty and describes steps to be taken to abate violations of ,the law. The MDA will not commence legal action for the noted violations unless Metropolitan Mosquito Control District fails to comply with the terms of the Notice, which includes returning the enclosed Acknowledgement of Violation within forty -five (45) days. In the event that MMCD complies with the terms of the Notice and pays the proposed penalty within this time period, no further legal 1 action will be taken by the MDA with respect to these violations. If you have additional information that you believe materially changes the factual basis for this I Notice of Intent - Enforcement Action, you may submit such information by letter to this office for review and evaluation. However, the enclosed Notice remains effective until you are otherwise notified in writing by the MDA. I If you have any questions about the enclosed document, please write or call me. . Sincerely, 1 Heidi L Fischer, Supervisor Agricultural Chemicals Enforcement Unit Compliance and Enforcement Section 1 Agronomy Services Division HLF /AAW:llc . Enclosure 1 cc: Paul Liemandt, MDA . MI C WN ENJOY THE HIGH QUALITY AND INFINITE VARIETY OF MINNESOTA FOODS C A`s AN EQUAL OPPORTUNITY EMPLO i 1 1111 • • bcc: Pat Kelly, ACI MDA ' Bill Oemichen, MDA LaVarre Uhlken, U.S. EPA i 1 . . 1 1. • . r 1 1 1. r �.: LAND OF DUALITY FOODS _ � 90 WEST PLATO BOULEVARD SAINT PAUL. MINNESOTA 55107 STATE OF MINNESOTA DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE In the Matter of NOTICE OF INTENT 1 Metropolitan Mosquito Control District - ENFORCEMENT ACTION St. Paul, Minnesota CASE FILE NO. 91-0311 L INTRODUCTION This Notice of Intent - Enforcement Action is issued to the Metropolitan Mosquito Control I District (MMCD) pursuant to the Minnesota Department of Agriculture's (MDA) authority to enforce the Minnesota Pesticide Law and Fertilizer Laws. MDA is authorized by Minnesota Statutes Chapters 18B, 18C and 18D (1990) to initiate civil actions to enforce the law and recover civil penalties. FACTUAL BACKGROUND II. Based upon information available to it on the date of this Notice, MDA alleges the following 1 facts: A. The MMCD is a facility located at 2380 Wycliff Street, St. Paul, Minnesota 55114, with 1 an office located at 17575 Valley View Drive, Jordan, Minnesota 55352. B. The MMCD is a facility that uses, handles, distributes and stores pesticides. , C. Michael Gill is a seasonal employee, employed by the MMCD, whose work station is located at 17575 Valley View Drive, Jordon, Minnesota 55352. 1 D. On June 12, 1991, the Minnesota Department of Agriculture received a confidential complaint alleging the improper use of pesticide by the MMCD earlier that. day. E. Responding to that complaint, MDA inspected the alleged involved site on June 13, 1991. 1 F. In the course of that inspection, MDA documented that the MMCD applied the pesticide Punt 57-OS (EPA Registration number 42737 -1) within 100 feet (30 meters) I of Lake Ann, Hennepin County. G. Results of MDA Division of Laboratory Services analysis from samples collected during II the course of the inspection indicated the presence of permethrin- cis /trans, the active • ingredient in Punt 57 -OS, on foliage located within 100 feet of Lake Ann, including foliage directly adjacent to Lake Ann. 1 • MIM?RSOTA GRa W14 ENJOY THE HIGH QUALITY AND INFINITE VARIETY OF MINNESOTA FOODS 1 AN EQUAL OPPORTUNITY EMPLOYER .NU1.11.0 Ut till.G..k 1 December 6, 1991 1 H. According to its EPA label, Punt 57 -OS may not be used within 100 feet (30 meters) 1 of water. III. ALLEGED VIOLATIONS ' Based upon the facts as alleged above, the MDA alleges that MMCD has violated the following provi•::,n of the Minnesota Pesticide Law: ' 1. Minnesota Statutes Section 18B.07, Subd. 2 (a)(1), by using a pesticide in a manner that is inconsistent with a label or labeling as defined by kit-EA. ' 1V. CIVIL ACTION ' A MDA intends to file suit in Hennepin District Court forty -five (45) days from the date of this Notice. B. Based upon the violations alleged above, MDA will ask the Court to: 1. Declare the actions taken by the MMCD described above to be violations of the 1 Minnesota Pesticide Law; 2. Assess a civil penalty of S1.000.00 against MMCD for the violations identified above; ' ' 3. Order the MMCD to refrain from engaging in activity which will result in future violations. Prohibited activities include: 111 applying a pesticide in a manner prohibited by the pesticide label directions. 4. Order the MMCD to pay MDA its litigation costs and expenses incurred in 1 pursuit of this action. C. MMCD is HEREBY ORDERED to remedy the above - described violations by: 1. Appointing the responsible employee to speak on the importance of complying with the Minnesota Pesticide Law at the Metro Mosquito Control District pesticide applicators recertification workshop to be held at St. Louis Park, Minnesota, in February of 1992. The responsible employee will also speak on their own misapplication of pesticides and, as noted in this Order, how the ' misapplication violates the Minnesota Pesticide Law and endangers the environment. The responsible employee(s) shall draft a ten (10) minute presentation outline and provide it to the Department for pre - approval by January 31, 1992. The MDA will notify you of the exact date in February, of the applicators workshop, upon completion of program scheduling. • An MDA official will inspect the MMCD to verify'that the above - described steps have been successfully completed and that the MMCD is complying with the Minnesota Pesticide Law. 1 1 2 December 6, 1991 • V. SETTLEMENT OPPORTUNITY 1) A. The MDA will not take the civil enforcement actions identified above if, within forty- five (45) days: 1. The MMCD pays the civil penalty proposed in Part IV; and 2. The MMCD completes, signs, and returns the attached Acknowledgement of I Violation form. B. Civil penalties and Acknowledgement of Violation forms may be returned to: 1 Pesticide Enforcement Unit Attention: Pesticide Regulatory Account #114457 Minnesota Department of Agriculture 90 West Plato Boulevard St. Paul, Minnesota 55107 ' VL EFFECT OF SETTLEMENT If the MMCD pays the proposed civil penalty and returns the completed and signed 1 Acknowledgement of Violation within forty -five (45) days of this Notice, MDA will not initiate the civil action described above. Failure to pay the above - described penalty and return the completed I and signed Acknowledgement of Violation form will cause MDA to initiate a civil action for the • remedies described above. VII. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION If the MMCD has additional information which materially changes the factual allegations 1 described above, that information may be submitted to MDA in writing for review and evaluation. However, MDA's Notice of Intent - Enforcement Action will remain effective until the MMCD is notified otherwise by MDA. Dated: December 6, 1991 1 HE 'DI L FISCHER, SUPERVISOR Agricultural Chemicals Enforcement Unit Compliance and Enforcement Section Agronomy Services Division HLF /AAW:llc (612) 297 -2528 1 1 1 3 - , j 0 ....a6 P KeIky i j--- 7 1 17 - . METROPOLITAN MOSQUITO CONTROL DISTRICT „.:'': ,rte STREET e ST. PAUL. " ,(NNESDi: 5511 • 1 R.D. SJOGREN, F-11.0. W.J. CAESAR Cirector Business Ad,^.;in. December 21, 1990 Eric Rivkin =` / -. -,• -• 4 - ?l•z L, - C.::- 1695 Steller Court Excelsior, MN 55331 - Dear Mr. Rivkin: I This letter is to clarify the scope of the LaCrosse Encephalitis Prevention Program in the metropolitan area and to answer your questions on mosquito control in the Lake Ann ' Park area. The Metropolitan Mosquito Control District — LaCrosse II Encephalitis Prevention Program is working in several ways to protect the children of the metropolitan area: I 1. pedes triseriatus Surveillance: During the mosquito season we are constantly sampling wooded areas of the District to find high population I concentrations of be, tsygexiat..us.. These concentrations are targeted for control efforts. In addition, areas where past cases of LaCrosse encephalitis have occurred II are continually monitored to make sure that Ae. L:iz2Ilatiz populations are kept as low as possible. 2. Aedes triseriatus Control: 1 A. Public education ro ram P g s The best way to control 8e,,, tzi eriatug is to remove I areas where this mosquito is produced (water - holding waste tires, cans, plastic containers, treeholes). Due to the abundance of these potential mosquito I breeding sites, the most effective control is . achieved when the public assists in the clean up of. these sites. Our LaCrosse crew can not possibly remove every tire and container site in our 3000+ square mile District. Therefore we stress public education efforts so that citizens can take a role in disease prevention on their own property and in their II community. • ' AFFIRMATIVE ACTION EMPLOYER 1 1 Eric Rivkin 12/21/90 page 2 Our public education efforts include: • 1 - Distribution of several thousand LaCrosse encephalitis prevention leaflets every year. City of Chanhassen has received ample quantities over the past two years. - Annual press releases to over 50 local papers, television and radio stations. - Communication to cities where problem levels of Ae, tZ1seriatug have been identified. Letters describe the problem and offer our technical assistance (eg. how to develop a nuisance ordinance that includes prohibiting 8g,, triserituB breeding habitat. Chanhassen was the first city to receive this assistance and develop an ordinance). B. Breeding site removal In 1989 we began a cooperative arrangement with the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency (MPCA) -Waste Tire Program. The MPCA is currently working on the clean 1 up of all known tire dumps in the state. In 1989 and again this year they provided us with funding to cover the cost of tire disposal up to $3000. per year. With this money we could remove waste tires from high disease risk areas (including Mound). As part of the agreement, any piles of 50 or more tires have been reported to the MPCA for abatement action. We have used all the funding available and have removed over 7000 tires from the field since August of 1989. In addition, many of the several dozen tire dumps (> 50 tires) we reported, have also been cleaned up. In addition to tire clean up our program removes 1 mosquito- breeding containers and fills in treeholes as they are found during our surveillance activities (usually several hundred per year). 1 Our program continues to progress. More people are aware of the disease, and many past problem spots (eg. tire dumps near residential areas) are now gone. In 1989 and 1990 to date, the Minnesota Department of Health has reported no confirmed cases of LaCrosse encephalitis within .the seven county . District. Counties outside our District to the southeast have reported several cases both years. • 1 1 1 Eric Rivkin 12/21/90 1 page 3 ' In as much as you have already been sent section maps, treatment records, and control material labels (including adult mosquito control materials; Scourge and Punt) for larval mosquito control in the Lake Lucy /Lake Ann Park area, the following information addresses your remaining inquiries involving adult mosquito control in the Lake Ann Park area (including Greenwood Shores Park). 1989: No cold fog treatments (Control Material: Scourge) were done. There were four (4) I • harborage treatments (Control Material: Punt) done on the following dates: 6/13, 6/29, 8/9, and 8/24/89. As we have discussed over the phone, harborage treatments are applied to the vegetation at the perimeter of woodlots and according to the label. 1990: There was one (1) cold fog treatment on 7/12/90. 1 There were four (4) harborage treatments on the • following dates: 6/8, 6/20, 7/26, and 8/6/90. Communities such as Chanhassen can and do request adult mosquito control for their parks and any civic functions that take place, but the MMCD is not limited to those 1 requests. Other than your concerns there were'no health related or ' complaints reported. Respectfully, 1 0 ,(1161 � Ross Green 1 Public Information cc: Harold Trende, Carver County /MMCC Commissioner ' Todd Hoffman, Park /Rec. Director, Chanhassen Scott Harr, Public Safety Director, Chanhassen David Neitzel, MMCD LaCrosse Program Leader ' William J. Caesar, MMCD Business Administrator Dr. Robert Sjogren, MMCD Director Dr. Susan Paichick, MMCD Aedeg Program Manager Ernie Wermerskirchen, MMCD Supervisor 1 1 1 91 -0311 SUMMARY Complaint: human exposure Lake Ann Park, Chanhassen, Minnesota - father & 2 children picnicking in park - noticed strong odor from woods - suffered headaches, dizziness & nausea - 7 yr old dizzy, lying down ( doesn't normally take nap in afternoon) Complainant noticed shiny substance sprayed on leaves - leaves had same odor as in air - spoke with MMCD & was informed about fogger 6 -12 -91 MDA received complaint 1 6 -13 -91 MDA conducted inspection of area & contacted complainant - obtained vegetation samples of target site ' - a vegetation sample (foliage from trees & shrubs) collected in an area of 75'- 125' from the shore of Lake Ann - a vegetation sample (foliage from trees & shrubs) collected in an area of 0'- 3' from the shore of Lake *Ann Inspector's Report - met with complainant 6 -13 -91 examined Ash leaves complainant had taken from park area - leaves had faint oil /petro solvent odor - complainant could easily detect "odor" & got headache - complainant accompanied MDA to park /target site - inspector noticed shiny leaves on foliage near parking lot - shiny leaves were in pattern 3' -4' above ground in 1' ban - complainant reported being able to smell the pesticide - MDA inspector did not detect a pesticide odor - nature of pattern eliminated natural causes such as dew or leaf sap from overhanging branches - pattern of spray was consistent throughout park - all species of trees /shrubs had similar patterns of spray - most of treated vegetation was W & E of playground /beach area - treated vegetation also at shore line - sample of treated vegetation taken approx. 80' -90' S of lake - sample taken 3' -4' from shoreline - all vegetation sampled was coated w/a greasy substance possibly oil from pesticide carrier - complainant reported feeling ill whenever near the treated vegetation 1 - distance from the E dock to the treated vegetation was 80' 6 -18 -91 Inspector Report - visited with MMCD, Ross Green & David Clark - obtained: aerial photograph of Lake Ann breeding site record application records (6 -4 -91 to 6- 13 -91) Punt 57-0S label & MSDS sheet - complainant has been in contact w /MMCD on previous issues - set up appointment to interview applicator @ 1:30 6 -18 -91 1 1 IF 1 91 -0311 Summary page 2 1 - met w /applicator's supervisor, applicator & foreman - applicator applied Punt w /mineral oil 6 -12 -91 AM; Lake Ann Park ' - chemical applied from an ATV - foreman reported common to have wand attached to vehicle when vegetation is low - applicator did not apply chemical to area S of playground & beach I ______4 of children near vegetation - Inspector did not see a spray pattern near playground on 6 -13- 91 inspection - applicator applied pesticide to tree /shrub foliage on the S perimeter of Park lawn - did not apply to shrubs & small trees @ lakes shoreline - Inspector showed applicator & foreman photographs of shoreline I - Inspector asked if shiny leaves were a result of pesticide application - both applicator & foreman said it was - Inspector relayed observing shiny leaves by the shoreline - Inspector informed MMCD vegetative samples had been taken - Inspector offered a statement form to applicator - applicator declined statement form - applicator relayed that additional information on application technique & method could be obtained from Ross Green ' - MMCD office staff informed Inspector that Punt was applied as if they were painting a fence - Applicator & oily residue on trees /shrubs suggest application I made in a band Photographs - show oily residue on foliage - taken within 4' of shoreline Sample Analysis I - 6 -20 -91 - analyzed for permethrin -Cis and Trans - permethrin cis /trans detected in both samples I Pesticide Application Records / ., --� - applicator is not licensed y�ju,�.,�.:,4. (,tit - pesticide applied is a general use product ' - applicator is not required by law be licensed - record requirements do not apply ' Product used: Punt 57 -0S Insecticide (EPA Reg. 4 42737 -1) - registered for use in Minnesota - recommended for outdoor space & barrier control of adult mosquitos - recreational areas, parks & woodlands are approved target sites - to obtain optimum results, cover immediate surroundings of housing & buildings, including plant •foliage surfaces, where ' mosquitos may rest 1 91 -0311 Summary 1 page 3 - for large recreational areas such as Public Parks, also apply to the "interface of woods" surrounding the main area. - do not apply more than once in a 24 hour period - do not allow spray treatment to drift on water supplies . - under no condition should open water be treated with this product - not to be used within 100' (30 meters) of lakes & streams - for a barrier spray, use a "backpack" ULV unit - optimum control is achieved when air currents are 2 to 8 mph - preferable to treat during early morning & evening when there is less breeze & convection currents are minimal - apply in the direction with breeze, to obtain maximum swath length & better distribution AAW 9 -11 -91 • 1 1 1 1 I/ II 1 1 1 1 1.. FAX FAX 1 Metropolitan 1i ro tan \iosqutto Control District ' 2380 Wycliff St. St. Paul, MN 55 114 Phone (612) 645 -9149: FAX (612) 645.3246 • 1 TO: Heidi 1~"i COMPANY: Scher DATE: 31 January, 1992 Agronomy Services Division FAX: 297.2271 1 Minnesota Deparnnent of Agriculture 2 FROM: Susan Palchick, Ph.D. / t ex-N/- 44—c 1 REGARDING: Enforcement Order concerning Lake Ann Punt application 1 MESSAGE: The Scott-Carver Operating Division Supervisor, Ernie Werserskirchen, will make the 1 presentation at the February 25, 1992 pesticide applicators recertification workshop. The attached outline covers the points he is planning on addressing. If here are additional points you would like to see covered, please contact me. 1 1 1 1 1 • Number of pages including cover 2 Contact us if all are not received. 1 Affirmative Action Employer 1 PRESENTATION ON ADULT CONTROL MATERIAL MISAPPLICATION Case study: 1991 Lake Ann PUNT incident I. Details of the pesticide misapplication 1 A. Where, when and by whom the treatment was made B. Description of the site C. Description of the treatment II. What went wrong and why A. Describe the course taken B. Where should have changes been made? III. Changes to prevent recurrence or similar incident A. Training 1. What to do, before treating, if unfamiliar with a site 2. Stress what should not be sprayed 3. Give details of MMCD adult control training (this is not a change; it is greater emphasis) a. Materials, application equipment, safety measures b. Calibration • c. Spills 1 d. Application e. Record keeping B. Change in MMCD policy 1. Keep 150 ft away from open water (label says 100 ft) IV. How does the misapplication violate Minnesota Pesticide Law? A. Violation of label V. How does a misapplication endanger the environment? A. Toxic to fish B. Effect on non - target organisms C. Drift VI. What is the supervisor's role? A. In training B. In data collection C. In reporting VII. What are the limitations of the labels for various materials used for adult control? A. Rcsmcthrin products B. Permethrin products VIII.Why is this a big deal? A. Violation of label B. Potential environmental harm C. Violation of MMCD mission and procedures 1 1 t1MCD TEL No. Feb 21.92 9 :43 No.002 P.02 1 ' . AMe.A 1 ,� •A..,,• METROPOLITAN MOSQUITO CONTROL DISTRICT i 2380 WYCLIFF STREET • ST. PAUL. MINNESOTA 55114 • 612- 845 -9149 1 FAX 612 -645 -3246 SAE OIA . 1 R.D. SJOGREN, Ph.D. • Director W.J. CAESAR adx7t Admin. 1 February 20, 1992 I Wayne Daily Agronomy Services MN Dept- of Agriculture (MDA) 1 90 W. Plato Blvd St. Paul, MN 55107 • I Dear Wayne: This letter will confirm our conversations' in setting the date, tine, and location for MDA I license recertification training for Metropolitan Mosquito Control District (MMCD) personnel. The training session will be held on: 1 FEBRUARY 25 1992 (TUESDAY) 8 :00 AM ST. LOUIS PARK RECREATION CENTER 5005 WEST 36TH STREET 1 (Ice center east of Hwy 100 on 36th) . A map showing the location of the ice center and a tentative agenda are inclosed for your I reference, Training will emphasize adult mosquito control policies and procedures as they relate to license recertification and compliance with MDA Enforcement Order Case File NO. 91 -0311 concerning a 1991 pesticide misapplication. As always, we appreciate MDA staff participation which enhances these training sessions. 1 - If you have any questions, please call me at 645 -9149. • 1 Sincerely, • I ss Gneen • Public Information 1 cc: Heidi Fischer, MDA Cal Blanchard, MDA . 1 1 AFFIRMATIVE ACTION EMPLOYER 1 MMCD TEL No. Feb 2192 9:43 No .002 P.03 I • 1 ;: ,., �.. .:. .s:::�:.; -j=am: ..,. �,......�...�;_...,.... _....... -. '° :: -• :_ - .•-� : ._ -- 1 Tentative 1 Times TOPICS PRESENTER 8:00 am Welcome/Overview Ross Green 1 Video: Walt Disney - The Winged Scourge (1944) 8:20 am MN Department of Agriculture (MDA) Update Wayne Daily I Laws and Regulations Video: Emergency Response Video: Labels Made Easy I Video: Unwanted Spotlight • . F::\ / , 9:00 am Adulticiding Misapplication Emie Adult Mosquito Control Procedures Wermerskirchen 1 9:45 am BREAK 10 :00 am Pesticide Registration and Re- tzgistration Cal Blanchard 1 Label Clarifications (Punt 57 and Scourge 4.12) (MDA) 10:30 am Catastrophy Response Marcus Peterson 1 Materials Handling 11:00 am Helicopter Safety Bob Herman I Scott Churchill 11:15 am Hazard Communication Bill Jacobson 1 11:55 am Endangered Species Act Update Dave Neitzel NOON LUNCH (Provided by MMCD) 1 1:00 pm Data Management Update John Thompson 1:10 ptn Enturnology Lab Upate Sandy Drogren 1 • 1:20 pm Evaluation Wrap -up questions, comments, and further topics I for consideration • 1 1 1 • i 1 , ,- i___7 ' METROPOLITAN MOSQUITO CONTROL DISTRICT / '� f -• -.X 5 12._ _ 22'e R.D. SJOGREN, Ph.D. < J ` •? � 2 r , W.J. CAESAR 1 Cirector n! a e .' ,, Business Admin. January 14, 1992 I t = v ( € E?. 7Geeio'i e6, v Heidi L. Fischer, Supervisor I Agricultural Chemicals Enforcement Unit Compliance and Enforcement Section Agronomy Services Division I MN Dept. of Agriculture 90 West Plato Boulevard ' St. Paul, MN 55107 1 Dear Ms. Fischer: 1 I am writing this letter to follow up on our recent telephone conversation regarding Section IV.(C)(1) of your December 6, 1991, communication. 1 t,.._ I mentioned that we may not have the specific employee who misapplied the pesticide - /.7%ri r available to us for the preparation and presentation you describe; in fact, he will not be able e./i- 1 . 1 to take art in that. The immediate supervisors p p (Mr. E. Wermerskirchen and Ms. R. Wagner) . will, therefore, prepare a presentation to deliver to our recertification workshop and we will _ submit an outline of that to you by January 31, 1992 as you directed. Further, if the specific 1 employee who misapplied the material does return to our employ at some time this year, we will require him to make the same presentation to and attend any future- scheduled 1992 seasonal employee orientation session(s). 1 We will proceed with this plan of action unless we hear otherwise. Please call wi any . questions. 1 Sincerely, I • Cf12111." . - Ross Green 1 Public Information • 1 1 • I AFFIRMATIVE ACTION EMPLOYER March 4, 1992 1 Heidi Fischer Agriculture Chemicals Enforcement Unit Agronomy Services Div, MN Dept of Agriculture 90 W. Plato Blvd. St. Paul, MN 55107 Dear Ms. Fischer. Thank you for completing the investigation that found Punt insecticide was improperly applied in Lake Ann Park by the 1 Metropolitan Mosquito Control District. The MDA's enforcement action to force adequate training of MMCD field supervisors and the $1000 fine will hopefully cause the MMCD to act more responsibly in the future. I look forward to seeing the case file soon. As we discussed on the phone yesterday, I take issue with the MDA's decision that I did not have enough proof that symptoms - my son and I suffered on June 13 were a result of exposure to the Punt insecticide. Reports from the MDA investigator, Pat Kelly, and my doctor should have been substantial enough. What I have provided previously, and in this letter, goes beyond ordinary means that a government agency could expect from a citizen. Beyond that, I fail to see what I could have done better to prove exposure. • While you agreed to review the evidence again, there are other facts that further inquiry by your department would have revealed. These facts should convince you and the staff to reverse your decision about the exposure complaint. 1 My children and I were playing frisbee in an open area surrounded by wooded vegetation'next to the lake on June 13. After my son and I began having headaches and nausea from a distinctive smell in the air, like a combination of mild diesel fuel I and rotting bananas. I walked around and traced the smell that was causing our symptoms to an oily substance that looked like it was coated on the leaves on plants near the water. I know it is difficult to prove that exposure symptoms can be attributed to one particular pesticide, so I did what I could within my means to see what was causing our symptoms. 1 I went home, showered, changed clothes, and called the MDA. After I returned to the park with Pat Kelly, the symptoms returned a second time. That's when I decided to see a doctor that afternoon. I clipped a 2 foot leafy sample off the foliage that' Pat Kelly said had the telltale smelly, oily residue of insecticide that was giving me and my son the headaches. I put the plant sample in a tied plastic bag, and brought it to the clinic. The sample was taken off the same bush on the water's edge that Pat also took samples from that eventually tested positive for the Punt insecticide. Pat also has a picture of this sprayed foliage 111 where sunfish are spawning in the water next to a dock. Pat also know where I took the sample from because I showed him. My son and I went to a physician, Dr. Carol Manning, at the Park Nicollet Urgent Care Clinic in Ridgedale on June 13 while we were having the symptoms. On the trip to the clinic, and in the clinic itself, the insecticide smelled through the bag so strongly, my son and I continued having the symptoms all the way through the examination by the doctor. Doctor Manning verified that I brought in the sample, and it was causing the symptoms. I asked her if she would write the report in such a way _ there would be no doubt about the diagnosis. She assured me this would be done, and I was satisfied with her report which you have a copy of. PIease review the evidence again, and substantiate my complaint in writing as soon as possible. Thank you. 1 Sincerely, c' �� Eric Rivkin 1695 Steller Court Excelsior, MN 55331 cc: Representative Becky Kelso and Senator Terry Johnston Dr. Carol Manning, Park Nicollet Clinic 1 ', LV WWVV - 1) . WEV M 1 1 g' v lcJ i 1A 101 F44 ILG 1 13 1 a 0 If III ' TM 5 7- OS ,P U N 1 INSECTICIDE I A SYNTHETIC PYRETHROID FOR EFFECTIVE SPACE AND BARRIER C ONTROL OF ADULT MOSQUITOES, GNATS, BITING AND NON - BITING . MIDGES, BLACKFLIES AND OTHER BITING FLIES FOR APPLICATION ONLY BY MOSQUITO ABATEMENT DISTRICTS, PUBLIC HEALTH OFFICIALS, AND TRAINED PERSONNEL OF OTHER 1 MOSQUITO CONTROL PROGRAMS ACTIVE INGREDIENT: I Permethrin: (3- phenoxyphenyl) methyl ( + / —) cis/trans 3- (2,2- dichloroethenyl) 2,2- dimethyl, cyclopropanecarboxylate 57.00% INERT INGREDIENTS* 43.00% TOTAL 100.0% Cis/trans isomer ratio min. 35 %( +/ —)cis and max. 65 %( +/— )trans. U.S. Patent No. 4,024,163. 'Contains a Petroleum Distillate Solvent. This product Contains 5.0 lbs. Technical Permethrin/Gallon 'TRADEMARK OF VECTEC, INC. 1 ` - _KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDREN • r'`'7%'Ei' 7771S �i�z C rt r L JiGc T�' CAUTION �,`t ��.�� 4,. ir I "PRECAUCION AL USUARIO: Si usted no lee angles, no use este cto ---- .__.. --- --- --- hasta que la etiqueta haya sido expficado ampliamente" STATEMENT OF PRACTICAL TREATMENT I IF SWALLOWED: Call a physician or Poison Control Center immediately. If possible vomiting should be induced under medical supervision. 'Solvent presents an aspiration hazard. Gastric lavage is indicated if material was taken internally. Do not induce vomiting or give anything by mouth to an unconscious or convulsing person. I IF IN EYES: Flush eyes with plenty of water. Get medical attention if irritation persists. IF ON SKIN: Remove contaminated clothing and wash affected area with soap and water. IF INHALED: Remove victim to fresh air. Apply artificial respiration if indicated. I SEE SIDE/BACK PANEL FOR ADDITIONAL PRECAUTIONARY STATEMENTS } PRECAUTIONARY STATEMENTS I I • HAZARDS TO HUMANS AND DOMESTIC ANIMALS C AUTION: Harmful if swallowed or absorbed through the skin. Avoid contact with eyes, on skin, or clothing: Wash thoroughly after using and before eating or smoking. Avoid contamination of food and feed. Launder clothing before reuse. Cover animal drinking water & feed before treating feedlots, etc. I ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS This pesticide is highly toxic to fish. Do not apply to any body of water or wetlands (swamps, bogs, marshes, and potholes). I Drift and runoff from treated areas may be hazardous to aquatic organisms in treated areas. Do not contaminate water when disposing of equipment washwaters. This pesticide is highly toxic to bees exposed to direct treatment on blooming crops or weeds. Do not apply this product or allow it to drift to blooming crops or weeds while bees are actively visiting the treated areas. NET CONTENTS GALLON . EPA REG. NO. 42737 -1 EPA EST. NO. 10370-TX 1 I VECTEC, INCORPORATED ORLANDO, FLORIDA 32807 1 f . PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL HAZARDS TRUCK MOUNTED "ULV" EQUIPMENT 1 Do not use, pour, spill or store near heat or open flame. For truck mounted non - thermal ULV equipment mix this product with DIRECTIONS FOR USE refined soybean oil, Tight mineral oil of 54 second viscosity or another suitable non- phytotoxic solvent. Adjust equipment to deliver spray par -i, It is a violation of Federal law to use this product in a ticles 01 8 to 20 microns mass median diameter. Consult the following manner inconsistent with its labeling. chart for dilution and application rates. See 'SOLVENT FOR DILUTION" STORAGE: Store product in its original labeled container in an ambient paragraph on left panel for an appropriate oil for diluting PUNT 57 OS. temperature, dry, locked, place designated for such insecticides and , out of reach of children If product is exposed to temperatures below 40 degrees F crystallization may result in which case, move product and warm to 80 degrees F and thoroughly mix. Do not use open flame to warm product. Do not contaminate water, food or feed by storage or disposal. In case of spillage, soak up with absorbent material such Amount of Undiluted Punt 57 or '1 to 9 Diluted Mix to the /Acre or Linear Mile as sawdust, or fullers earth; sweep up and place in a labeled con- - tainer and dispose of as follows. PESTICIDE DISPOSAL: Pesticide wastes are toxic. Improper disposal of excess pesticide, spray mix - Amt. of Undiluted or 1 to 9 mix ture, or rinsate is a violation of Federal law. If these wastes cannot Amt. of Undiluted OR to use at mpfv300 h. wide be disposed of by use according to label instructions contact your lbs./Al/Acre 1 10 9 Mix to use per Acre at 5 mph at 10 mph at 20 mph State Pesticide or Environmental Control Agency, or the Hazardous Waste representative at the nearest EPA Regional Office for guidance. 0.00251 Use 1.9 ml.(.06 oz.)/A Undiluted 5.7 ml. 11A ml. 22.8 ml. CONTAINER DISPOSAL: (Metal) Triple rinse or equivalent. Then offer (0.19 oz.) (039 oz.) (0.77 oz.) for recycling or reconditioning or puncture and dispose of in a sanitary Amount of Undiluted spray mixture to use per Linear Mile • 68.4 ml. or 2.31 oz. landfill or by other approved State and local procedures. (Plastic) Triple rinse or equivalent. Then offer for recycling or reconditioning or punt- 0 the 19 m*•(. oz•W+ of a 1 to 9 mix 1 57 ml. 1 114 ml. I 228 ml. lure and dispose of in a sanitary landfill or incineration, or, if allowed (19 oz.) (385 oz.) (7.71 oz.) - by State and local authorities, by burning. If burned, stay out of smoke. Amount of Diluted spray mixture to use per Linear Mile .. 684 mi. or 23.1 oz. 1 0.0051 Use 3.8 ml.(.13 oz.)/A. ndiluted I 11.4 ml. 1 228 m!. I 455 ml. (039 oz.) (0.77 oz.) (1.54 oz.) Amount of Undiluted spray mixture to use per Linear Mile - 136 ml. or 4.62 oz. INSECTS CONTROLLED - ((( This product is recommended for OUTDOOR SPACE AND BARRIER QE Use 38 ml (128 oz.)A of e 1 to 9 mixl 114 ml. I 228 mt. I 456 ml. CONTROL of ADULT MOSOUITOES, MIDGES (biting and non - biting), (385 oz.) (7.71 oz.) (15.4 oz.) BLACKFLIES, DEER FLIES AND OTHER BITING FLIES such as "DOG Amount of Diluted spray mixture to use per Linear Mile = 1368 ml, or 46.26 oz. • FLIES" by use of specially designed non - thermal spray equipment 00071 Use 53 ml Undiluted I 159 ml. 1 31.8 ml. I 63.6 mi. capable of delivering the particle sizes specified for each type of treat- (0.53 oz.) (1.08 oz.) (2.15 oz.) ment below. It is especially effective for reducing mosquito annoyance and the control of mosquitoes that may act as disease transmitting agents. Amount of Undiluted spray mixture to use per Linear Mile • 190 ml. or 6.42 oz. 'SOLVENT FOR DILUTION: PUNT 57 OS will not dilute in water. It may be applied as is or diluted with an oil mixture of 1 part soybean oil in OR Use 53 ml.(13 oz.)L of a 1 to 9 mix I 159 ml. I 318 ml. I 636 ml. 2 parts of a 54 second viscosity mineral oil or any other "non- phytotoxic" (5.37 oz.) (10.75 oz.) (21.5 oz.) ULV suitable oil. Amount of Diluted spray mixture to use per Linear Mile • 1.91 1. or 64.5 oz. . rat Use 74 ml.(25 oz.)1A Undiluted I 222 mi. 1 444 ml. I 888 ml. 1 BARRIER SPRAY ONLY (7.5 oz.) (15 oz.) (30 oz.) WHERE TO USE Amount of Undiluted spray mixture to use per Linear Mile • 2.66 I. or 90.0 oz. Areas that may be treated for insect control includes but are not limited oz. = Fluid Ounces; ml. = milliliters; 1 to Animal Houses, Corrals, Feedlots, Drive -in Restaurants and Theaters, I. = liter. (1 Fluid Ounce = 29.57 ml.) Gardens, Playgrounds, Recreational Areas, Zoos, Parks, Campsites, 'Dilution rates other than 1 to 9; Woodlands, Athletic Fields, Golf Courses, Urban Areas, Residential Areas such as; "1 to 15" or "1 to 29" may also be used. and Municipalities around the outside of apartment buildings, restaurants, stores and warehouses. To obtain optimum results, cover the immediate surroundings of housing and buildings, including plant foliage surfaces, where mosquitoes may rest. For large recreational areas such as Foot- ball Fields, Stadiums, Racetracks and Public Parks, also apply to the • "interface of woods" surrounding the main area. Do not apply more than IMPORTANT ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS once in a 24 hour period. THAT AFFECT INSECT CONTROL Do not allow spray treatment to drift on pasture land, cropland, poultry Temperature & humidity fluctuations may require periodical adjustments ranges or water supplies. Do not use on crops used for food, forage or pasture. Under no condition should open water be treated with this pro- of equipment to deliver the desired flow rate at the specified speed of duct. Not to be used within 100 ft.(30 meters) of lakes and streams. In travel. This flow rate must be maintained to insure the distribution of the treatment of corrals, feed lots, zoos, cover any exposed drinking water, proper amount of active ingredient per acre. Optimum control is achieved drinking fountains and animal teed before application. when air currents are 2 to 6 mph (3.2 to 129 kph). It is preferable to treat during early morning and evening when there is less breeze and con- vection currents are minimal. Apply in the direction with breeze, to ob- tain maximum swath length and better distribution. Direct spray head HOW TO APPLY AND HOW MUCH TO USE of equipment In a manner to insure even distribution of the ULV par - FOR A BARRIER SPRAY USE A "BACKPACK" ULV UNIT ticles throughout the area to be treated. Avoid inhalation of spray mist. Guide the direction of the equipment so that the discharge nozzle is main - For use in non - thermal ULV portable backpack equipment use a 1 to tained at a distance of more than 6 feet (1.83 m) from the ornamental 9 mixing ratio by adding 2.5 FI. Oz. of PUNT 57 OS to 22.5.F(. Oz. of plants and 15 feet (4.57m) or more from painted objects. solvent' making a total of 25 ounces; (see SOLVENT FOR DILUTION paragraph) and apply with equipment adjusted to deliver ULV particles NOTICE: Buyer and user assume all risk and liability of use. storage and/or of 50 to 100 microns mass median diameter. Use 2511. oz. of the dilutes handling of this product not in accordance with the terms of this label. spray /acre as a 50 ft. (15.2m) swath while walking at a speed of 2 mph Rev. 08.31 -89 Apprvd 03-05-90. (3.2 kph). 1 • .;-. :A TELEPHONE CALL R E C O R D LI Hi • TO /FROM TELEPHONE NO. (Include Area Code) j r i f3.12.- ' .1 2t-�.. , i 2 v k n 4/.7a q'7 • RECEIVED BY a „ op DATE/TIME OF GALS 1 SUBJECT r //11:-/. ,i c-F-ilifVe t.:1;1 ---= 1,-,%ily-y. apt(22.., ( 19y) kW k.".'") G/ 1 1 V cj /2 , lAcz v-41 ;ire.):"-- ; ,, I . 0e 7 (7 4 ,1A/ c 1-0.471 ,/,exP5',If.d...- ,,......./ f./ei•-tA i. r i • c f t z- C� /vvii t. 4 t,H�t ' tv 1 /2Ze -/tc4- l , 2..a- 'c�� OP An et- i,./.)2_? -tom . 1 • <- ! (te . - k'`'' TA, Ca3 ►' ��'�c�1 r Y ''l y � r �r .=' 4 ;L :;., 7l L ' ' r l �-r Ibr , �! t l '-� L t.' ; 1-12-& A t / ,✓ 11 0 0 . 1 ...4(i,t 11.4 . ? .,., 1,1 -r, �, r p n •C• 1..::, /� 7)1= =2_ if. I �1 4. -(1,C D' i-' -�i d! t .....1 ) .. 4 ; L . t • a 4 J t )77.z,:17 /i'c _. 4z'e 0 0 G� ?4% rte, e4 .-"z- 4 t . 1 v 0 • 1 P(24- ,.... 11 tAR,QA r 2Y 7.-C. i' CI. L c- - •1/7.40e.e a-12cz • II .k - - • moo. 1 1 . 1 * CROSS OUT "TO" OR "FROM" AS APPROPRIATE. CROSS OUT "RECEIVED" IF YOU MAKE THE CALL. • 1 . PAGE L OF 7 ❑ PRCLLCT REGISTRATION 1 +j~. ; � MINNESOTA DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE ❑ LICENSING/CERTIFICATION AGRONOMY SERVICES DIVISION ❑ MISUSE 0: _ A.. �'.wwf� 90 WEST PLATO BLVD., ST. PAUL, MN 55107 ❑ STORAGE /HANDLING ' TELEPHCNE: (612) 296 -6121 ❑ CHEMIGATION ❑ DISPOSAL 1 ❑ MATER /SOIL QUALITY INSPECTOR'S REPORT ❑ REFERRAL [) INDIVIDUAL /FIRM NAME DATE c F -1VV...)M 6 -tY -e11 STREET /RURAL ROUTE ADDRESS COUNTY 1 loo- Sk.t1s c* i-Ir CITY STATE ZIP CODE • T EPHONE ND. [INCLUDE AREA CO r to- (5tUV "4 N , 5633) 61 L) '(70 - 972 1 COMMENT$: 1. 'u A 1 /� lr.. J G - r2- 9 t o i 1 a k A wr. 9 k. M +41 A C' L.... G-P -r 1 v A . .. .r, s., /r1 -�.V,f ea 1 4.:3 c............," 40 v...., . 14I 4 Let sa.,E1 Le._ 1 l J r Q �0 j, 1- 1- c.. - TS - J . r cl • dt �! - s-�2s-44... e... e... s r . 1 . ; v .1 \ ti-. ,..:.,[; ..g 6 - /3 - ( 1 ,O� Sa.o "/t� o`�C C. �i.t.,� 1 6 , �, SY�d...-1, L `� 4 w, -Nk. 5 I ._,,, r.... ,�., t v Pte, ._.{..: ,l-t ,i - 4-0 rtf....4.! 4(4. 5‘...-10, � s_,c2 f � 4.f- - .�.s sr f .. IL s1- „,,,„,t. 6. i4 -r...€ .. ,. r_L e. -e p 640 , t‘. 0- i 0 1 c. . / a Led - - eL -A-4....4."4 .6 ik ..-4 itt 4 Ar tAdet4. . . i S v. I'ta..Z/� Lt.r{.+. O O S t r l'<4.. S_ p�, : .‘,.,, ert,,,i- . 74 mot. rr-_c. �p 1 s �-�.t 14‹.. CG-+� cy ..J cot- 4-4. st- .dce. —. 410N w 14k fl-"e -1-o .:� rt h r c., - „�. 1. r 44....e.t. G.. s 4 « LQ 2..,.i Le ate/1.31- i i tc-r44... -, itAl :te I rAgetzet vri44... 4.-Ve, c..e.. ateltgoi--4-' ci-a. c-frt 14-el 4 L 5L. -sus{. c...,,. 41 mss rte. 60-4A7 INSPECTOR'S PRINTED NAME FECTED P14.' Ltc4, 1c EL Li 1 IN PE, - 'S S URF SEVERITY CF DAMAGE: AC��YG_. -fll ORIGINAL LWHITEI - OFFICE COPY • tLOW - INSPECTOR'S CGF T C r . 1 PE F PRUT REITTICN 0 . Talc . ❑ LICENSING /CERTIFiCATIDN °,� ��, MINNESOTA DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 1...r. , AGRONOMY SERVICES DIVISION D MISUSE `: s 0 90 WEST PLATO BLVD. ST. PAUL MN 55107 ❑ STORAGE /HANCLING 4.wwd TELEPHCNE: (612) 296 -6121 ❑ CHEMI GAT/ CN II ' ❑ DISPOSAL ❑ WATER /SOIL CUALITY INSPECTOR'S REPORT ❑ REFERRAL ( 3 � , INDIVIDUAL /FIRM NAME EzLC g.,1v ki N DATE ? II STREET /RURAL ROUTE ADDRESS COUNTY CITY . STATE ZIP CODE TELEPHONE (INCLUDE AREA CODE) ' � it s =''�- /-1N.' . 5 (z /470 — 5726 COMMENTS. ,t w l 4( +...4,....,..,..., +L.* t,,,,....,i,,,,i A„,, r.., 0 1 4 ,4, c ...,.. 0 1 ,....4.4- 1 11 1 , i -fte- 4 g C4.2(3 L. &C 6 . le ..A..)6 4 C p anj ft4ik., ow0 .4./ - 144.....3 1.44.6.C. 4 f ait:, .:, Ot. •14"ft.4.2, . cet 1 -►L. ■ 1 . • II . • 1 1 1 1 1 • . I E 3PE GR PRINTED NAME ur - ELO. ETC.) AFFECTED IIINSPE.; IG ' T E o SEVERITY OF Oa ^ c F; Cw ❑ SLI= 0 MEDIUM 0 HIGH IAG -01 ORIGINAL (WHITE) GFFIC PY . YELLOW - INSPECTOR'S COP f..../;31 . amine. I PAGE CP 5 =1111 ❑ LICENSING /CERTIFICATION 14 MINNESOTA DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE MISUSE : ,..r. . 'AGRONOMY SERVICES DIVISION ❑ 1 - ` - 90 WEST PLATO BLVD., ST. PAUL, MN 55107 ❑ STORAGE /HANCLING TELEPHCNE: (612) 296 -6121 ❑ CHEMIGATION ❑ DISPOSAL 1 . ❑ WATEER /SOIL QUALITY INSPECTOR'S REPORT ❑ REFERRAL ( I s zw■ INDIVIDUAL /FIRM NAME DATE =( -t c. QwY.►N 4_ i8 -9/ STREET /RURAL ROUTE ADDRESS COUNTY 1 1 CITY 6 s- s ktt � STATE 2IP CODE � HONE � � . p-) (INCLUDE AREA CO Ef ecls,do. . MN , f 1 (L 2.1 470 — R7L6 I COMMENTS: V a� ` 1 (s, L.) t.., ( G t t.Z. c-..l D ,,.1 Cta.,� �/ M m c o , 6 1 S .A / - at T - A 0 : kis' . Og-L 1:342AZ.-e AU= , 4 Itle. .41,r), (-,1-,21.4..,0 1 • (di -4'1 - i -1 -tvL- p c.-. s7 o-,-•( P t E7.0$ 1 , ,L1 . O ,.:r,� 1 ,C, �,: u./ Z 3 w ` c1 e if S f , Sid' . / f'-as a--A. 0,,,e..../ 1 -.. E M . 1f.., LA. cr.,,, 1.,4,.s a,14 P ti L /` ,4t% P' . G-Y-24 .. AwC- J� 171% • Lc. s s cis ; , A. PI: " c� 11 r bc: .. 5-e - 0 clk l: 30 , . - V -mil 1 r _ v ( s, )-6 oi v,_LJ,$_ec -6 0-464t- 1-4. c1Q-2. 41-:-r-4 • 1 F-P N W. v wy1 as L C,ls.,� ( q /•/ S at 't'Z(A, Z , i (3‘.,:k cit 11T1S Valt k j i 4 .,„_3 Dv. v-e . 1 0 (2 4:41k0L AI i ■.k 1 A E- 4 6 k • A 9 vim. co .1 . G 3 . Ste, .4.ds 4 i-1 1 �S 6 s f 5 C en_ . 54 •mot. C,"4. c. S.z � C A . , L .4k LI Cae ( ,„ ) c..„4...„J .),,,,...:f L.t..:,, , ..,. �-„-r. owl, C -1 z. ,1, 1 v INSPECTOR'S PRINTED NAME P ' -- c. «1 - ?A C. -f II I� P�R�aTURE 5E+.�... -.++ DAMAGE: 1 \ I r yI�. XA,/ SLIGH7 c=u IGH AG41056 -01 ORIGINAL (WHITE) - OFFICE COPY • YELLOW INSPECTOR'S CC 111 :-..1*E_Loi , "7--- ❑ PRODUCT REGIS ?ATICN ❑ LICENSING /CERTIFICATIO ' ...... J. MINNESQTA DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE `' AGRONOMY SERVICES DIVISION E3 MISUSE ° o` +wM�� 90 WEST PLATO BLVD., ST. PAUL, MN 55107 ❑ STORAGE /HANDLING TELEPHCNE: (612) 296 -6121 ❑ CHEMIGATICN ID DISPOSAL ❑ MATER /SOIL CUALITY INSPECTOR'S REPORT ❑ REFERRAL I I II AO `.CIVIDUAL /FIRM NAME DATE _ G ZIr 0.I�iLNa - 1 3 -�' II .BEET /RURAL ROUTE ACDRESS COUNTY ITY STATE ZIP CODE TELEPHONE"NO. (INCLUDE AREA CODE) I YY Ce IS;or M 5 (6(2.) ' 1 f70- ??Z(, ommE M M ,'Z'v 4r AM , 6 -13 -91 Ce+ i s y Cot 165r 5411‘,....., 1 .00 ‘,....1- . E•f a w, ....RA 1 ea 1 4 A L +tree 3 i e- L t A:i c••ry„i [ac k C4.41.44. 41 61: 0 . Le A VI el /'� L vb 4, ',Ad c.` fre , 3 ;;v....4 o . o of . II c,; 1 L A . 0 +L¢n o 1 i 6 .u,,,,,, S 0 1 �,.i .6114. r .6114. T 'N � j a . 1 Y R v FL - . ....... � C o u. id e s S, C`Cie_ 4 c ) O d O r am C • Lot. ( ' o \ 4, .... 1 g /" Gt ✓ � v� O I-ii., c.c.." , e S a 4-ti+.o Sat L i{ S tit c,.. I e .cL w . L A - 1. . o ct c.rt . Ov-c +.e_ E.; c. 0--14 lie's C cam. L. A � � . L : ms J ter 4" c cK E±v S II I 1 %1 7 144. vote w, L e Q J _ e. a.. t . e h a y� Vt '� � t e � � .a p a� � 7 ti 4ems4 1 .. , 4� ' . —r( 5 t , � „ I ta.. -c4 w.e�c., w• 144,-,-.... 3 • 4 '-I o ‘o .....c.. -�- - 4 v� a. 1 t b �i;� • ) ri L . IL .. too w / e s / . c .04 , 1 i .= C-e ,.. ct , . 0 L2 -4'4 r4 14...,.., 0 . 1A44. 4... Ce44,4 -44. A.-444 (X4,/ r -t.. , sc_1 4., -c-rn C/,,.E., Imo. 7-4-44-4-0 , . t....�i Coe al . ', , - ...�.�.,,� . I — 1 - ` , ..e. ,A,.. 4-f...-,-, , 6.. 0 v*.,.... . At 1 5 -, t- _ s L.- b 5 4. 6Y.c r t, Si ,. 4. 4 .4._. 1 5 _ Mes e T "Ye_ l . L.dJrs. W G-rr�- 4 t cz.�cv .0„,,,c_ . t Sc L2 -�� ,. ils-o =50' s0.,4 i 14- - ..�.4. . -1�. L sue. , �`' z 1,.. , --E_ c cc, z hc..A. «et. ex,,, Ce, v , wQ,f��. Sc..�,0„ �' 1C. 9 ( 0 4 4 14-•— 4 4(i_ w ca -tiet 4-4._ G e ,-,-„,,- v _, ,t — 4 f C. - oPECTCR'S PRINTED NAME PERCENT OF SITE (FIELD. ETC.) AFFECTED iNspE 11)4L� t C 4 t.�. - ,. S GN/ TURE SEVERITY OF DAMAGE: ► ' � , �- ;i / 0 SLIGHT 0 MEDIUM 0 HIGH ,AG- 0r056 -01 \ ORIGINAL faHITe) - •GFFICE COPY • YELLGV - INSPECTGR CGP, I PAGZ 2 OF L ❑ PRODUCT REGISTRATION a.1.4., 0 LICENSING /CERTIFICATION 1 . :ie"i,'; MINNESOTA DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE - ,AGRONOMY SERVICES DIVISION ❑ MISU5E -A` 90 WEST PLATO BLVD., ST. PAUL MN 55107 ❑ 1 `,« " mo o . , STORAGE /HANDLING TELEPHCNE: (612) 296 -6121 - ❑ CHEMIGATICN ❑ DISPOSAL ❑ •WATER /SOIL QUALITY II INSPECTOR'S REPORT ❑ REFERRAL ( ) W zi INDIVIDUAL /FIRM NAME DATE FRIG tL1 V )ZI N 4 -(3- J/ 1 STREET /RURAL ROUTE ADDRESS COUNTY CITY ' STATE ZIP CODE TELEPHONE N0. (INCLUDE AREA COJ) COMMENTS: II 1 c-�' co—s-1 ),(., - c 4.4,, . 4...) .1 cs€,Li. J � f'12 . II % v IL i sat a 1 ..4 Li-[ti -c. i (, - ; 1 , t.4_ k wz�, 1 h& . 4. — i /1St •-Lt 114- �. — " L ■sue. 1 v ckc, c - L- L c l i -. - -g. -1.x. 41 ... .,,-D ae-►l.- -4 -,(.. -kk-4- 4 i-c._ *a- - I oo - ice' 1 • 1 ek TA ; S c.- Q a... , v.. E P A 5 tp. L c. c+tA +{_ • P. �E ,..2_, C � .v. L.^..4 c/�C -ti �, v ` O � ( . ! T Sc,.. :7 w . A ' • c e �-l: G (L^ ' 1 u..),11 0(.\-r4z..._ ..-tA,,,,,ti ?..... ... 3 ).,...:,..4t, 4,-....v.. At i--.0 fte/L tc...e /46 S cit.,. `�" �"�'l., l Jc S • c . il 1 1 • li INSPECTOR'S PRINTED NAME PERCEN OF SITE (FIEL . TC.) AFFECTED 1 11 1 INSPE,pit. &. SIGN UR SEVERI DAt: AG£: II r /�Cn ❑ SLIGHT '. D MEDIUM • 0 HIGH AG- O1656 -01 `....) O RIGINAL (Wpi1 E) . - :FFICE COPY • YELLOW - INSPECTOR'S v ( . m.. ("riv 4 :' `o. - -- —pp-. ' —L _ Z a + =� r > ;F . = p I ..o C 1 � � j T 1 �K� C j J 7. r C / ✓� ' r it 1 AF" ---- �� ` ik. . %: • 2 .- • — C TY • i .-;„ ---: . s . • \ ..„,.‘3,.. 4 I • 1 :?..0 . G I ^ - S Z es 1 \ f. . �: - - 1 . ) ‘. • J Li ..J 1 .. r s . , 3 f` y � • • ..� ; i . ° E _... � 1 ma ` ` S • C � -. , . `'� • r i - r' C n V O• . v. N. .. l j I r= - 4v� C7. 71Z 1 . a .'� • , - . 1 n is I r PI • i'' 7 S • 0 / E + +yam �- - • - 2 'V d'' -7 -co l, 1-1C G� W d Page 6 - Pesticides and You • ( O} J 4—f43 - S arch,199o' I chemicalWATCH 1 Atrazine, continued from page tationon utility and railroad right; -of -way. Cam- Ash. • Barceloux,1988). anonwealth of Massachusetts Generic Environ- Exposure to crude pyrethrum has 1 . the most common ti- mental Impact Report. Cambridge, MA. resulted in contact dermatitis and Probably pes 4. Hoar, S.K. et al. (1986). 'Agricultural asthma -like reactions, primarily due to cidal water contaminant, atrazine herbicide use and risk of lymphoma and ) soft- n on- insecticidalin tents. FP= ss IE shares characteristics with the other t issue sarcoma.' /. Aeser.Med Assn., 256(9 :1141- With a t riazines which make them serious 5 Kaloyanova, F. & S. Takowski, eds. (1982) Li tt tma a e�nr tote threats to groundwater. high leaching Toadmlogy of .Pesticides: Interim Document 9. p anic - Ye. and a atronv h potential, persistence in soils, slow World Health Organization. Copenhagen• ' ydrolysis, low vapor pressure, mode : - 6. U.S. EPA. (1983). Guidance for t rereg- l et btration of pesticide product containing atrazine r vere anap y ac- ate solubility in water, and moderate as the active ingredient. Office of Pesticide Pro- adsorption too organic matter and day. 8 c BrgiZ'J reactions with peripheral rp rg Y grams. washingcon, DC vascular collapse and respiratory diffi•, adso Indeed, atrazine is currently undergo- 7. U.S. EPA. (1990) Environmental Fad p p ry ing a second review by EPA, primarily Sh rne Label Amendment. Office of culties are rare. With massive, oral "potential onto tic risk from die- Pesd Atra Pr ograms t Washington, DC. doses, nervous system symptoms may for " po ge 8. US. Geological Survey. (1989) Presa R occur, including excitation and convul -' tary and non - dietary exposure, and lean e_ MRecmu „issu,oesampltngfindsherbtdde. �o� to �1 ,muscularft>r concern about the widespread contami- in screams in 10 midwate wta' Public Af- :illation an d di D eath in these nation of groundwater due to atrazine fain �fica Res V A use.” EPA cites groundwater detection 9. w E.M. (1979). 'Some effect of cases is due to respiratory failure. gT atrazine on ehrlich Delta tumor cells in vitro and It is important to note that in 25 states, and a 1989 US. Geological is Woo. Butt. Buying'. cot ent. Taxicol., n2ss -102 are often formulated with oils or thrins Survey study of surface waters found petroleum distillates and packaged • atrazine in 98% of the 127 streams in the • . • t ; - : _- _ -_ _ --- -i A - -- :� ' = e•• ' - co mbination with the s • • 10 rnidwestern states under investiga __ ; v ca 7 �`�t -oIy1 bicyclobepz plitir lion. 71 streams had levels higher than 4 -- - : = tene dicarboximide. Aerosolized petro- EPA's Health Advisory Level of 3 ppb. - - - _ - lama - cause respirator' In November 1988, all technical registrants voluntarily submitted label Pyrethrum, one of the oldest inset -� chard changes to address risk and exposure ticides known, is an oleoresin extract Yc7 arQtrt+atic #tydsocarbon consti concerns. Recognizing that these from dried Chrysanthemum cinerariafo- ents of the dfstlltateS may be arttitw changes only attempt to minimize lium flowers. Theextracteontainsabout L� point - source contamination, but with 50% active insecticidal ingredients g thetic avoids are availabI the publication date of the new reregis- known as pyrethrins. Extremely sensi- in a variety o formulations, many o0tr� tration document still uncertain, EPA five to light, heat, and moisture, pyre- biped with additional pesticides, in- • accepted these amendments in January, thrin half -lives are measured in hours. eluding highly toxic organophospha pesticides, 1990, while emphasizing that "the risk The synthetic analogues of naturally and carbamates. Some pyrethroids reduction afforded may not be ade- occurring pyrethrins, the pyrethr id suspect moQe s, including quate." were developed to capture the effective I carc fi g cype The amendments include: 1) reclas- insecticidal activity of this botanical methrin which EPA considers a possible - sification of atrazine for restricted use, insecticide, with improved photostabil- human carcinogen, and ermethri which limits sale and use to certified ap- ity, which has accu some evide plicators — the first time such an action Both pyrethrins and pyrethro of tumorig�jg�►. Individual factsheets was taken based on groundwater con- interfere with the ionic conductance of for permethrin, resmethrin, type terns; 2) prohibitions on mixing, load- nerve membranes by prolonging the methrin, and fenvalerate are availab p fmm NCAIvtI'. ing, and application within 50 feet of sodium current. This stimulates nerves any wells or sink holes; and 3) a ban on to discharge repeatedly, causing hyper - irrigation system application. The new excitability in poisoned animals. Source label should appear by the 1991 grow - The acute toxicities of this class of 1. Kaloyanova, F. & 5. Tarkowski, season, but does not apply to lawn- (1982). Toxicology ofPesticides •lntertniDoenoeent ing b pp y compounds to mammals are low, with World Health Organization, Copenhagen. care products with less than 2% oral LD's ranging from 1500.5000 mg/ 2. Qaassen, CD. etal.,eds. (1986). Crsar,� atrazine. kg. The greater susceptibility of insects s►td Dn 1 s Toi cm cctogy. Macmillan Publishing is attributed mainly to.ra id bind New York NY. Y p 3. Morgan, D.P. (1989). Rccognition1 Sources: dation by mammalian liver enzymes. Management o f P o i son i ng , 4th edition. US. 1. Donna, A. et al. (1989). 'Triazine herbi- While the development of the synthetic 540/9 - 80-005, Washington, DC fides and ovarian epithelial neoplasms." stand. J. Work Environ. Hentth,15 :47 -53. B pyrethroids was heralded with claims urns (1983). Pesti 4• W.H. & KM. n C Hentth. S tuuningham- cid sandHwna 2. E 1erthotst, M.J. & D.C. Baroeloux. (1988), of selective toxicity to insedS,both p ym ger- Verlag, New York, NY. • Medical r=icolo . t tLO and pyrethrum are extremely 5. Hayes, W.H. (1982). Pesticides Shidie gy. Elsevier, New York. ...� 3. Harrison - Biotech. (1983). Control of vege- toxiC to aq uatic gdnism5 including Man. Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, MD. V LLA 1 E. ii\ _i tJ1 11 lJI - 1I1 1 LU l' . OHI_ANI)O, t=t_01111)A 32E307 1. . 1 3 -26 -90 MATERIAL SAFETY DMA SHEET PUNT 57 -0S EPA REC. N0. 42737 -1 1 • SECTION LarlYrachn.r a kerne VECTEC. INC. 1 E,nugencs Telephone we (407)767 1 aoore,e or...., sa.er ca, stare t..J,rCon 6984 VENTURE CIRCLE ORLANDO, FLORIDA 32807 Chemical Name tr, /. Name ♦M Ssnensrne See Above I the- ,catFam,I `; Pyrethrold iIBect1cifQP' Permethrin C Um Cl, 0 CAS 452645 _- 11.i& -p Juct._Ls_a_miztusa 1 SECTION 11 HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS • • PAINTS PRESERVATIVES 4 SOLVENTS a • j t 1 At LOTS AHD METALLIC COATINGS e,. ►lJnnsl 1 i,p,ninli- •----- •_-- _— ._-- - - -- NA NA lest &fetal NA NA t:sulr,l NA NA auoro • NA NA Vehicle Metallic Coatings NA NA I NA �!A ff Solvents t iv l i r Coii n or Core fl NA NA Adair.., sines N A NA +. 111 ate . tine — ri NA NA _ '� CumPos 1 t I on : HAIAROOUS MIXTURES OF O1HER LIQUIDS SOLIDS. OR LASES .I' T lV (Vitas) II Perturthrin L/3- FhenoxyphenyllmethilS ±) Cla tSans -3- 57 NA (2.2-dicllloroethenyl)-2.2-dimethylcyclo- ' propanecarboxylarEi • • Cylene Range Aromatic Solvent ( of Hydrocarbons) ( "‘,. L. ,37•100ppc SECTION III PHYSICAL DATA 1,114 Point 1'F t r A Sp+e+di Cravat 1M0•s) 1.05 -1.0 1 Vapor ?toilette lmen Mgt Percet trolahl. 372 A II t .l.rn.. Vapor Oen„er lAu'tt (•pl.n Aala NA 1 lgeil.+ ! • appee►ancean /o /or, Clear, brown liquid with i solvent oJor . SECTION IV FIRE AND EXPLOSION HAZARD DATA . . 1 Flash h,nr Wein*/ Well Hill. I O5 (41•C)TCC IFrarnrnatis tiwrls 'tett NA TUett NA (ennqu„ "ye.,a Fog. Foam, CO Dry Chemical J . C SpensiFiriFiyhnnMPrece/urp Full face coverage self- contained breathing equipment. Unue.,eliueaM(•p.;.i$4 ,ar/. Swuke may contain Hydrogen ClrlurlJ* as result of product_ 1 ; ,1V 1m1111,7;, 11 t17n _ .... . • 1 • , MINNESOTA DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AGRONOMY SERVICES DIVISION • PAGE 1 OF , - 17 . ......_......_ _._ ...... _ . . .. .,.._ il . • ... . .. _ ... * - • - . i . 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' .7 • .4::-..• - - 11.3" :.....-/ - e -: - a - 4. l • .....f..- . - ."' ,. ..-r.t.- •wirri..." i' . - - • t 1 ' ir ' : ' . • ' Wi;i . .1, seg - --- -'- - • * ik..li• - - f " ' .3.-.. ---'", "VV.?' ;.1 -1 - v -'-‘.- I - - - _-*:51N..- %. -- ._ „ -... t4-- : _ • , - - - , - >I _ ,.....,..,.tv....ertz .,.. „„F„.....- ,,,. ...... _ 1 • Febru :ry 10, 1991 1 \ Ross Green, information director Robert Sjogren, director 1LY1CD eb 99 • � MCCC members F RB E1V �=! 2380 Wycliffe St. c ,GR1CX/1, : L+V RE St. Paul, . 55114 �� A9�O ti St O Dear Messrs. Green, Sjogren, and members of the MMC • • • ommittee: Enclosed is documentation that confirms inhalation exposure to Punt 50S residues in Lake Ann Park that gave my son and I headaches and nausea last June. I insist on being notified personally, by mail or phone, at least three days in advance as to exact day and time the MMCD will be applying any pesticides in any of the public parks in eastern Carver County or Minnetonka where my family frequently visits. I have ar allergic and asthmatic condition which makes me sensitive to MMCD pesticides, and I must avoid them. Last June, State Dept. of Agriculture investigator Pat Kelly found Punt residues sprayed on foliage overlooking fish spawning areas from 0' to 80' of the water. Mr. Green sent me a letter stating that "all 1 materials [including Punt as you stated was sprayed in the park June 13] are applied according to the label ", but this information is incomplete. Please interview your field personnel and give me complete information about exactly where they sprayed in that park, and how many times since 1983 Punt was applied within the 100' limit to Lake Ann. I believe 1 have a right to this information. ' When Mr. Green tells the public in the media that "feelings aren't facts ", it insults me and other people who have legitimate health complaints about the mosquito pesticides. We also deserve better treatment than r� intimidation into withdrawing or denying our complaints so it won't get recorded, or telling us incomplete information about the safety of the all M 1CD pesticides. For example, many of you tell the media that EPA registration qualifies MMCD pesticides as safe, when in fact I it is not a measure of safety at all. Kay Erickson, a woman in St. Paul who became severely ill when Scourge fogging drifted into her home with open windows, said the MMCD told her, We don't spray houses ". People are not assisted by the MMCD to redirect their complaint to the Dept. of Agriculture as it becomes necessary. A policy adopted by the 11SICC on June 30,1990, makes it seem impossible to resolve complaints or seek truth about the safety of ha1CD pesticides. I believe this policy abuses citizen's rights and endanger's people's health needlessly. The policy should be repealed and a compassionate attitude adopted to help people in need. I, and the environmental groups, intend on bringing up this issue at the MCC Policy Committee meeting on • Feb. 19. I want to emphasize the potential health risks the adulticides have on thousands of environmentally sensitive people like myself in the metro area. Thank you for your co- operation. 1 Sincerely, 1 dGe / %G2•t�LtiYL� Eric Rivkin, 1695 Steller Court, Excelsior, MN 55331 • cc: State Dept of Agriculture 1 ■ .. NLFSINONCTES. , PRIMARY er-":77 pRIMARY i • r .5 1• , . _2_14,0za 4.-/- DOCTOR CLINIC i —; 4 0.1 si— A .4....„_, / . • .../ M ORDERS I SIGN 1 MD ORDERS I SIGN , r , e... „ .. .../ e,.._ OFF OFF . / z. 7-:"-1--*1 ( • *- , 7., AL 4..(--,1-,.• ‘e •' 1111111 1111111111 e: 4 -'7 ' I 1 111111111111111 ! I . • . IIIIIIIMI i DOCTOR NOTES. I . A ..... _ / r .. ... r .,.."- c . ..'" Ai f ,.,...„..:-...e.....- 11 l ; e.; , 4.A....:L ki d • • • 1 -- NAME: ... 47..../ AGE: 4. NO.: 1 5;2 / Auto Accident C ir VI tr: 1 ) .7 \ Ft/c Daytime/Evening Prie-s!s) Workman's Demo. c Z 11 2.1,.= -7-1 .. -- ;EE:7 - 7...= M.S.7 'E 1M CS— yester:a./ -J-c- .1 h curs aTtEr 1m nr==-ner han h =prayed dr ch=hi*c ccntrhl w'th an 'n=eht:'"h=. ?-2 e e 7 •. 4r=1.•.=i 1 mi 1 ri 1 ig hthene==. and m 1 E-Cesouent fp. the e;posure. He shCE- and changeftizthes. Ee r-- to -------- MP. to the park today +dr 1-1/2 houre t: discuss the e:pcs_Lre with a 11 --------- c44icial and hat recurrence 04 his. e-ript=re- en FWEICAL EXM: Cemeral appearance: The p.ti dces not aptear 3 IT urhhm4drtabl=. F/==: FE;: =.e.:7, 4 ='. normal t'lat=r=l1v. Fc" . 1.'7F. , L.LEP.GIES are 2-7+ * Th no ere i'r, tn The mor. catiet hae a normal cY I Tnc np• is epd:E• = • w FLAN: I discusszt the patient L-Jit:- Fust at Foierr C=ntrci. 1 s i • CC:C:-.t;,'. Ee stated that Fl...r.t 57-CE. who's main ihcretient is permethrin t - Srt 2.2.-timeh,1 o is not eltrmz-lv txic. E.= z' stated that no treatment was required at this time. The d==critei g. DS II fyhttoms ccour Lily only with oral incesticn. The patient is advised t Lo make sure' he hat shoccered and changed clothind sihce he we= egccehl 1 - tc the cesticife. NO cther treatnent is given at this tim. The patint ' i l l 0/ 4sels that sions should te placed in the park to state and an ihm=1-4.id i-i= 8 II 1.-„ss: been spra and pecple should te cautitnet. == n ,=,h illy . tho-=.= wi E estrIna dcncernind the presence o the insecticide. I ccnour with this. P: 6/14/S1 - < a. _ . !ate: ,:::)3/ Final Pest 7- af Drign t - -'... . . • . •"" — •:-..; - -:• • - •', •.-:.•*:-, ;• ''. . --- :'-4 pl.,." j : : '.7" .:.;.',':% .,'.... - I 1 , - . • P: — •r:- .-Z,isi•--R e : -:.7.: -, -!.-.---- i-. '-> r ;r••••:'. ::- • •: "rifi- rs, -. 1 : . ,;;: ...; r A ,.....; RGENT CAR! .-.. • - - • - ... • - . ...- .. . • - ,iatt.,..... ).:..-,...•....,,.r- mcg sc., 0,.33) • . . • • . - ..,. • -- . . - . • . ," --...: — . • ---. .•-•-• •. -1.--" : :• *Cameo 704110 ' 1 . „ ----.. - 1 . 7'11...RS:NG NOTES. PRIMARY i i / PRIMARY .....-- 1 i • 61 6. I c.- .-.-- ,,z.„1/ 4 es.,- 4 0 0 C TO R VZ 1 CLINIC I.- -.10-- ).... (7 •• 4 ---! : , Mc CRDERS .3■G% 1 Cr FF C (.•e - — ./..„ 4....-.4., 1 ../: I I I . I 2 ..,....,_ DOCTOR NOTES. JD ..-/ / A.___ / A 4 P r e'r!‘ev re) (Pb..r....‘„?..o-414.- 2 , Z — e;"'" 7/ 7-'7' r i"'"= - 4.- - "C/..z., , ,,9 1 1 L 4...v.,...;, M 7 4 .1 1....4 S "C''' . S O t llee i& Ir e.g.. 4 r e t ,,,44_ x it kiz- ) AK..f..- _„„-.., I P -„„,5„7, .................. ...i. , . ? 1 - • * / I NAME: ' • t / //e.. , 1.1 /Z/, 5 .9 AGE: NO.: j /.. F 7 e c - 2/. c t 1 - , , F 1 Auto Ace:Cent , 0 0 . _ 7., 1 :.....6.0 I Daytime/Evening Phone(s) Workman's Comp. C Z 2 II' P r This 7-v--c1 toy was in ths park yestardsy for 4 hours, shortly after E it h .s =prsygd for mcsouit: s with sn insact He smd his fat: t T 1 erienosd frontal temporal hestache, lidhte.:=11 === srd naussa, all 1,7 mild svmdtoms. His symptoms resolved after he was homs smd had showersd. = MP I.- They went back to the park for 1-1/2 hours toidai to talk stout the g . r- ;11( 1 prot1e7 i-lith the psrk administrstor. Symotocs recurrsd. The insecticide pa, was Ft 57-� who's main inorsdient is psrmethrin srd ES listed stove. g II LLERGIES :15 J E E/es: Fro:::.: e,!am is normal. FEF.F.L. The neck is = t-P44- =;Inn1=. At.-!nn=n: Nont=nd=r. r7R= sr= ' b "Ch pt.i ci.t.; II is norms'. w u .k PLAN: 1 discussad the patient with Rusty at Poison Control, Fennepin u II . County. He statzd that no treatment was requirsd. Tie permsthrin can g . 77 • occasionally cause the symptoms that they experienced, tut usually cnly ! ' when ingested by mouth. He will push fluids arc' use Tylenol for his ti , II hedanhe. He is advised chsnde clothes and sholAer ft:I:loc.:inn hi= vi='t al 0 to the park today. ff S: 6/14/51 . m T: 6/17/91 < II )4i e' Finat 13 ia - gnosisk 7 - ; ...:;24A - :*.a . i+ 5 :- , . : f-- - a-T• I -.:'..:*-?'" , '-.-":" Physician -i • :: -1 ; *V:' ' - -, • ;, t"'Z' . --*--,•, f.:"....-1-W...11 :-.• f: ',,.. ,*-, ...i.'-' I ris...e.t.iciidg S -‘;--..-‘',-:. •I':J11:77'..1 1 . - - ., -,. • •....-- --...--...1-..-•-..- • ..-.. -,: , • . - 4A,-..--';.!•• AGENT CARE ...;-.- - - ''' ; -'. .„------.: - -c....":1-....'.-. -: - - 1_ ...-.... t - --- - *- : ith : - - - - 2 . „ ,, . .....: ... 'f .- • ,' --.- .-:,%,..-...-,:":•.......-- ...: ... , • :: . . . .. . . . 1 7o.rno n'.9'K ......., .—..,.... _ . :......;._;..-- •:,,,.- - • - - .4:-...*::: • :1..: -.. ..... :_. ,...- _ - .... z ... 4 1 - , 6 ' 4 I 1 Park and Rec Commission Meeting 'June 23, 1992 - Page 17 Schroers: Okay. Thank you very much for coming in and for your interest in this. Okay, let us move on. Lash: Before we move on can we...signs designated. To let people know that it's only open until 10:00 like the rest of the parks. Koubsky: Parking hours? 1 Schroers: Do we have those signs available Todd? Hoffman: Yes. They will be incorporated. We intend to do a very thorough job in signing that so it is clear where the parking begins and where it ends and the inclusion of park hours on those signs or on a separate sign can be accommodated. 1 VISITOR PRESENTATIONS ON MOSQUITO CONTROL: A. ERIC RIVKIN, RESIDENT. B. ROSS GREEN. METROPOLITAN MOSQUITO CONTROL. Public Present: 1 Name Address Ross Green (MMCD) 2380 Wycliff St., St. Paul Dave Neitzel (MMCD) 2380 Wycliff St., St. Paul Renee Wagner (MMCD) 2380 Wycliff St., St. Paul ' John Thompson (MMCD) 6100 Sunny Road, Minnetonka Susan Palcheck (MMCD) 2380 Wycliff St., St. Paul Ernest Wermerskircher (MMCD) 7757 Valley Drive, Jordan Harold Trende (Carver Co. Comm) 9010 Co. Rd. 140, Cologne Al Klingelhutz (Carver Co. Comm) 8600 Great Plainp Blvd., Chanhassen c 5L /94 1 < 6012 e/. I' /i VI , g& ' Hoffman: We'll take a couple minutes to set up and then we'll get rolling from there. Ross Green: Okay, thank you. My name is Ross Green. I'm a Public ' Information Officer for the Metropolitan Mosquito Control District. At this time I'd like to introduce some of the people that came with us just for in terms of questions that may be asked. Just so you know who these people are. In the back is Ernie Wermerskirchen who is the supervisor in the Scott /Carver Operating Division of the Mosquito Control District. Sitting next to him is Dr. Susan Palchick who is the Aedes Program Manager for the Metropolitan Mosquito Control District. In front of Ernie is Dave Neitzel who is the program leader for the LaCrosse Encephalitis Prevention Program and the Lyme Ticks Surveiiience Program. Sitting next to Dave is Renee Wagner who is a foreman in the Chanhassen area for the Scott /Carver ' Operating Division. And next to her is John Thompson who is our Data Processing Manager, who happens to live near the area and he was with us this afternoon, or this evening. 5o if you have some questions, at least you know who we are and you can address those that way. I'd like to basically give you, I'll be very brief if I can, about 15 minutes to go through what mosquitoes and their control is all about here in Chanhassen. I'll try to address specifically the park issues as to what our involvement Park and Rec Commission Meeting 1 June 23, 1992 - Page 18 is there and we'll go from there. Can I talk from here? Okay, can you al see that? Otherwise we can dim the sights or something if possible. Oh, there we go. Alright. Briefly, the Mosquito Control District is a 7 county cooperative governmental agency. We're governed by a 17 member Board of Commissioners. You may know that Commissioner Trende is one of the members on the Carver Board. Appointed from the Carver Board to sit o our commission and then there are County Commissioners from each of the 7 counties that make up the Metropolitan Mosquito Control Commission. We operate in controlling mosquitoes in about 3,000 square miles so it does include the eastern half of Carver County. Just to move on to a little bill of biology. I think you need to know a little bit about the mosquito before we can talk a little bit about control and I'll try to be brief about this. We have about 50 different varieties of mosquitoes in the Midwest, and in particular Twin Cities and there's only about 10 that actually bite human beings. A mosquito, our number one pest mosquito is a little creature called an Ades Vexan. That's where you heard the name Ade Program Leader. In fact about maybe 7 or 8 out of 10 times you're bit, it's this one mosquito that does that. We have about 7 or 8 others that develop in the early spring and live all summer long that are involved with biting too. A mosquito spends about a week of it's life in the water and I it spends about another 2 to 4 weeks, the main pest mosquitoes, biting people. Living in the air. They start out as eggs and they actually lay their eggs on moister, dry depressions and I'll show you where these place are. They over winter in an egg form. It's kind of an egg hibernation an these eggs left where they're deposited, if they're dry, they can maybe last up to maybe 5 years or better without going bad. And that was very well indicated here through the drought years and finally when we did get I the rain back in 1990. But anyway, in the springtime, the snow melts and spring rain. The eggs hatch into little creatures called larvae. They spend about a week of their life in this stage. Interesting to note, I'd like you to note that during this stage, there's a natural growth that takes place and there's a natural hormone. It's a juvenile hormone that is naturally, that naturally occurs in the mosquito. As it grows and it actually sheds it's skin before it turns into the next stage we call a pupil but I'd like you to note that because one of the control materials that we use is a growth hormone mimic. It's a biological approach to mosquito control and it mimics this stage. This is a pupa or coccoon like•stage I that's involved and it transforms itself into an adult mosquito and then emerges as an adult. It mates. Then it desires for blood. The blood is a protein that's used for the nourishment of her eggs and there can be up toil about 200 -250 eggs per female and she can bite you more than once if she survives. These mosquitoes can fly at least 1 to 3 miles a night. Maybe up to 35 miles and they get to 50 miles from their breeding areas. One of the reasons why our district is as large as it is. Basically what we have, are these pothole depressions and breeding areas that are dry most of the time. Wet some of the time where they reseed and what happens when it rains, they fill up. The mosquitoes hatch out basically and develop. Emerge from the water and then they leave and they can do their flight and 1 they occupy the daytime areas in what we call daytime resting areas or harborage areas. And they're just like little vampires. They come out at night looking for blood. That type of situation. Or on overcast days whn , people are near, that type of thing. Taking a look, we've documented nearly 60,000 breeding places in the Twin Cities metro area and I'll give you some examples of what they are and you shay recognize some of these we II Park and Rec Commission Meeting June 23, 1992 - Page 19 find in park areas. We find them in other areas all over the whole land is dotted with these breeding sites where mosquitoes develop. But the idea is ' when it's dry, it looks like you saw there. And then when it's wet...and a few days after that it dries up. New mosquitoes come in. Lay their eggs there. Wait for another rainfall. Then we need to get another brood or • ' population of mosquitoes that develop. On a normal year we get about 6 broods of mosquitoes a year. In the last couple of years we've had up to 12 or 13 broods of mosquitoes which is abnormal and then during the drought years we had very few. Other examples are runoff into ditches that you see ' here. Very shallow water we're looking at. Less than 2 feet deep most often. In the rural areas we have rain pools where the cattle will walk around. They'll take drinks. They'll leave their hoof prints and it's maybe a little difficult to see but those dots are larvae and there can be up to 1,000 larvae per hoof print. Other examples are spring mosquito sites. These are rain pools. Woodland pools that are wet generally in the springtime and they dry up during the summer but they do produce a number of mosquitoes that live all summer long. This is a very prolific type of breeding area. This is wild hay or canary grass. Reed such type of vegetation and dries up rather rapidly but a very prolific breeding area ' and many of them you'll recognize. Another example of that, between the fence and the cattails out there. Very prolific in terms of mosquito development. This type of habitat produces less mosquitoes. Where you see ' the cattails there and the rather, maybe 4 feet of water better. Not a real good breeding habitat but in the shallow marshes we may find some development in a site like that. Again, in the very shallow 6 to 12 inches of water towards where that tree is that you see there, but when you get out towards the lake out there, very few mosquitoes, if any out there. So mosquitoes are not developing in the streams, lakes, or rivers but rather the marsh areas and these are sometimes called floodplain mosquitoes. ' Meaning that when the rivers and creeks overflow their banks, we have a number of breeding areas where the water is after the water has receeded back into the channels. We have all this floodplain that will produce tremendous numbers of mosquitoes. Housing developments that go in. I think you're probably well aware, I know we built a house, my own family back in '86 and we have a marsh area behind our house and it's very expensive to build in these areas. But one of the things to consider is ' that many of these are mosquito producers that are going to annoy people greatly. This is the logo of the equipment. You've probably seen that. When we get anywhere from an inch to 2 inches of rain, this produces a ' brood of mosquitoes and we have like 75 rain gauges throughout the Twin Cities that moniter rainfall. We operate from section maps where one of the things we do in the fall and the winter is to update these maps. And so this gives us very detailed information about the wetlands, breeding ' sites that we have where mosquitoes develop and we keep very accurate and meticulous records of everything we do out there in the environment to where these breeding areas are. One way of doing surveillence is by giving ' you an example of how prolific'mosquitoes are. This is one of these breeding site areas. He's looking into a little thing called a dipper. When we find an area the size of a football field that has water in it. With shallow water that will stay for about 10 to 15 days and everytime we ' dip, we find 5 little mosquitoe larvae developing in there and we call that an average of 5 per dip. That translates into about 2 1/2 million mosquitoes if it's left uncontrolled. That's an average. For adult mosquitoes, there are New Jersey Light Traps. This is not too dissimilar 1 Park and Rec Commission Meeting June 23, 1992 - Page 20 ' from a bug zapper but it does collect mosquitoes. One way of monitoring adult mosquito populations. One of the things that we do to monitor mosquitoes. We put the district on a 4 mile, a grid. This is Renee here taking a collection in one of the harborage areas and so we have about 200 locations of which we're doing about 100 locations this year because of budget cutbacks and those kinds of things. But we take actually a 2 minut collection to determine what the population of adult mosquitoes are and we do that all over the Twin Cities area. Every 4 miles there's a grid and ' within that 4 miles we try to locate the most prolific area where we find the greatest numbers of adult mosquitoes that are there. Then we plot all that information. When our anamologists has had a look at it, sorted them find out what kind they are and what densities they're in, we plot those or a map and this is an example of one of those maps. This is a few years back but it does indicate what we see. This is the whole Twin Cities and on June 18th here, the ranges was 5 mosquitoes. Where you see 1 or 2 line" up to about 91 mosquitoes where you see up in the upper right hand corner of that map and we have, we keep these like twice a week so it gives us an indication of where the adult mosquito populations are. You can control mosquitoes one or two ways primarily and that is one, while they're in the ' water and two, while they're up flying. The direction and emphasis of the Mosquito Control District program is to control the mosquito while it's in the water and that's known as larval control. What we are using at the present time are two materials. Biologically derived materials. One is called Methoprine. The brand name is called Altocide. It's the Insect Growth Hormone mimic that I talked about earlier. And the other one is a I natural soil bacteria called BTI. That's short for basilios... I think you understand why we call it BTI. But it's a natural soil bacteria that is very specific for controlling mosquitoes and very much different than the conventional pesticides that have been used in years past and are stil in use all over the country. So the material methoprine that I eluded to here, it's supplied in a number of different forms. Primarily one that most people are familiar with are the briquettes that will last 150 days water and that's in essence a mosquito season. This can also be used in a sand formulation which can last anywhere from 4 to 5, up to 20 days. There's different formulations that can be used. And then there's also a liquid application that can be done also but primarily much of what we do between March and June have to do with applying the briquettes and this is a one time treatment for these breeding areas for the summer. And so what' happens basically, if it's dry or wet, we do know that these produce mosquitoes. We've had historical data to refer to that and what happens basically when it rains, the sites fill up with water. Mosquito eggs hatc into larvae. The little bits of material break off into the water and for a concentration that's about 1 to 2 parts per billion that affect the mosquito biologically. And it affects the pupa stage where the mosquito actually dies of a confusion. ,A physiological confusion. Biologically it I doesn't develop properly and so it never leaves the water. One of the benefits to this is that, if you relate it to other types of insecticides, is that it allows the mosquito to go through it's water stage and therefor any other creatues. Maybe a duck would come in or whatever it might be to feed on those creatues, they can do that without any hassle or without any problem to that creature. We do apply, as I mentioned, the sand materials and the use of BTI with the use of a II helicopter. When the sites are larger than 3 acres, this is what we use. It's a more temporary type of arrangement in terms of treatments but we do Park and Rec Commission Meeting June 23, 1992 - Page 21 r use helicopters and these pilots have, most of them have 10 -12 -15 years experience flying and these are known locations that are treated once we find mosquitoes there. The other aspect is adult mosquito control and we do adult mosquito control primarily in park and recreation, heavy used park and recreation areas and for civic events and functions that go on in the ' communities. One other purpose for our spraying for mosquitoes is also for disease prevention and I think that's something that you're probably all concerned with down here in Chanhassen. Inasmuch as there are at least 5 locations in Chanhassen that, where LaCrosse Encephalitis has been a problem and we have that mosquito here called an Aedes triseriatus that develop in the tree holes and artificial containers and the habitat that exists in not only Chanhassen but basically the southern part of our district. So I'll discuss that a little bit later but nonetheless, the adult mosquito control is involved with 2 different operations. One is called cold fogging, which simply, that's just simply what it means. It's ' a cold mist that's sprayed from a truck mounted unit and the material that's used is called resmethrin and I'll explain that in a minute. And the other operation is called backpacking with permethrin. It's a similar material. It is applied with a backpack or a backpack mounted to an all terrain vehicle. Both of these materials, and that's applied to the harborage areas and I'll show you that in just a minute. These two materials are called synthetic pyrethroid materials. In their natural form ' they would be called pyrethrum or pyrethrins and they are basically, those natural materials. These are synthesized materials in a lab but very similar chemically and the natural materials are related to the extract ' from the chrysanthemum flowers so it's a botanical type of insecticide that has a very low...toxicity in terms of when we apply this to vegetation for treatment of mosquitoes. Very effective on mosquitoes however. Cold ' fogging, this is one of our fogger units on the back of a truck. We primarily, we're doing less and less of this type of operation each year. As we are able to reach more breeding areas with the resources we have available, there will be less of a need to do adult mosquito control but as it is now, there are extenuating circumstances in terms of invasion from mosquitoes or mosquitoes that get away from us as a result of inclement weather where the helicopters are not able to get to all the breeding ' areas. There's still rationale for using the adulticides to control mosquitoes. Primarily this cold fogging happens in the evening time around sundown for a couple of hours. And again, most of that is for park and recreation areas to reduce the population so that people can enjoy ' themselves for the weekend or for an event. That type of situation. We also, another operation is involved with backpacking. This is an all terrain vehicle where we've applied permethrin which has a risidual ' capacity. We actually apply it to the vegetation as a barrier type treatment and it will last, if it's in a shaded area, will last up to about 10 days. If it's in the sunlight, it may break down to anywhere between 1 and 3 days. But it provides kind of a preventive treatment and as the mosquitoes inhabit or move from one harborage area to another, as they move through the vegetation and they come in contact with it, the mosquito populations are bled down. So this is kind of a preventive approach and we 11 again, apply those to the park and rec areas to decrease those populations of mosquitoes. During the daytime these are applied. The fogging would happen then, say for example on a 4th of July, if I could give you an example of how we would do an adulticiding program. If there were mosquitoes there, and this is all based on surveillence. Whether there's 1 Park and Rec Commission Meeting June 23, 1992 - Page 22 i mosquitoes there or not. If there's not mosquitoes there, we're not going" to go and spray. I think that needs to be understood. But secondly, what we would do, about 3 or 4 days previous to an event, we would come in and spray the harborage areas for adult mosquitoes. Then we would come back i the night before the event and determine whether the mosquito populations were sufficient to cause annoyance or problems. Then, if necessary, and the conditions were proper to spray with the cold fog unit, this unit that you see back here, then we would do that to knock down those populations so, that people could enjoy the event at that point. I'll briefly go through this. The cattail mosquito control program actually starts in the spring. There's one very vicious biting mosquito. Probably the most I vicious biting mosquito and it will probably become evident in some areas right now. It has a very different life style than a majority of mosquitoes that bite us but they're going to be evident this year. More evident this year because of the vexan population being down because of th dry weather and the controls that we've applied already. But these mosquitoes actually develop in the roots of some portions of some cattail marshes. And that program starts early in the spring by applying these briquettes to these known areas that produce this mosquito and there's extensive surveillence that's done by this particular unit that we have for these treatments. And one of the reasons is because a lot of these are bogs and if you've ever been in a bog, if you go through a bog, you can go II down 10 -20 feet or something so we apply them in the spring. Or I should say late winter so that it presents less of a problem to our employees in terms of treatment. We also have a biting gnat or blackfly control program' which is primarily a larval control program. The species of gnats we have, either develop in the small streams that are around the Twin Cities area or they're in the large rivers as you see here. This is the Coon Rapids dam II and one of the more prolific areas for gnat development. What you're seeing here is the treatment and again the materials we use for blackfly control is the same for mosquitoes only it's in a liquid form. It's the BTI that we use. And we work very closely with the Minnesota Department of, Natural Resources in securing permits and also doing environmental studies on the effect of this material on the bio that's in the river and factors involved that way. To give you an idea. This is a line, one of these. They're nylon rope if you will. About a 6 inch section there and what you're seeing there is a gnat larvae and they're very prolific and come out of the fast moving. They have a very different habitat than mosquitoes. Very fast moving, highly oxygenated water and this is what gnats look like II when they're in the larval form. Thank goodness they're not that big but they do take a chunk out of you and they use blood for the same reasons mosquitoes do and we also monitor the adult populations of gnats and this II gives you an indication of what the gnat population looked like or how we attract those adult populations. LaCrosse encephalitis I eluded to a little bit earlier. LaCrosse encephalitis is primarily a children's disease. It affects most often children and it's carried by a mosquito called the Aedes triseriatus and that particular mosquito is not a long distance flier. As a matter of fact it doesn't fly any further than about II one mile and perfers to be around wooded, shaded areas. This disease is able to survive the winter in the egg stage because it is an aedes mosquito. It actually lays it's eggs on the dry areas or moist areas of the inside of a tire or container or in a tree hole which will get wet really along the bark. It prefers to feed of small mammals such as rodents that you see here and also mice and shrews and that type of thing. This is Park and Rec Commission Meeting June 23, 1992 - Page 23 a map of the district and you can see where the red dots are. These are known case areas for LaCrosse encephalitis in the district. We work very closely with Minnesota Department of Health in this regard and you can see around the Lake Minnetonka area that it does extend into the Carver area l where most of those cases have been found in the Metropolitan Mosquito Control District. Primarily what we're looking at in terms of tree hole habitat are the maple basswood type forests where there are multi -stem trees that you see here and many times you find a tree hole and we've used ' the turkey baster here or syringe to take a sample out of that and put it into a container and all those little white dots are the Aedes triseriatus larvae. And what we do then, when we identify these areas, and I think, ' I know that Chanhassen has enacted an ordinance involved with making it against the law to or a part of an ordinance that makes it against the law to produce a habitat that will produce the Aedes triceriatur mosquito and I think that's excellent. When we find these areas, we either educate the public on how to take care of those tree holes. The material you see there is an insulation type material. It's called rock wool and it's different than cement in that it's somewhat flexible and is able to expand with the tree as it grows to provide a greater length of time from filling it at another time. And obviously I mentioned the artificial containers. The tires that are imported and we monitor these locations. All the tire recycling centers and dumps and those kinds of things and we again, one of the main approaches to control here is education of the public and we hit very heavily on that. What you're seeing here, this is Dave doing a surveillence with one of his aspirators here. Checking the adult ' population but basically we're looking at pollution here is what it is. Just to back up a little bit here on this. So one of the things we do, we monitor those adult populations and especially in the Chanhassen area because there are a number of cases. Just FYI, for your information, we will be doing some treatments in the Chanhassen area this coming week because we have found populations of adult triseriatus mosquitoes in our ' collections. That's not to say that there's any LaCrosse encephalitis there but we are taking measures to reduce that population so that mosquito does not become more prolific and to control that. Western encephalitis is another disease that has a potential here and on various years, especially ' very wet years and all of the, I might add too that with the LaCrosse encephalitis program and with the Western encephalitis program, that all of the Metropolitan Mosquito Control District does get involved in the control and involved with both these diseases and how they're remedied in terms of knocking off the adult populations or the populations of mosquitoes. I neglected to tell you that we're also working with the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency. They are providing funding or have provided funding over ' the last few years to help clean up the tires and just this year alone we've cleaned up nearly 22,000 tires in the district. And to supplement that, we've got another 30,000 that we've taken care in the last 2 years previous to that. And so we work very heavily to see that there's just an absolute minimum potential, if at all, for a mosquito born disease to take place in the district, and especially in this area. One of the most common diseases that we have to contend with obviously is not with humans but with the dog heartworm. That is, what you're seeing here is a relatively recent slide that shows the spread of dog heartworm which is an exclusive mosquito born disease. I don't mean to gross you out here or anything but this is an electron micrograph of the part of the mosquito and some of the small worms that are being injected into the dog. And after a period of 120 1 Park and Rec Commission Meeting June 23, 1992 - Page 24 days, maybe up to 5 years later, this is one of the hearts that has been taken from a dog that has died and those are the adult worms which have basically clogged up the plumbing so the dog's not able to pump blood. Obviously, many people will feed their dogs, dog heartworm pilis...to control the little larvae before they grow up but they can grow up to be a size of about 1 foot or more and so from a domesticated animal standpoint, again mosquito control is the way to knock down those populations also. Under the program we have is a lyme tick surveillence program. Lyme is the name of a community in Connecticut and what we're doing, the legislature II enabled us to do tick surveillence here a couple of years back. This is our third year and this is an adult deer tick. There's three different phases. This is a nymph form. You can see that's a fingernail in the upper left hand corner there on the skin and as a larvae, it's almost undetectable. Most of this phase.of the tick though is a non - infected stage so it's the other ones that do that. So we've been running surveillence on small mammal trapping. This is a white footed deer mouse II and you can see on the ears and on the eye, the ticks that have been attached. We set out, and this is the adult deer obviously but this could as well be a human being or a large mammal that collects ticks. We have a " number of locations, we have about 270 locations through the district where we put out these transets and trap small mammals and then when we find these mammals, we then search them for ticks and that information gets sent" to the University of Minnesota to be studied and also to the Minnesota Department of Health and also information shared with the Center for Disease Control among other agencies that are involved too. I might note that the cadavers here of the creatures that are caught are also given to II the University of Minnesota. I believe it's the Rapture Center, Dave. Dave Neitzel: Wildlife Rehabilitation. " Ross Green: Wildlife Rehabilitation area and they use that for the carrying feeders that they feed it to. So they can eat it. So they are I recycled in a way too. Also drag sampling is another approach and also examining road kills and I'll let Dave address some other things. This is the budget for the Mosquito Control District for 1992 and you can see how it's broken down into the various programs. Do any ofyou want to.add anything to this presentation? MMCD. Schroers: What is the total dollar amount to that budget? Ross Green: It's $9.9 million. $9,946,714.00. Schroers: Where does most of the funding for this? " Ross Green: I'm sorry, thank you. It is, it's primarily through property taxation in the 7 counties and•HACA credit that is given to the District. I Questions. Comments. Schroers: I have a question. I don't know if you're going to address this further down in your presentation or not but I think that the major concern here is going to be what kind of an affect these pesticides have on the environment. A couple of particular questions that I have is, do you have to have a commercial pesticide applicator's to apply this and is it a restricted use chemical? • I ' 'Park and Rec Commission Meeting June 23, 1992 - Page 25 Ross Green: No. They are not restricted use chemicals. And as an organization we feel compelled, because of the quantity of materials that ' we do use, we feel we need to have a license and we do have licenses. But many of these materials can be bought over the counter and bought to apply by a homeowner many times so we do have licenses through the State of Minnesota however. The Agricultural Department. Schroers: And is someone going to address the issue of what kind of environmental affect there is as a result of applying these chemicals? Ross Green: These are EPA registered materials that we're using that we apply them according to label and they're designed to be put onto the ' vegetation at a doseage rate that we comply with. And we have asked, because of some of concern, we have asked. We have a panel called a scientific pure review panel which is composed of a number of experts in their field from toxicologists to behavioral biologists to enamologists to a number of different discliplines. And we have asked the SPRP we call them, scientific pure review planel, to look into, to answer some of the concerns that are involved with the adulticides or the adult mosquito control materials that we use. We have exhausted, I should say, inexhaused material on the larval control materials that we've had. Primarily back in 1987 we have been involved with doing studies on the larval control materials that we have and I brought a number of references so you can have a look at. They're welcome, if you want to come and take a look at them, we have an extensive library of information and the studies, the independent studies that have been done. I want to be very clear that 11 these, the SPRP are independent scientists that award grants to these independent contractors to study the most pressing questions that have come up since our environmental impact statement of, well 1977 and then again in 1987 and these are long term studies that are addressing those major concerns. And as I mentioned to you, the primary approach for mosquito control is with the larval control program. That's our direction. And we are using less and less of the adult mosquito control materials. But because of the concerns and the fact that we're still using them, we asked the SPRP to take a look at the use of adulticides as well. But from an adult mosquito control standpoint, we feel that these are the safest materials available for use in controlling mosquitoes in areas. The label states very clearly about residential and park areas. Campsites. They have a ton of different areas where it can be used and that's the way we approach it so from an environmental standpoint, they have a very low mammalial toxicity and that's what we use. ' Resident: I'd like to ask a question. Are any chemicals used proven to be life threatening? Ross Green: Life threatening? I would hope that no one would drink them. ' I mean that's one of the things that. Resident: No, after applied. Ross Green: Oh, absolutely not. Absolutely not. These materials. Resident: ...got mosquitoes in... Park and Rec Commission Me a Meeting June 23, 1992 - Page 26 Ross Green: The Aedes triseriatus mosquito is able to transmit LaCrosse encephalitis which is a severe disease. And I would, if anyone has any specific questions not only about the program but about LaCrosse encephalitis, Dave Neitzel is the expert in the area from our district and can address any questions from that standpoint too. That's why he's with us. Yes sir. Erickson: Maybe you can't answer these and I know they're kind of general but roughly, how many cases are reported in the 7 county metro of encephalitis caused by mosquitoes or is it just this LaCrosse? Ross Green: Dave, do you want to? 1 Erickson: Presently with the control program. Just rough numbers if you have them. Dave Neitzel: Well prior to the beginning of our LaCrosse encephalitis prevention program and that began in 1987, there was an average of 2 to 3 cases of LaCrosse encephalitis in the 7 county metroplitan area every year Since 1989 now, we've had 3 years without a case of LaCrosse encephalitis in the district. That's partially due to the use of adult control materials but it's also due to the public education program that we've conducted and the extensive breeding site removal efforts that we've conducted. Koubsky: Is there any other source of spreading either LaCrosse or Wester" encephalitis? Dave Neitzel: No. LaCrosse encephalitis is transmitted by this one mosquito. This one species of mosquito and Western Equine Encephalitis is!' transmitted by the QX tarsalios mosquito. Koubsky: Is there any other natural way to spread this disease or is the II mosquito the sole? Dave Neitzel: No. Yeah, both of these viruses are mosquito transmitted. II Erickson: This may be a real hard question to answer but how many cases would you expect if this program didn't exist? 1 Dave Neitzel: Well it's impossible to speculate. I would think that we'd at least see the 2 to 3 cases in the 7 county metropolitan area every year. Statewide there's roughly 10 cases reported every year and there have been ' cases reported the last few years outside of our district. Mainly in southeastern Minnesota along the Mississippi River. Schroers: What is your goal or your mission? Is it to totally eradicate II the mosquito or is it to control it to tolerable levels? Ross Green: I think we'd like to get the Aedes triseriatus mosquito off 1 the map but as far as the Aedes vexans and the ones that bite, we're talking about a control program and getting it down to a tolerable levels in terms of annoyance but that also affects the general public health. So II it's not an eradication program by any stretch of the imagination. It is a Park and Rec Commission Meeting June 23, 1992 - Page 27 II control program that's directed at the most prolific breeding areas that 1 produce mosquitoes. Schroers: Which mosquito transmits the heartworm and how effective is your program on reducing that risk? 1 Ross Green: There are probably 10 to 13 species of mosquitoes that produce or that can carry dog heartworm. The Aedes vexans is one of them. The spring variety of mosquitoes which are 8 or 10 or even more than can carry this disease. Schroers: And how effective do you think your program is in reducing the ' risk that a particular animal is going to contract heartworm? Ross Green: Again, I'm not sure of the data from the University of 11 Minnesota. We get a lot of the information from the University of Minnesota on terms of the cases that are reported by the veterinarians around the 7 county area. Some are reported. Some aren't. There's a lot, 1 it's hard to say from that standpoint. We do know that it's an exclusive mosquito born disease however and we do, in terms of our treatments, we're involved with doing pre- treat, post -treat counts. In terms of reducing a population in a certain area for example. If there's a harborage area or particular location. I mentioned to you the harborage collections that we're involved with. The light traps. We also run 2 and 5 minute bite counts. They're either slap counts or they're collections that are taken ' to indicate the number of mosquitoes. We do that before and after to determine how effective we were in that particular area. But again, the adult mosquito control is again a back -up or supplement... (There was a tape change at this point in the discussion.) Al Klingelhutz: ...have there ever been any cases of encephalitis recorded in the city of Chanhassen? Dave Neitzel: Yes. Since LaCrosse encephalitis was discovered back in 1965, there are 5 confirmed cases from within the borders of Chanhassen. 4 cases near the northern border of the city and 1 kind of in southern Chanhassen. But remember the map that Ross showed you, there's a big cluster of confirmed case sites around the Lake Minnetonka area and coming down into the Chanhassen area here. Al Klingelhutz: But what has been done in the past 5 years to control that mosquito in Chanhassen? Dave Neitzel: Well in Chanhassen specifically, well first of all. The City of Chanhassen passed an ordinance, it's part of your nuisance ordinance that prohibits having potential Aedes triseriatus breeding habitat on property. That's helped quite.a bit. We've done extensive surveillence across the city trying to locate neighborhoods with high populations of this mosquito and once we've found those areas, we moved in with public education in the form of LaCrosse encephalitis prevention leaflets. There's a supply in your library here and upstairs also, to kind ' of educate the public about potential problems in their own back yard. To get them to pick up the water holding containers. We've also removed any • Park and Rec Commission Meeting June 23, 1992 - Page 28 water holding containers that we've come across during our inspections. Tires, buckets and we've filled in tree holes. And we've been able to effectively reduce a lot of these potential problem areas. Reduce the numbers of the mosquito and hopefully that will. end up reducing the diseas risk also. Resident: Are you finding more breeding sites as the new homes are going 1 in to... Dave Neitzel: Unfortunately that tends to be the case. Since this mosquito uses man made containers so much, they usually exist at low levels and most wood lots around the Twin Cities here but when you move, when you get a development into an area, you get a lot of peoplg going in there. They throw out even just a 12 ounce beverage can makes a great breeding site for these mosquitoes and it's not uncommon to see the numbers go way up. A lot of times before we can get in there and clean up some of these areas, it's necessary to treat these wood lots with adult mosquito control materials to knock down the populations until we can get in there and clean up the areas. Resident: Aren't some of these sites... Dave Neitzel: Sure. Sure. Obviously we've had to prioritize our surveillence efforts and one of those criterias to look at areas where mosti ( of the people are. Start there and work into the more uninhabited areas. Andrews: I have some questions about the chemicals again. I noticed on II one of the slides that the person driving the ATV had a gas mask on as they're driving away from the camera. I guess my question was, are these chemicals, then they're in a pre -mixed stage at the site or like when you're doing helicopter applications, are they then a higher concentration that would present a problem if there was a spill or problems like that? Ross Green: Yes sir. Two situations. When you're talking about the ' helicopter, we don't apply adulticides from the helicopter but we do ask our people or recommend that they use a dust mask for the particulate matter that's there when they breathe it in as they load the helicopter because many times they don't turn off the engines because of fuel consumption and it presents very little threat in terms of how they approach the helicopter and training involved. That's one aspect. In terms of the ATV, with the gas mask you see, that's a half mask respirator II is what that is. And it's an OSHA regulation for employees. It's part of right to know. It's part of, there is a material on there that are /aromatic petroleum solvents that are used in this process. They've identified that as a threshhold limit value on that and because we work in close proximity to the application, these people have it on their backs and they apply close to the vegetation. As they do that, a gust of wind can come back right in the face that close when it comes out of the nozzle and that we've asked them and it's recommended. We've done testing on the outside of whether need to use masks or not. Many times it's borderline i some cases that you need a mask but because it's recommended, we do require' our employees to wear the half mask respirator. Also goggles, a bump cap and gloves and long sleeve shirts. These are all employee protection situations. We have an internal policy of staying away from people and 1 Park and Rec Commission Meeting 1 June 23, 1992 - Page 29 obviously on the label it states to stay, because it's toxic to fish. 1 These material. These adult mosquito control materials so we stay away from fish bearing habitat and so we also have an internal policy of staying away from people too and if anyone's walking, we'll try to stay 100 feet I away from them. That doesn't state that on the label but we do stay away from that standpoint. 1 Andrews: Let me rephrase the question or have it clarified a little bit more. When these sprays are emitted, is there a certain distance they must go before they reach a safe concentration or are they safe immediately upon discharge? 1 Ross Green: If there's an insect that comes flying right through where the nozzle is. 1 Andrews: I'm not worried about the insect. I'm worried about the human. Ross Green: Oh. From an overall standpoint, the chances of becoming 1 harmed by it are very minimal but the way we apply it, we stand about 10 feet or less away from the woods itself. It's kind of like painting the fence. We walk along and we apply the material to the vegetation so I there's no one there when we're there. And as we notice, as there are people approaching or that type of thing, we'll turn it off. That type of thing so there's not that. 1 Andrews: Another question would be. If you were to adopt new chemicals, I would assume we would be advised on what these chemicals are so that. I Ross Green: Absolutely. One of the things I've had a chance to, one of the things we're trying to do is enhance the relationships we have with the communities that we work in and we've already had a meeting with Todd here I and the Park and Rec Department. I know there's been some expression of concern by some citizens and also from a notification standpoint and we're trying to work with the city of Chanhassen and your Park Board via Todd as 1 to posting the parks and to notify Todd when we are going to be in an area so you know what we're up to and what we're doing. We want to establish that positive relationship between the cities when we do that. I also have given a presentation to your Safety Commission a couple of years back and 1 have had conversations with Scott Harr, your Public Safety Director and we've enjoyed a very positive relationship with the city of Chanhassen. We appreciate the cooperation we've had and we want to enrich that. 1 Koubsky: I have a question. On your material safety data sheet you have two compounds basically. The permethrin and that's at 57%. Is that 57% solution? , 1 Ross Green: No. That's a concentrate is what that is and that's diluted down into the finished spray that's used.: 1 Koubsky: And then you've got your xylene which is. 1 Ross Green: That's not xylene sir. I've included on the document that I've seen there, it is not one of the toxilogical inert concerns that you see on there but it's xylene range and that's in term of how the material 1 Park and Rec Commission Meeting June 23, 1992 - Page 30 is formulated and how it's applied. It's unfortunate the word xylene itself is there but it's not xylene and as you can see from the documentation that you have before you. Koubsky: Okay, and then your TLV. Is that based on xylene? Ross Green: No, it's based on, those are aromatic petroleum solvents. Mineral spirits. Koubsky: I understand. ' Ross Green: Yeah, and that's what it is. There's been a threshhold limit ' value established. I think it says 100 part per million doesn't it? And that's why the use of the, for our employees, that material safety data sheet is for the use by employees to, that's why we ask them to wear a respirator when they work in close proximity to the material. So they're II aware of the factors involved. I mean the material itself. Koubsky: It's a mineral spirit then? 1 Ross Green: Yes sir. Koubsky: Now for toxicity you've got on your ad here, that it kills ' mosquitoes, gnats, biting, non- biting midges, blackflies and other biting flies. It is an insecticide that kill insects? Ross Green: Yes sir. And we use it to control mosquitoes. Koubsky: Right. But it would kill insects, so bees, spiders. Ross Green: It depends on the doseage rate that it's used at. But the way we apply it is applied to control mosquitoes and tiny flies that are in that range. Example, a blackfly for example would take a much greater doseage to control than a mosquito would for example. And we don't spray for blackflies. But that material is designed for use in applying for different kinds of insects but the way we apply it is for mosquitoes. Koubsky: Okay the does, is that a dose they get when it's in the air or a contact dose when it's on vegetation? Ross Green: Susan, would you want to address the chemical aspects of this thing? Dr. Pelchick can probably shed a little more light onto this and answer your question. Susan Pelchick: I'm not sure I understand the question. Koubsky: Well it is an insecticide. I know the goal here is to kill ' mosquitoes. I'm just wondering what else kills and the answer was given, the doses are made to hone in on mosquitoes or I would think II mosquito size insects. My question is, does it kill every mosquito sized insect? Susan Pelchick: Part of it is size dependent and part of it would also be II just basic physiology. The permethrin is applied at a tenth of a pound Park and Rec Commission Meeting June 23, 1992 - Page 31 active ingredient per acre. So part of that is meant to impinge on the ' vegetation and be contacted by mosquitoes as they rest on the vegetation. So it's bringing in the behavior of the mosquitoes as they move in and out of these resting areas. They'll contact vegetation and contact the insecticide. Koubsky: Okay, then farther up the food chain, any study on effects? What that does to birds or fish or frogs or any other? ' Susan Pelchick: Not that I'm aware of. ' Resident: ...it does not kill anything. Bees, frogs, spiders... Koubsky: That's the adult spray they're using? ' Resident: The adult spray... Schroers: I think I'd like to point out that one reason that we are so ' particularly concerned about the effects of the chemicals on the environment is because it's something that is in such focus currently in our entire, in the entire world actually. But Chanhassen seems to have a number of very special people that live here that are real concerned about all of the issues and you can tell from the first item we addressed this evening that there are a lot of people that are concerned and we want to be as sure as we can be that the chemicals that are going to be used in our city are as safe as can be and used as properly with the right mixing and that sort of thing. I have an applicator's license. A commercial applicator's license myself and I understand that they tell us that they tell us that we can drink a quart of Round -up and it won't hurt us. Well I'm not going to drink a quart of Round -up and I think it's unfortunate that we have to use any kind of chemicals but I also feel that most of the major damage that's been done to the environment was done a long time ago. Before the current chemicals that we have now were being used in proper doseages and proper mixtures so hopefully we're not contributing any more to the deterioration. ' Susan Pelchick: Can I add something along those same lines? There's been some recommendations from some IPM groups in California and what they recommend is basically what we're doing so some of the bad press goes along with some of the, like you said, some of the chemicals that were used before. But the materials that we're using now are the ones that are being ' recommended by some of the. Schroers: The question that I have, you know you read the label and anybody that has an applicator's license knows that being consistent with the label is of ultimate importance but the question that I always have is, who puts the information on this label? Is it the chemical companies or is there a governing agency that oversees what information is put on the ' label. I mean how do I know that the information that's on the label is totally correct? ' Susan Pelchick: The labels are composed by the manufacturers, which is unfortunate. But it's under the scrutiny of EPA and then within the different states goes another level of scrutiny. And what we've done in Park and Rec Commission Meeting June 23, 1992 - Page 32 1 some cases is, like Ross said, was staying away from some of the water areas. We've taken what the label says and put an extra measure of safety" on there. Taken it a little bit further than that to take it a little bit further than what the manufacturer says just to be extra sure. And another thing is, we do have a pretty extensive training program for our personnel!' so it's not just that they get their license and then they're free to just go out and do whatever they want. The full time personnel go through extensive training every winter to go over some of the new safety things II and some of the other concerns. Environmental concerns and what not and also proper application techniques and concerns. And the seasonal employees also go through several days of training every year. Koubsky: Just one comment I'd have. You do say that it is EPA approved and you follow the labels but things like 24D are also approved and people follow the labels and residents can put that on their lawn. You know nobody else can in a commercial application. DDT was also approved and wail used extensively. Your people use respirators and I don't think you have to hide behind that. You know the material safety data sheets says there' some things that people shouldn't be breathing and respirators are a thing to wear to protect long term exposure for that. I would be interested though in, if there was a study. I'm not a chemical engineer by any sense but I do work with chemicals and has anybody looked at long term effects o higher order of food chain for some of these compounds? We're sprayin them in parks. We're putting them in wetlands. The intent is to put them in a very productive organic environments. What is the effect on birds ancli other higher forms of wildlife? Susan Pelchick: Actually there have been studies on mammalian toxicity, ' which is very, very low for these materials. I don't know that they've looked at it in terms of going up the food chain but they've looked at some pretty high doses and higher than what we're talking about. Andrews: I have one more chemical question here. Are you done? Koubsky: Yeah, I'm done. , Andrews: There was a comment made about diluting a chemical. I just heard it briefly mentioned. I was trying to get an answer to that before. I guess I'm concerned about are compounds brought to the site on a very concentrated format and then diluted at the site or is that done elsewhere? Susan Pelchick: That's all done elsewhere. Most of it's done in one central warehouse and then distributed. Andrews: Obviously my concern's about spills. ' Susan Pelchick: Yeah, it's in the diluted form. Lash: I had a couple of questions too. Just if we take Lake Ann Park as an example. And you said that we had a big public celebration there on the 4th of July and you would spray then. Do you also do that periodically or on a regular basis or just when you're called in or how often do you do that? Park and Rec Commission Meeting June 23, 1992 - Page 33 1 Ross Green: Well, as I mentioned, because of the surveillence aspect of ' this, if there are no mosquitoes there, we're not going to spray. If there are mosquitoes and then the operation that I described is what we would do. Again working within the label and how we apply it. Lash: So in the past has it been twice a year? 20 times a year? Ross Green: Oh. It depends on the mosquito populations. It really does. It depends on how bad they are. During the drought years obviously we had very few mosquitoes. When we had high populations where there's 12 broods of mosquitoes, you know we've had a lot of mosquitoes so it's on more of a 1 regular basis that it's done. Because the permethrin is able to last in shaded areas maybe 10 days or so, it would be on a regular basis if the mosquito populations were such where they needed to be brought down. Otherwise if they did not need to be brought down, we wouldn't be doing the ' spraying. Lash: So it could potentially be done say every 2 weeks? Ross Green: Yes. ' Lash: Okay. And I heard you say something about some kind of posting or signage. Is that something you're considering doing or is it something you do already? ' Ross Green: No. That's something we are doing. That's one of the things we picked up from. We had an opportunity this year, all the supervisors to contact all the Park and Recreation Directors in all the 7 county ' metropolitan area. Todd is one of them and we had a meeting with him and discussed our relationships and what we do and how we do it. We invited his input into the whole thing and recommendations and those type of things and we're trying to adhere to those recommendations as we've discussed them. If you want to add anything to that Todd, from our standpoint at this point. Lash: Well and I know Dave's already hit on the food chain a couple of times but I had that in my notes too and I wasn't even thinking of birds. I was thinking of larger mammals like deer or even it does affect the fish ' population and then that humans turn around and consume. And you said, obviously someone wouldn't drink this chemical but if these animals are eating the foliage that's been sprayed and then humans eat the animals, is that something that can affect humans? Ross Green: Part of the reason we talk about fish is because they're a cold blooded creature and they're not designed to be applied to fish ' bearing habitats and so we stay away from that. As far as mammals go, from a mammalial standpoint, as Susan mentioned to you, has very low mammalial toxicity and again, we believe that according to the data that's out there through EPA, and it's not EPA approved. It's EPA registered, not approved. Materials that we're talking about, the adulticides. We believe that these are the safest materials to use for adult mosquito control and as I think we've pointed out, especially in the Chanhassen area, that many of the park ' areas and places where we do spray, there's an interrelationship there between not only vexans and spring aedes mosquitoes but also could have an Park and Rec Commission Meeting June 23, 1992 - Page 34 ' effect on the triseriatus populations too. So it's the same materials tha� are used. These synthetic pyrethroids are used for mosquito control no matter what kind of mosquito it is. And so just FYI. Hoffman: Any more commission questions for the folks here from the Mosquito Control. We do need to move forward. Koubsky: The briquettes are not chemical based? ' Ross Green: Everything's a chemical. It's a growth hormone mimic is what it is and they are designed for larval control and they are considered non toxic to human beings. Koubsky: Does that have a safety material data sheet? Ross Green: Yes it does. I don't have that with me but yes they all, all of these materials have material safety data sheets, yes. Koubsky: Can you get me a copy? , Ross Green: Sure can. In fact, are they in, well Susan's left. But I'll make sure you do get one. In fact Todd I think you have, I think he has II this already. I've given a packet of information with the control materials. Material safety data sheets and everything. If he doesn't have that, I will get you a copy. 1 Koubsky: There's one in here but I don't think it's for the briquettes. Ross Green: Yeah I think that's probably, it's probably for the , adulticides that you've got. Schroers: Okay, well thank you very much for making that presentation. J1 There was a lot of useful information. I have seen personally the mosquit control out in action and from what I've seen, they appear to be very professional and I hope that it is a safe and successful program and something that continues. Hoffman: Chairman Schroers? Prior to moving forward, I think it would be to everyone's benefit in the room to discuss why we're here tonight. ' Obviously we had a very nice presentation on mosquito control in it's entirety. The reason the Park and Recreation Commission is reviewing this is because they operate within Chanhassen city parks. You are the agency or the commission which oversees activities within city parks. The safety. of the activities of the Metropolitan Mosquito Control District have been brought into question, not only in our city but in other cities as well. The application of a pesticide called Punt, which you have the label of, within 100 feet of Lake Ann quickly brought this issue to focus here in the city. This application of Punt was in violation of it's EPA label. Based on this information, the Minnesota Department of Agriculture asked the Court to assess a $1,000.00 civil penalty against the MMCD and ordered therill to remedy the violation by appointing the responsible employee to speak on the importance of complying with the Minnesota Pesticide Law. Again, it the burden of the Park Commission and not only the Commission but the city as a whole to decide whether or not you would like the Metropolitan Park and Rec Commission Meeting June 23, 1992 - Page 35 Mosquito Control District to operate within Lake Ann. To operate within ' Lake Susan and another side note of interest is that currently they do load their helicopter in a parking lot at Lake Ann. Representatives of MMCD stated they received permission to do so from a maintenance employee. I do not believe that permission is valid and I would like for the Park Commission, the Public Safety Commission and the City Council to review that loading of a helicopter for mosquito control at location at Lake Ann. So again those are the essential issues of why we're here tonight and I just needed to clarify that part prior to Mr. Rivkin making his presentation. Schroers: Okay, thank you. Eric. ' Eric Rivkin: Thank you very much. I thank Todd Hoffman and the Park Board for having me here to make a presentation and enlighten, with an opposing view. My talk intended to be about 20 minutes so it will be about half as long as Mr. Green's. I wish that I could get as many bites on a fishing line as I get bites from mosquitoes. I don't like them as anybody else. ' I'd like to clear the air with some facts about mosquitoes and pesticides that I hope will help you decide what to do about nuisance mosquito controls in Chanhassen parks. And I emphasize the word nuisance mosquito controls. I'm not against LaCrosse encephalitis methods, you know to ' control that. I do however have some things to say to this couple here who are real concerned about it. I would say if it's in my neighborhood, I would do what I could to get the Mosquito Control District out there and educate myself to find out where the sources are. Ross Green goes on public television and says, and his pamphlets and says, education is our biggest weapon against LaCrosse encephalitis and I believe that, and he says it's the most effective weapon against it. I understand that the 1 Mosquito District is spraying adulticides for this mosquito. If that's the only way, last resort, fine. If it's treated as a last resort but maybe there's a, try what I can to find. Maybe it's a gutter or a tree hole ' somewhere in your neighborhood that's causing it but why not get rid of it where the source is. Rather than put up with the potential of having this disease effect you. Resident: ...conscientious about the tree holes and we have cleaned up... unfortunately has not been found and they were still there... ' Eric Rivkin: Well if that's the last resort, than that's what you've got to do. But it's hard to find a citizen around that knows the difference between a mosquito that can cause a disease and one that can't. One of my neighbors who I live next door to, his grandaugther had LaCrosse Encephalitis and is mentally retarded from it. Once I gave him the brochure that Mr. Green gave me, he then became aware that hey, the mosquito that's in my wetlands'right now, the Aedes vexan and the ..mosquito is not the one that caused my daughter to get mental retardation. It's the very rare mosquito,. We're talking about 17 cases in the last 10 years in the 7 county metro area and it's not considered a disease control program. If that's the case, then we're spending roughly $1.66 million dollars a case. That's not cost effective. Also, if you notice, I don't know that Ross really did answer your question about how effective is the heart worm reduction. You really can't answer it but I do know from my research that the general knowledge is that the sheer number Park and Rec Commission Meeting June 23, 1992 - Page 36 ' of mosquitoes left alive after mosquito control is all over with to do their job is enough to keep heartworm at levels, that if mosquito control II didn't exist and that's true in other parts of the country that don't have mosquito control or other cities in Minnesota that don't have mosquito control. Also, as far as antidotal evidence that you've provided us about" the recovery of wildlife after spraying. The findings of Hennepin Parks and hundreds of scientists around the world unfortunately do not agree with your antidotal data. I will present evidence that shows that to the contrary that pyrethra is one of the most toxic to all kinds of wildlife II including insects. And with regards to the question about, is there full environmental impact studies of wetland ecosystems? There isn't any. Mammalian studies alone, bird studies alone which are being conducted or II have been conducted don't cut it. Dr. Cooper you know is an unfinished, you know Dr. Cooper? The one who is the expert on water fowl, here did a study that showed that both growth and breeding habits of mallard duckling can be affected because of the disruption of the food chain in eliminating mosquito larvae which they eat. If it's available, they'll eat that. If it's midge larvae, they'll eat that but the metheprine does kill non target species other mosquito larvae and midge larvae is one of them. And he found that, it suggests that it can affect that. The study isn't completeil yet because he hasn't been given funding to complete it. So it's inconclusive but that's where it's at right now. I want to continue with my presentation thank you. I'm here because I don't want what happened to II me and my son at Lake Ann Park to ever happen to anyone else. After exhaustive research over the last several years, local environmental group and I were able to collect enough facts, not feelings, about the safety an effectiveness in the Mosquito Control District program. That number one. It convinced the legislature, State Legislature to pass a law this year authored by Senator Gen Olson to put a cap on the wasteful spending of the MMCD and made all legislators aware of the severe lack of accountability o this agency. Two, it convinced former Senator Don Storm to introduce a bill last year that tried to stop the MMCD from wasting $3.1 million on a new headquarters in St. Paul at a time when budgets were supposed to be cut' and there's a 27% unoccupancy rate in St. Paul office space. Three, it convinced Senator Johnston and Representative Kelso of our area to sponsor bills that would forewarn concerned citizens of the health hazards before II mosquito pesticides would be applied. That's how serious they can affect human health. We're very sure about that. Four, convinced the Minneapolis Park Boark, as of June 10th, to unanimously give strong vocal support...in� all 64,000 acres of city land and parks. The MMCO Director, Robert Shogre infuriated the Park Board by challenging their decision on Channel 9 TV News by calling it a political...of scientifically based decision. He also' failed to show up at the Park Board meeting he called for to discuss the issue. And five, it convinced many other Metro area parks, cities and individual citizens to refuse nuisance mosquito control chemicals using rights guaranteed under Minnesota Statute 473 which guarantees the right of refusal of a control program. Not the disease control but the nuisance control. Two City Councils, Maplewood and Forest Lake will go beyond a mere band and consider opting out of the 'District altogether. Saving their citizens tens of thousands of dollars in property taxes that could be used , to solve real problems, not for killing bugs. Programs like the protecting natural resources, improving parks and recreation, or help for the poor. Citizens in Chanhassen would greatly appreciate that too. The actual literature and scientific references that I refer to in this presentation, 1 `Park and Rec Commission Meeting June 23, 1992 - Page 37 now I can prepare a copies for you if you like. I do have some fact sheets to hand out at the end of the presentation. And at your request I'll ' prepare the same thing that I gave Al Singer at the Minneapolis Park Board. So who's buzzing who? What are the hidden facts about Metroplitan Nusiance Mosquito Control? Well, as Ross Green said, their main mission is to, but 1 it's with a chemical control program. The cost test...is $9 to $12 million dollars a year. The tax levy for Eastern Carver County, not all of Carver County is involved in the district. Only the eastern half because that's ' where most the breeding sites are. In 1992 mosquito control, the tax levy is $96,270.00 and that's up from $88,000.00 in 1991, an increase of 8 %. Despite deep cuts in government spending elsewhere. I don't .know what portion of the levy is Chanhassen's though. The MMCD would like people to ' know that, believe that nuisance mosquito control is safe. Mosquitoes are not the only victims however of their chemical warfare program. Some of these victims are citizens effected by pesticide spraing around their neighborhoods and parks. The National Academy of Sciences in Washington reports that at least 15% of our population are chemically hyper sensitive. Many people can or have become seriously ill from exposure to mosquito pesticides in particular. Especially the adulticides the MMCD uses, Punt and Scorge. In spite of increasing health complaints, innocent bystanders in our parks and homes in both Minneapolis and St. Paul especially, because they receive hundreds of calls, are at risk of exposure when these ' adulticides are sprayed in the air we have to breathe. So what public health threat really exists here? It's not a disease control program. First it is important to understand that $10 million or whatever worth of pesticides to reduce mosquito nuisance each year does not protect us from mosquito born diseases. It's a selective, localized control mechanism for that. The MMCD allocates only very small portions of their funds for mosquito disease prevention. But they like to have you believe it's like the reason for the whole program and you have to accept the whole program in order to get disease control. That's not true. You can have zero nuisance mosquito control and 100% disease bearing control and it would cost a fraction of that $10 million. The main education tool of course to control that is through breeding sites like old tires, last resort spraying. The cattail mosquito program is the same way. It is set up for 1 nuisance mosquito control. Ask any technical advisory board member on that independent advisory panel that he mentioned and they'll tell you it's not a disease control program for Western Encephalisit or Eckland Encephalitis. There's a nuisance control program. Mosquito annoyance in itself is not a ' public health threat yet the pesticides used to control them seem to be, in 1991 alone hundreds of people either witnessed or were directly exposed to mosquito pesticides and some became ill. All were concerned enough about health effects to call and complain to their Park Boards, the DNR and other agencies because they didn't know who to call. This contrasts with only 17 confirmed cases versus the hundreds of complaints of people getting sick of mosquito born diseases in the last 10 years in the metro area. I am still ' glad to see someone is removing tires and trying to educate people. I wish they would do more of it. There is a lack of safety assurances here. Citizens ought to feel secure that mosquito pesticides are tested safe and yet there is no evidence that all ingredients have been fully tested safe for humans. Their hazardous effects have not been revealed because EPA registration is not a measure of safety. The MMCD boasts that their pesticides have EPA registration and therefore should be presumed safe but on the other hand, according to the U.S. Congressional Testimony by the New 1 Park and Rec Commission Meeting June 23, 1992 - Page 38 ' York State Attorney General, last summer who testified against lawn chemicals, EPA registration is, an established fact, is not to be considered a measure of safety. Because all EPA registration means is tha the required tests were conducted so the product will, and I quote, "perform it's intended function without unreasonable adverse effects on thll environment ". Registration does not require that full environmental or human health effect studies be done. Period. Inert ingredients which may constitute up to 99.8% of the pesticides, according to the labels, have no adequate health testing. The nature of these inerts are protected by trad� secrets and need not be disclosed to the EPA or the public. That's why it's very difficult for Ross to answer your questions, well what's in this stuff. The National Coalition Against Misuse of Pesticides, NCAMP, II reported in 1985 that inert ingredients including those found in mosquito abatement pesticides, may actually be as toxic or more so than the active ingredients. Xylene is one of them. What chemicals are used to kill nuisance mosquitoes that can be harmful to humans? The adulticides are the" worst. There's your pyrethroids, Punt and Scorch. After they've been hatched and already become a nuisance. This is how they're dealt with. A much as 57% of total acres treated or 226,000 acres of our public parks an neighborhoods in the 7 county metro area were treated in 1990 with these for nuisance mosquitoes, our parks included. The number of acres treated however has significantly decreased to the parks natural areas opting othe T control programs and all the massive number of complaints. Massive use of' these airborn toxics also aggravate air pollution because they contain the aromatic petroleum solvents that you see on the labels, including Scorch. Scorch is that cold fog used in the areas with the highest complaints. It is considered an aerial toxicant. That was a term coined by scientists. It toxifies the air. Anything that breathes it will be effected adversely to whatever degree that organism is, including people. It's supposed to kill' mosquitoes flying in the toxified air but there is no evidence that it actually kills mosquitoes. It chases them away out of the neighborhood and 3 to 6 days, they all come back to normal levels anyway and that data come right from the MMCD's own charts. Punt has permethrin that is spray coate� on the vegetation and it's effectiveness is up to 14 days but that's without rain. Now as you can see from Punt's label, it's a very hazardous chemical. Highly toxic to birds, bees and fish. It is 8 times more effective at killing biological organisms than Malathion, which was recently found in April, 1991 to effect our immune systems in the University of Southern California Scientific Findings. I find out after mAl case file is open to the public, that the material safety data sheet also • in your packet for Punt, reveals that it contains xylene aromatic solvents. Now Ross Green told all of us and me yesterday, there's little worry about' Punt because it's merely dilluted with food grade mineral oil and he says it really doesn't contain xylene. Well, I know better. I take that with a grain of salt. I called and talked for an hour with a toxicologist down i Texas for Russo Bio. The producer of Punt and he told me that Punt not only contains 5% xylene bio mass, there may be hundreds of other xylene range, hydrocarbon chemicals that make up.to 37% of the entire mixture of Punt. Xylene is one of 17 chemicals targeted by the Governor's II Environmental Task Force as a source of extremely harmful pollution that must be stopped. Xylene is a none carcenigen. As of June 11th, Punt 57 -0S is no longer registered for use in Minnesota and I hope it stays that way. The MMCD is being considered for exemption from this band until they use u their stockpile but I understand that this exemption is going to be Park and Rec Commission Meeting June 23, 1992 - Page 39 I withheld until further investigation into the chemical's potential harmful effects involving the Environmental Quality Board and the Department of Health. This is the first time these three agencies are going to get together and talk about Punt's effectiveness. Many other mosquito abatement districts in America, as far back as 1982, including Chicago. Districts 10 times the size of ours, recognize that adulticides are useless ' as an effective mosquito control. They say they're not good for people. I'm quoting Dr. Deim who is the head of their district. They say they're not good for people, wildlife and beneficial insects. As a result, adulticiding has been severely restricted or eliminated from our abatement ' program. And with the MMCD's notify list, I recognize that allergic reactions can exist from exposure. That's in one of the MMCD's pieces of literature. But it's surprisingly contradicts, the MMCD's surprisingly ' contradicts this by stating adulticides don't pose a threat to human health. I don't understand that. NCAMP reports that quote, "exposure to pyrethroids, resmethrine and permethrin, can result in contact dermititist and asthma like reactions, including runny nose and eyes." The EPA notes that quote, "people, especially children, with a history of allergies and asthma appear to be particularly sensitive." Labels also state pyrethrins are extremely toxic to fish, birds, insects and can harm ornamental plants ' and can peel the paint off your house. I don't think I want to breathe something that could do that. Some pyrethroids themselves are suspected carcenigens. Aerial toxicants in their dilluted form can drip into homes ' with open windows. On July 5, 1990 one person and her family in the Malcaster Groveland neighborhood in St. Paul suffered violent reactions from inhalation exposure to Scorch in this manner. She was infuriated when the MMCD told her quote, "we can't spray houses" and the MMCD did not ' investigate further. The MMCD did send her a fact sheets on Scorch which clearly state quote, "avoid breathing vapor or spray mist. Avoid contact with skin, eyes or clothing. Toxic to birds and fish." Unquote. In her ' written testimony to the legislature, which I had to present myself because she was too sick to come and testify in person. She says, "she feels lucky to be alive after that incident ". The MMCD personnel, as you've seen, wear ' masks to prevent inhaling this toxicant. Punt 57 -05 sprayed illegally in Lake Ann Park in Chanhassen in early June, 1992 caused my son and I to inhale residues resulting in headaches and nausea confirmed by a doctor the same day from foliage samples taken and witnessed by Pat Kelly, the MDA ' investigator. This is all in the case file. As you may know, the MMCD was found in violation because they failed to spray according to the label and spraying it too close to the lake. This was no accident. They have to stay 100 feet away. As a result of this action, their policy now is to go 15% beyond the the label rule and say 150 feet away. The report in the case file says that children were playing in the playground at the beach ' when the immediate area was sprayed. The applicator stopped, went around the kids, and started again 50 feet away. I bet those children needlessly breathed toxic vapors from the drift as it was sprayed. Their policy of keeping away from people is not followed. I was told by Ross Green, Information Director of the MMCD in a letter which is also in your packet, that Lake Ann Park was always sprayed according to the label and usually and it said that it was sprayed 4 times it the summer at 2 -3 -4 week ' intervals. Apparently whether the park had a mosquito problem or not. Not when there were dip counts taken because there weren't any. They just went in and sprayed on a schedule. I couldn't find any city employee who had ever requested the Mosquito Control in Lake Ann Park`at all. It stemmed Park and Rec Commission Meeting ' June 23, 1992 - Page 40 from just the fact of coming in in 1983 and when they started coming into I the district and started spraying every park and if anybody came in and said no, then they'd stop. But until then, there really wasn't any close loop request. Even after being found guilty of this crime, the MMCD has I not yet apologized to me nor to the City of Chanhassen where they jeopardized my health and that of other citizens. In August 19, 1991, MMCD staff sprayed the trail area in St. Paul's Crosby Farm Park when school children were present. I believe that was Scorch. The Park's Naturalist with the class refused to lead the children to the toxicified area for fear they would be exposed to the pesticide. She was also angered there were no warnings given to her before she conducted her classes every' day and that the MMCD tried to convince her that the chemicals weren't harmful. The children observed quote, and I'm quoting this naturalist. "If it wasn't harmful, then why were the sprayers all wearing masks ?" Thill is an observation of 8 year old children. As of June 17th, all mosquito controls are not banned from this park. And all the St. Paul parks along the Minnesota River. I want to talk about the larvacides for a minute. The BTI formulation contains the highest percentage, 99.8% of inert ingredients of the 4 major pesticides the MMCD uses. This is troubling because according to NCAMP, I'm quoting from one of their publications, "it is unclear how much public toxicity (skin sensitivization in animals and I eye irritation in animals and people) can be ascribed to these "inert ingredient "." The EPA's major environmental concern about some BT formulations is that they can also kill endangered species of butterflies along with earthworms and bees. According to NCAMP, "the EPA has been critical of an apparent lack of standardization in BT product potency because the percentage of active ingredients cannot ever correspond to the statement on the label." Alticid. The metheprine in there is a chemical.' Heroin and cocaine are derived from natural materials but they're considered quite toxic. Metheprine is the same kind of category. It is derived from natural materials just like they are but it is toxic to livin41 organisms. It has 95% inert ingredients. Metheprine, as you can read it II right on the label, says can cause moderate eye irritation. Data is still incomplete about the adverse effects of metheprine. I told you about Dr. Cooper's study. Overdosing wetlands is a potential problem because according to the MMCD's own reports, undissolved briquettes do accumulate but the adverse effects of this accumulation are still not known. So why are we still permitting them to do this if they don't know what the effects' of this common occurence is of overdosing. It happened in our wetlands. As some neighbors were calling me up and saying hey, my dog has got these briquettes in his mouth and my kids are going and picking these up, what II are these things? I said those are the briquettes from mosquito control. He says the label says you'd better keep them away from children because it's got chemicals in it. And the dogs pick them up every year. You have to imagine people going, seasonal employees, high school, college aged kids going out into wetlands and trying to hit every briquette in a pool of where it's going to land in water. They don't. The effectivity, or efficacy as they like to call it of these briquettes is really not that I known. They have selected sites that they test but that's the same sites every year. They don't randomly go to a site and say well geez, how many briquettes made it and dissolved and how'many didn't. We found hundreds of briquettes in ditches that were left undissolved after a rainy year. They ' will sit on little tufts of grass so the next year they would come and then dump another 200 briquettes doseage for this one wetland and I have the 1 .Park and Rec Commission Meeting June 23, 1992 - Page 41 application records to prove it. There would have been an accumulation of about 3,000% of the amount of briquettes for that one particular 3 acre ' pond over by Lake Lucy Road. Now that pond drained into another pond which drains into my wetlands which drains into Lake Lucy. So you've got all this overdoseage possibly accumulating and going into a watershed and I said, we got together and said, enough is enough. Let's see what we can do ' without this chemicals. And we got together some facts and got a petition together and under the Statutue 473 we said, we don't want mosquito controls anymore and they're out as of 1990. We have over 200 acres west ' of Lake Ann and north of Lake Lucy that are out of the control program entirely. No briquettes. No larvacides. No adulticides. No nothing. We're very grateful that the helicopters aren't disturbing us anymore and ' as a result, the wood ducks came back and nested for the first time since 1983. And I checked this out with 20 other residents on Lake Lucy who hadn't seen a wood duck since they started mosquito control. This also verified, coincides with data that Art Hawkins of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service says that up at Lake Emelia the same thing happened in the early 1980's. Mosquito control came in. Wood ducks disappeared. Mosquito control went away. Wood ducks came back. Okay, it's all antidotal. Non ' scientific but nonetheless, the same thing happened here. Our dragonfly population has just zoomed. Dragonflies eat almost exclusively mosquitoes and annoyance seems to be about the same level or less last year after a ' year after mosquito control was kicked out. And we got a lot more song birds we feel and it seems there were a lot more fireflies hovering now too. Hundreds of concerned citizens call various park boards and the DNR despite desparate to find out who is spraying the chemicals in the parks. ' Almost none of these complaints get reported to the MMCD until our environmental groups told them they went unreported and the sheer volume of complaints is one reason that Minneapolis refuses to use mosquito control ' anymore. I'm alone here in Chanhassen apparently with these kind of complaints but once people get educated about it. Oh, that's what those are. You know I'm going to watch out for it and if I get sick, now I know what it is. I'll complain it you know. Now I know what it is. But it takes education for that to happen. The MMCD would treat an area without checking to see if there was a major problem to begin with and that's one reason why the Park Board in Minneapolis cancelled the program. They sprayed on a schedule rather than a need. When, contrary to your antidotal evidence, I was there the day and the day after they sprayed Lake Ann Park with Punt. And there was a noticeable quiet in sounds throughout the ' section of the park. No birds. No insects. Nothing. No frogs. No snakes. Nothing in the harborage. I mean it was completely dead. • Adulticides have no place in natural areas. They, according to the experts at Hennepin Parks and the DNR who banned these adulticides because they are sprayed in harborage where birds are not likely to nest because they nest on the edges of open areas and savannahs and grass areas and bees, they're likely to find flowers to polienate because that's where the sunlight is ' and that's in their most vulnerable time. This is when they're young and this is also when they spray. And there are many, all our State agencies, the Federal agencies, all these park boards have cancelled adulticides ' because they know it's harmful. Don't take my word for it. I've got, if you don't want to take my word for it. There's a list of contacts that I'm going to leave with Todd for copying for all of you. You're free to call any one of these people and ask away. After all this compelling evidence that adulticides are harmful, the MMCD continues to use these toxic 1 Park and Rec Commission Meeting 1 June 23, 1992 - Page 42 materials. They promised at the last Technical Advisory Board meeting thail they would improve their notification system but as it's actually gone 10 steps backward. They did not hold their promise and they.eliminated the notification system for Punt entirely and made it very difficult to find out when Scorch cold fogging is being done because they're requiring a citizen to call a hotline every single day. It's only updated once a day. You have to call it every day for 150 days during the season for a daily I fogging report. It's near impossible to make plans on short notice like that. In order to avoid needless exposure and minimize the risk to human health, citizens should have the right to know in a timely manner when these pesticides are used and whether they're a nuisance or an encephalitiji threat. Senator Johnston and Representative Kelso introduced legislation that might have resulted in adequate notification system but since that time I have learned more facts about the toxic hazards of adulticides used' by the MMCD. And in the interest of public health, I am concentrating efforts to get the adulticides banned outright instead of promoting a system of warning the hazards. To prevent exposure to mosquito adulticidell in the first place, Chanhassen parks should discontinue their use. The MMCD would like people to believe that the nuisance control program is effective. No scientific evidence exists that the nuisance mosquito control program reduces annoyance anymore. Growing awareness caused many legislators and citizens who can't be fooled easily who initiated proposals to ask for facts because of the apparent lack of accountability of this agency. They may brag about their independent advisory boards and how man" mosquitoes they kill each year but they don't kill enough to make a difference. The advisory boards only meet once a year for a few hours on a schedule set by the MMCD. They have no voting authority over the program. I have been to two of these meetings in the last 2 years with environmental groups and we've observed this in action. Concerns get aired about the banning of adulticides 2 years in a row and nothing gets done. Here I am. You know about the only way we're going to do it is at a grass roots level Alright, let's do it. Local governments can prohibit nuisance mosquito controls. They can prohibit certain controls like adulticides. You can require notification that really works for it's citizens if you have to doll it such as signage that warns of the actual health hazards. Not a sign that says, mosquito control done here but take the label. Do what OSHA does with label, warning labels. I'm a safety label designer. I've I designed thousands of safety. You have the sign warning. What it can do to you if you ignore the warning and what to do to prevent it. Or what you can do is allow nuisance mosquito control only when you request the application such as an event like July 4th and it has a 3 to 6 day life anyway. The MMCD has notified park boards to ask them when and if they want adulticiding but if you have to have it, right now the MMCD calls Scott Harr in Public Safety but I think they and Public Safety should in turn call concerned citizens to notify when, at least a week in advance so we can make plans to avoid an area if we should so choose to do that. Because mosquitoes are so bad in Chanhassen Estates Park, I know parents I won't take their kids to games before dusk. It's next to Rice Marsh Lake wetland which are heavily treated by the MMCD, and some of my neighbors are so intolerant of mosquitoes, they won't go in the woods after June 1st. Private property owners like myself and 13 of my neighbors, like I said, I opted out of the nuisance control program and we report to you that it doesn't make any difference in the number of bites or annoyance. It's the same with or without the chemicals so if you're going to have mosquitoes, I 1 Park and Rec Commission Meeting June 23, 1992 - Page 43 do it without the chemicals and not create a P ublic health threat. Now everyone has their own tolerance threshhold for mosquito bites but does the 1 fact that nuisance mosquitoes are plentiful in Chanhassen and it's parks mean that Metro Mosquito Control isn't working? That's right. They can't kill enough to make a difference and annoyance can't be reduced to the ' unrealistic tolerance goal which has been publicly announced at 2 bites in 5 minutes which the MMCD set. They can't do that without devastating cost to our pocketbooks and the environment. Now that's the opinion that ' worried scientists and latent citizens environment groups concerned about mosquito control. They also might, the MMCD might brag about how many thousand of sites they treated and mosquitoes they killed but there are thousands more they can't treat because they're in thousand of standing ' water puddles, rain gutters, children's pools and litter containers. Eliminating potential breeding sites like these are cost effective prevention. We should be encouraged as other mosquito control districts around the country do, to do these simple things to prevent mosquito breeding by the MMCD in their press releases, but we are not. Chicago has a publication that they hand out in the parks that says just the things that I said. This is what you can do to prevent mosquitoes and they found that 50% of mosquitoes, nuisance mosquitoes come from people's own backyards and it's a very cost effective program because you almost do nothing to empty water out of a container or clean your gutter out. Our State legislative auditor reported that the Director of the MMCD receives one -third royalties on the metheprine chemical formulas because he co- invented them with our tax money. This potential conflict of interest effects trying alternatives which are not financially self serving for it's director. Scientists agree that mosquito numbers are controlled by the weather, not periodic chemical control. Peak rain years always have sent out mosquitoes at high levels inspite of 32 years of chemical warfare. I'm going to show you a chart which is out of the Mosquito Control District's annual report for 1990 and it shows from 1960 to 1990 these peaks or wet years. This pink line here, connects the peaks and you can see that the ' level of mosquitoes hasn't changed in 30 years. They're talking about an eradication program. Not even close. ' Schroers: Eric, I think that we've receiving your signal here. Are you getting pretty close to completion with your presentation? Eric Rivkin: Yeah, I'm on my last page. That's it. So what action can we do to control mosquitoes that will be most environmentally safe and cost effective? There's three areas. There's prevention, natural controls and personal avoidance. These come from...Massachussets and South Cook County Mosquito Abatement District publications. Under prevention, standing water in people's own back puddles, driveways, gutters, swamps, pools, litter containers, things you can clean up. KSTP News reported the other night that mosquitoes love to breed in these puddles found everywhere so why not require proper drainage for our city engineers and the site management. Construction site management on our building permits. And public right -of- ways, we can do that in drainage ditches for our streets. Keep children's pools clean and so forth. This is a wild one. Don't provide so many blood meals for mosquitoes which come mainly from wild...Scout troops could have fun building bird houses for our parks. Materials donated by local businesses and citizens and that's been done in many communities already. My neighbors and I are doing it. After we clean out the Mosquito Control 1 Park and Rec Commission Meeting June 23, 1992 - Page 44 chemicals from our watershed as I said, we got a return of wildlife. You can stock small ponds with fish that eat mosquito larvae and build nesting , sites for ducks because they eat mosquito larvae like mallards and wood ducks. Eliminate lawn chemicals so that salamanders, frogs and song birds can thrive better to eat both larval and adult mosquitoes in our wetland which tend to accumulate toxic runoff. Landscape to eliminate harborage II and circulate breezes. Personal avoidance. There's safer chemicals that don't have DEET in it like Safe and Free and Bug Off which are available at local food co -ops. Lakewinds. There's a new plant called a citroca plant that's designed to repell mosquitoes. These are all simple and cost effective and alternatives that will, to chemicals that will not save us from nuisance mosquitoes. So I urge you to ban all mosquito controls from Chanhassen Parks and urge you to recommend to the City Council to also ball them from other city park property. One note about the lawn chemicals. Remember that it is now proven that Hodgeskin Lephoma Cancer in humans and other cancers in dogs are linked to 24D common in these lawn pesticides which is definitely a health threat. If you're interested in adopting the r Minneapolis' environmental policy, perhaps look at it. Learn from it. Contact Al Singer who wrote the policy and had it approved.' Thank you verl much. Schroers: Thank you. That is an awful lot of information. 2 hours. My inclination is, at this point to put this as an item on a future agenda that we can discuss at a later date. Right now we've addressed 2 items onll the agenda and there's 11 so we're looking at quite an evening here. Harold Trende: Mr. Chairman, members of the Commission, I can guarantee II you I'm going to bore you with a very long speech here this evening. My name is Harold Trende. I've served on the County Board for the past 16 years. For the past 6 years, I've been Carver County's representative of II the Mosquito Control Board which is comprised of 17 County Commissioners from the metropolitan area. Through the 6 years that I've served on the Board, a great majority of the calls for mosquito control, for additional II mosquito control dealing with functions, Carver County Fair, your local church dinner here. The requests have come through me and I have forwarded them to the Mosquito Control Commission. Prior to one certain individual' testimony, every city that I have been involved with that has been served by the Mosquito Control District has requested those services time and time again. It kind of tells me that someone must be kind of happy with the services that were performed. As far as environmental concerns are concerned, folks believe me, we all have them. I appreciated the fact that" you made a remark Larry in regards to Round -up. I am also a farmer, or have been all my life. Deal with sprays. Fertilizers. And believe me, II everyone has the same concerns or at least the great majority have and everyone should have as far as environmental effects are concerned. Mosquito Control District has worked many, many years with the ONR, with the EPA and agencies to try to have a product that is safe. I'm sure that if there were any doubt in any of the County Board members that sit on that Board that the materials they were using were toxic or a danger, I'm sure they wouldn't be using them. And as I said, I'm not going to bore you with long speech. I just wanted to leave you people know that as your representative from the County on the Mosquito Control Board, those are the things that I have found. If any of you have any questions, I'd certainly" 1 Park and Rec Commission Meeting June 23, 1992 - Page 45 try to address them. If you don't have, I feel for you with the rest of the agenda that you have remaining this evening. Schroers: Any particular questions for Mr. Trende? Thank you very much. Harold Trende: Thank you for the opportunity to speak to you. Appreciate it. (A majority of the following conversation was taking place out in the audience and was not being picked up very well by the microphone.) Resident: ...are your credentials somewhere on record for accurate ' interpretation of the information that you provided? Are you a chemical engineer? I found your information very interesting. I was just wondering how, where your training came from... Eric Rivkin: I simply take an interest in it because my own house is effected directly by mosquito pesticides and... On a larger scale, the information that I have found... 11 Resident: How long have you lived in Chanhassen? ' Eric Rivkin: 5 years. Resident: But you feel then that you are now qualified to absolutely interpret the information that you're researching and sharing that with the Board? Eric Rivkin: I'm just providing a generalization. If you want specific ' information, I can provide...or you can call any references... Resident: I was trying to get your qualifications. Andrews: I have a question for you Todd. It says here that the granting of permission shall be invalid regarding the use of the park. Do we need to take action on this now in order to be set for 4th of July? • Hoffman: In that regard I was speaking to the loading of the helicopter in Lake an Park which came as a surprise to me in a meeting this spring with the representative of the MMCD. The other issues of granting permission to spray cold fogging or adulticides, you can certainly address that this evening or you can put a temporary halt on that control until such time you wish to review it further. Koubsky: ...helicopters, is that a solid or a liquid? Hoffman: I believe it's solid. It's granular. Ross Green: We haven't loaded the helicopter here this year. After our discussion with Todd and his checking with a few people early this spring, we have not...helicopter at that point. One of the reasons... Lash: Where are you loading it now? 1 Park and Rec Commission Meeting June 23, 1992 - Page 46 1 { MMCD: I just used it once this year and I loaded it at McKnight Park in Jonathan... Ross Green: ...the helicopter is much more personal in it's application and it's easier to load... It's been at Lake Ann Park which is very convenient and we steered clear of any boats that are around or anything J1 like that when we've loaded it. Make sure that there's no materials... W have not since talking to Todd. Resident: Were you asked by the Mosquito Control District to come here tonight? Resident: No... Resident: We heard it was going to be on the agenda tonight and we did hear from Mosquito Control but... There wasn't any notification that I'm I aware of from the City... Lash: It was in the paper. The agenda. The Villager. Richard Wing: ...represent Chanhassen. Where does this mosquito...? What area do you... Resident: We've lived in Chanhassen 14 years. 8 years out by the MIS middle school near the water tower. And in a heavily wooded area and we've been very active with the school... My wife is very active with the school. Girl Scout troops. Boy Scout troops. Trying to police the area.' Pick up trash...empty out tires...cooperation from Shorewood... Residents there to clean up their tires and... (There was conversation going back and forth between the audience.) Schroers: Excuse me. I'd like to interject here. All this information i very valuable and we appreciate it but we are going to have to take this u at a later point in time. We thank you very much for coming and addressing this issue. Resident: Will we be notified? Schroers: Yes. There should be a sign up sheet where you can leave your name and address and will be contacted when this item will come up again o the agenda. Thank you. 1 APPROVAL OF MINUTES: Koubsky: I have one correction. April 28th, page 18. Third paragraph ' down. I did not say that. Hoffman: X it out. Take out the whole Lhing. ' Koubsky: Just put whoever said that in there. I think it was Fred. Since Fred's not here. No, I didn't say that. 1 .Park and Rec Commission Meeting June 23, 1992 - Page 47 I/ Schroers: Any other corrections? Lash moved, Koubsky seconded to approve the Minutes of the Park and Recreation Commission meetings dated April 14, 1992 and May 19, 1992 as presented and the Minutes from April 28, 1992 as amended on page 18 by Dave Koubsky changing the third paragraph to Fred Berg. All voted in favor and ' the motion carried. APPROVAL OF TREE BOARD MINUTES. ' Lash moved, Erickson seconded to approve the Minutes of the Tree Board meeting dated April 28, 1992 as presented. All voted in favor except Schroers and Pemrick who abstained. The motion carried. DISTRIBUTION OF PARK INVENTORY. REVISED APRIL, 1992. Hoffman: Just to clarify an item for you. Do you want me to bring that back to the Commission again in July? Presumably we're going to get all these lobbyist back in here again and how would you_ like to orchestrate ' that? Koubsky: Do we want a special meeting? Hoffman: I don't necessarily think we need to take commentary. I think we just have the Commission, you need to digest the information. Take the additional information we received tonight and make a motion. Andrews: I would like to comment, if we have the two diverse sides, that we limit time. Lash: I can't imagine they would have much more to add. Erickson: I can't imagine that there's that much more that we are qualified to digest and make decisions on. I mean other than. Koubsky: We have to make a decision. Erickson: I mean make a decision but how much more information can we take in. I mean scientific information from a group of 15 scientists, workers and one well read, very passionate man. How much more information do we need? Hoffman: And again, we are simply a recommending board. We will be making a recommendation to the City Council whether or not to ban adulticides from our city parks. Lash: Do•you have anything to add? Worthwhile. Hoffman: To this program? I know the incident at Lake Ann was severe and I was surprised to hear their comments this evening that they always follow ' the label and they even go beyond that and go to 150 feet. The entire harborage at Lake Ann is within 150 feet of the lake so they were, I've been enlighten greatly in the operations of the MMCD over the past few 1 years. They simply operated there without telling anybody. We had no idea Park and Rec Commission Meeting June 23, 1992 - Page 48 { they were there. If you weren't informed of their activities, you just ha no idea what was going on. Lash: So who's in charge of that? Isn't there someone at the City level 1 who contracts it or supervises it? Hoffman: No. By their legislative action. 1 Schroers: They get funds from the State and they just go out and do their. thing. They don't answer to anybody. They're a separate, independent 1 government agency and they can just. Lash: But if we decided we didn't want to have it anymore, there would bell an impact on our taxes correct? I mean the money comes from our taxes. Koubsky: $92,000.00 in Eastern Carver County. Lash: But it just seems like. Erickson: If we get them out of Chanhassen's parks, Chanhassen doesn't just get it's money back. Hoffman: No. You'd have to opt out of the district as some of these othell communities are looking to. If you opt out of the district. Erickson: Eastern Carver County would have to get out right or Carver County would have to get out? 1 Hoffman: Something to that degree, yes. Andrews: Let's put that one on next month. 1 Koubsky: Just one note. There wasn't 15 scientists. There was a doctor. 1 Pemrick: Yeah, Doctor of what? We don't know what the. Hoffman: Ross Green said it would be him and one other person so•obviouslil they brought up their lobbyists. Schroers: This could again, on a future issue, turn into the same kind of thing. I think that, I wish that we could do this on our own without, just between the Board and the staff and just address this issue without having to make it public. I think that since we have already had it open and hal consumed all this information, at this point I would just like to discuss it among our own commission and staff and make the recommendation. Andrews: I guess I want to knbw, what are we being asked to decide? Are ji we being asked to decide are chemicals safe? I mean we're not qualified t do that. Lash: We're being asked to decide if we think the benefits of the proposes, mosquito control outweighs a perceived fear of. 1 1 Park and Rec Commission Meeting June 23, 1992 - Page 49 Andrews: I don't think I'm capable of understanding that based on my - understanding of chemicals and their effectiveness. Koubsky: I think those are issues that need to be discussed. Schroers: I think what we're supposed to decide is what we think is best ' for the citizens of Chanhassen who come to use our parks. Andrews: Unfortunately, if that's what we're supposed to do, then I think that we're going to have the same discussion group here again and I think ' we should. I don't think we should make a decision. If I have a question about a chemical or a practice, you've got to have somebody here to answer the question. I would say that if you invite the district back, then we have to invite Mr. Rivkin back as well. Lash: Could we have a, schedule a work session and record our questions ' and then contact MMCD or whatever they're called. Get answers to the questions or whatever and then, possibly then have it on a future agenda or something. Maybe we do need to have time. I know I need time to digest some of this. And I think we all need to take some time to get back to people that we know and ask them how they feel. Maybe there's a lot of people out there who have this concern. Maybe they think any chemical exposure is worth the benefit of controlling mosquitoes. I have no idea how people feel. I've never really. Schroers: I think that there are people that feel that lots of mosquitoes aren't worth jeopardizing the environment and people's safety with chemicals. I mean I personally, my own personal feeling is that I don't think there is such a thing as a safe chemical. When it says toxic on it, you know even if you go by all the proper safety procedures and all that sort of thing, it's potent and toxic enough to kill whatever form of life. Whether it's animal life or plant life or whatever. If it's toxic enough to kill something specifically, it's harmful and I don't think anybody has ' all the answers and the chemical companies themselves are putting out how safe it is to use. That's like the oil companies with the gasoline. They're not going to tell you that there are better solutions than fossil fuels because they're making money off of it and the chemical companies are ' just the same. Andrews: If you read that label, it doesn't say where it's safe there any ' place. It says none side effects. Schroers: Warning. Hazard. ' Andrews: Agent Orange was safe in 1965 and DDT was safe in the 1950's. Hoffman: I just simply needed to clarify how you wanted to present this on the next agenda? Lash: We still don't know. What do we want to do? ' Andrews: If we're going to have a work group, I'd like to have that put out as a motion and voted on. If that's what we're going to do. I want to have a chance to say that I'm opposed to having a work group. I think we Park and Rec Commission Meeting ' June 23, 1992 - Page 50 need an open discussion so if we have questions that need follow -up. I don't see myself coming up with a list of questions that I may, there may be a follow -up question. A comment that I just feel that we need the experts here to decide. Schroers: I don't know that we're making a real major decision for anyone I think all we can address is the issues as are related to the parks. And do we want the adulticides sprayed in the parks knowing that that is reall pretty toxic? Pretty harmful. Do we want the helicopter loaded or unloaded with large amounts of chemicals in our park? That sort of thing. II Lash: Larry, you're injecting in there, knowing that they're toxic. Now if you listen to the first presentation, they're making it sound like it's" no problem. They are not toxic. They are not a problem. 5chroers: Wrong. When you read the label, it says toxic right on the label. Lash: But that's where we're trying to decide if we're qualified to decide that. ' Andrews: I move that we re -open this as an agenda item. I think it would have to be August because I'd need to read the Minutes in July in order to ' figure out what the heck we talked about tonight. Open agenda item as we did tonight. Erickson: And the basic question we have to answer is whether we're going ' to allow the use of adulticides and the briquettes in Chanhassen parks? Hoffman: Correct. ' Erickson: Just that simple. Pemrick: Dealing with the parks. ' Hoffman: If we put it off until August, season's over. They've be done with their activities. ' Andrews: Either that or we go to two meetings in July which could be possible. ' Lash: Is it something that, and I don't even know that I would want to do this. Is it something that we would want in the paper and ask people if they have feelings to contact the Park and Rec Department. ' Erickson: We could rent an auditorium someplace. Lash: Maybe there's a lot of people out there with strong feelings that II think they're the only one in town who has strong feelings about it and if nobody calls, then we know nobody has any strong feelings. Koubsky: I guess I think we need, although you made a motion. Andrews: It died for a lack of second. Nobody seconded it. ' .Park and Rec Commission Meeting June 23, 1992 - Page 51 ' Koubsky: I think we need a work group. It looks like, I don't know, what other committees or commissions are looking at this? Are there? We're going to make a recommendation to the City Council. Hoffman: Correct. And they're going to make a recommendation or make a motion or take action in the same type of situation that you. They're not ' experts either but they're going to listen to the arguments and they're going to make a determination whether or not they want to agree with your recommendation. 1 Schroers: We almost need a work group to see how we want to handle this. I mean it's getting to be that. I think there was so much information and on both sides it was presented well and it's just really a lot to consume all at one time and it's a little bit overwhelming. I think we can break it down and make it simple but I also think that if we put it on another agenda item just like this as Jim suggested, that we're going to have an ' instant replay. We're going to have the same thing back all over again and we're going to be sitting here another time at 10:00 -11:00 at night wondering what the heck to do about it. 1 Koubsky: Yeah, we didn't get a chance to discuss this between ourselves. We heard a lot. 1 Schroers: No. That's why I think we need a work session amongst ourselves. ' Lash: If we have a work session, from that we could then put it on a future agenda which then would be open to the public like Jim wants. This would just be a step before that. I think for us to collect our own thoughts. Schroers: Or we can do it now. If you know how you feel. I mean I know how I feel about it. Pemrick: I know how I feel. ' Koubsky: I guess I feel, I don't think chemicals are the answer either Larry. I didn't when I came in and I don't now. There's a thing, this chemical may not kill you but we live in a chemical world. We were sprayed ' with chemicals when we were kids. We've all put Off, we've all put Deet. There's an accumulative effect and I don't think we need to. Andrews: Put up a motion. If it flies. Lash: No, I don't think we can do that. We closed it. 1 Andrews: He can. Lash: But we closed it to the public now,and now they're gone and now we're still discussing it and for us to make a motion, we made a motion to table it to a future meeting. Schroers: No, we didn't make any motion. We didn't take any official action on this at all and we make all kinds -of recommendations on evenings 1 Park and Rec Commission Meeting June 23, 1992 - Page 52 • when the eneral public is not here. of indicated we're 9 P We've kind o Indic ted that we re going to be taking this up again. Lash: Yeah, but these people came here intentionally for this issue and now all of a sudden after. Andrews: ...even amount of presentation. I feel that if we have a motionll here that will fly, let's go with it. Get it behind us. Koubsky: I would move that we ban adulticides from the parks and we reconsider the use of briquettes in the parks if they're currently being used in the parks and I would move that the City also rethink the use of mosquito control in the city. Schroers: And I would add to that the Mosquito Control notifies the City each and every time that they come to do any kind of mosquito control activity and make us aware of their presence. What it is that they're doing and for the nuisance control, require them that 150% of the label warning. Just stay at least that far away from the water. Andrews: We're banning adulticides here. What else are we doing? Requiring that they advise us of anything else they're going to do. Is that it? , Schroers: Well, that's not really it. We're still kind of discussing. Andrews: Well it's in the form of a motion right now. I want to know what' we're moving here so I know what we're voting on. Lash: And I want to know how this effects the treatment for the encephalitis whatever. Andrews: I would appreciate this motion being broken into little pieces. I think it'd make it a lot easier for us to digest. Koubsky: Sould we jot them down as a group? Andrews: Just shoot them out one at a time. Lash: Why don't we shoot it out first but not say it's a motion and then once we get it kind of put together. Koubsky: Okay, Dave would move to ban adulticides in city parks. ' Andrews: I'll second that motion. We can have a whole string of them here just to get it done here. Schroers: Do you want to actually move on that? Andrews: We can move that we don't, tell them we don't want the helicopter" there. Schroers: Alright, the motion is to. Park and Rec Commission Meeting June 23, 1992 - Page 53 1 Koubsky: Ban adulticides use in city parks. Schroers: Is there a second? Andrews: I will second that. ' Koubsky moved, Andrews seconded that the Park and Recreation Commission recommend to ban adulticides use from all Chanhassen City Parks. All voted in favor except Erickson who opposed and the motion carried. Lash: Can I make a suggestion on a possible amendment. Can we have this ' be for a one year trial period and then be reviewed in a year? Schroers: We could but do you really think we're going to know anything? ' Lash: I'd like to see, I think what we need to do is see what kind of a difference it makes. If it makes any difference or not. Andrews: Okay, why don't you just move that we reconsider in one year. Lash: Okay. I'll do that. ' Andrews: I guess I would suggest, why don't we go through the list of what we're going to do here and then perhaps as a final motion reconsider all of those next year. That might be an effective thing to do. By banning ' adulticides, have we eliminated any control of the disease carrying killers? The encephalitis mosquitoes. (There was a tape change at this point in the discussion.) Schroers: ...I think we would want to continue with that program. The nuisance program provided that we use that 150% on that buffer zone and that the proper authority, and I'm not sure who that would be Todd but that someone is contacted and that somebody knows of the activities that are going on. Someone who can officially represent the city. I mean I just think that the City has the right to know when anyone is coming in and on a public or a citywide basis, applying any kind of chemical. ' Lash: Someone responsible like Todd? Andrews: He's the Park and Rec Coordinator, yeah. ' Schroers: Park and Rec. We can only deal with the issues that pertain to parks. So if you're willing to accept that responsibility, I would like to know. I mean I just wouldn't like to find out after the fact that oh a month ago, yeah. Andrews: I would move that we require any mosquito control efforts that ' directly involve parks. To require pre - notification to the Park and Rec Coordinator not less than one week in advance of any treatment. Planned treatment. 1 Schroers: Is there a second? Park and Rec Commission Meeting - II June 23, 1992 - Page 54 Koubsky: I'll second. II Andrews moved, Koubsky seconded that the Park and Recreation Commission II recommend to require any mosquito control efforts that directly involve parks notify the Park and Rec Coordinator not less than one week in advance of any planned treatment. All voted in favor except Erickson who opposed and the motion carried. II Lash: I'd like in there a motion that we continue the insect carrying control program. Make sure that's. 1 Koubsky: Or could we identify what the disease? Lash: Yeah, that's what I meant to say. 1 Schroers: Encephalitis. Koubsky: What the approach is? I Lash: I don't know what it is. II 5chroers: You know that's something that I'm wondering about. I mean it's hard to know if all the figures, facts and figures are correct and accurat but if we had like 7 cases in the last, how many years or whatever. In th last 10 years. 7 cases in the last 10 years and divide that by the amount of dollars, I hope that if I get sick, somebody spends that much on me. Lash: Me too. I took great offense to that comment. II Schroers: Geez, that is unreal. 1 Lash: One child getting encephalitis is not worth. I mean it's worth any amount. j Resident: Can I ask a question? When we left here we were going to have JI chance to refute what it is that was said and what you considered and be carried on at another time. Was that what I heard? 1 Schroers: That was what we talked about but it was not an official motion. We are kind of discussing and trying to sort out for ourselves for what we want to do in the city parks. And we're just passing our recommendation o r� to City Council. L, Resident: I guess my question is that what Mr. Rivkin had to say and what we had to say...and a chance to talk about that and I know it's a late hou but the decision to ban...ban adulticides in the parks in Chanhassen, I'm wondering whether you had an opportunity to address those assertions... 1 3, Resident: There were a number of inaccurancies that we'd like the opportunity to... Schroers: You know to be perfectly honest with you, we discussed that and II that's why we decided to go on with this because we feel what's going to happen next time is an exact repetition of what happened this time and 1 1 'Park and Rec Commission Meeting June 23, 1992 - Page 55 11 we're going to be sitting here again some night at 11:00 and 12:00 still not knowing what to do. Exactly. I mean we're getting all this U information. None of us here are chemical experts or biologists or trained environmentalists or you know. We're in kind of a spot here as far as what to do. We need to take the best interest of the city to heart. The people ' who are using the parks and the only logical thing we can do is go with what's safe you know. We don't know how dangerous the chemicals are and what the long lasting, reaching effects are and it's like better safe than sorry. 1 1 Resident: I'm not sure...Department of Health has just finished a written assessment on...and it's currently under internal review. It''s completed and they're just going over it before it comes out, that... I think that that's where we can get more of an impartial view of the whole thing rather than listening to sides and... Pemrick: I think that's why we said we'd give it a year and then re- evaluate again. That will give time for that review to be completed and then we can review that. Schroers: See what we're opting to do is to not use parks as a program but continue using other parts of the program and see if we can tell any kind ' of difference. If comments from people who use the park, if they can tell any kind of difference. I mean it seems if we're applying these chemicals to the parks one year and then we don't apply them the next year, and nobody notices a difference, then what would be the advantage of using them? I realize that there's a lot of other environmental issues. How much rain we have and so on that's going to effect the mosquito population as well but we're going to have to figure out something to do about this ' and if we bring it up another time on another agenda, we're going to be sitting here in the same situation as we are right now. I mean the additional information that we're going to received, we're not going to be ' any more qualified to assess than the information we received tonight. Hoffman: Chairman Schroers, Commissioners, as an alternative I might suggest that if this issue needs readdressing again, it was I believe, the ' intentions of the Commission with the people who left there this evening, that this would be discussed at another meeting. That we put an interim, temporary ban on adulticides within the city's parks pending a review, a 111 second review by the Commission. Then you limit the testimony on anybody's part at the July meeting. Make a recommendation to the City Council and we'll pass it up to them in 2 weeks. Lash: I like that. I am interested though, and I'm not trying to put you on the spot at all Randy but I know that you were opposed to the motions and I'm really interested in your feelings. ' Erickson: Really just because I think it's a lot of the discussion is way out of our league and the step we're taking is relatively drastic. Not ' drastic to our everyday lives but relatively we say no more adulticides basically because we're not sure about everything. We're not sure about a lot of things in life. We can't just say, well let's dump them. This discussion is probably going to have to go on in front of the City Council ' again? Park and Rec Commission Meeting II June 23, 1992 - Page 56 f II Hoffman: Yes. Erickson: I mean basically the same discussion. I mean wouldn't it Todd?" We'll give them our recommendation and then it will come on the agenda and more than likely, similar groups would probably show up again. Hoffman: Sure, depending on how they would like to address it. II Erickson: And we're not really a scientific body. Certainly the City Council takes our recommendation very seriously and stuff but I think we'ril kind of jumping on this. Our gut feelings like Larry and all of us with the news headlines the way they always are and the current environmental II trends, chemicals are bad. Let's get away from chemicals. I don't like pesticides. I don't like herbicides, you know fertilizers and things. The gut instinct is let's throw this stuff out. Let's get rid of all of it. mean the gentleman who was here was very passionate and done a lot of research was also mentioning fertilizers. He wants to get rid of fertilizers. Well I put fertilizers on my lawn all the time. Not a ton. I try to use them very responsibly but they're toxic. They're bad. I try ' to use them the way they're labeled and responsible. Maybe this gentleman will be back next year and say let's get rid of lawn fertilizers. Are we qualified to get rid of lawn fertilizers? I mean this is something that's just so far out of our league, I just don't think our first step should be ' let's get rid of them. Maybe other workshops where we can get together with our feelings and some facts and spend some more time maybe but I don' think our first step should be to throw these things out. I think Todd's got a good suggestion. Maybe for now to address these concerns, have a temporary ban. Was it a health department study that's coming out? Resident: There was a Risk Assessment. II Erickson: Risk Assessment. I'm in the medical field. I'm in the II pharmaceutical business and you have to take opinion leaders words for things because they're the ones who put in the time and have the education and the background. Maybe this will shed a lot of light on it for us and our concerns. We're all concerned about chemicals being sprayed around us!' As a matter of fact, if I was in the park playing frisbee with my kids and the ATV comes by spraying fog, I think I'd high tail it. I mean I just wouldn't hang around for it. That's just common sense. But I think makinll a drastic jump. Throwing them out for a year so that next year we can hopefully be more enlighten. I don't know how much more enlighten I'm going to be in a year about things I can't. Schroers: I don't either. That's just the whole issue. That's what make it so hard to decide. I mean this can be one of those wheels that just continuously goes on and on. 1 Erickson: I think what we need to do is "get together another time. Specify more exact general questions that we need to know. I think the II health department study will be real helpful for us. Lash: When is that supposed to be complete? Park and Rec Commission Meeting 1 June 23, 1992 - Page 57 6.Resident: It is completed. It's in internal review in the health department. Lash: But when is that supposed to be finished then? ' Erickson: Knowing any kind of review board, it could be forever. 7 Resident: They actually, I was surprised. They got through it pretty quick. I was surprised that it was done as far as it is. ' Erickson: But this was overwhelming information for me and I hate to see, I don't know if this is the right cliche but throwing the baby out with the bath water. I mean we all despise chemicals and abuse and people getting sick from it and being hyper sensitive to them but. 1 Pemrick: That's why I think we should be stopping everything until we do know. ' Schroers: That's kind of the approach I was taking too. It's better safe than sorry until we know what we're doing. What we shouldn't go ahead with something when we're not sure. When we're not convinced actually what is the final results and what all the hazards, what all the risks are. I don't feel qualified to make the decision for the rest of the people in the city that we should be participating in that type of activity. I mean I'm not personally convinced that it's okay. Pemrick: When other cities have banned it, there's a reason. They've thought these things through I would think. That's something that we should be thinking about. Erickson: Well the other people that besides ourselves that look out for the citizens. We look out especially for the Chanhassen citizens, are the legislatures that put these departments in and oversee them and fund them. I'm sure they address these concerns. Are you in front of Senate panels and things like that every once in a while? 4 f, Resident: Yeah, quite a bit actually. All the bills that this originally referred to, none of them passed the way they were, none of them passed or ' went through committee the way that they were initially put out. The one that did partially get through, actually the...was very, very far away from what it was originally introduced at. That gives you an indication of what ' the legislative thinking is on these things. Sure they were introduced but none of them went anywhere. And I guess one recommendation that I would make for you to help make a decision is to ask Mr. Rivkin to provide some ' of the scientific documentation that he says he has because we've asked for it and never seen it. Koubsky: That's one thing I'd like to make clear too. My feelings haven't changed since I came in the door tonight listening to both groups. I've made a motion or started making motions and have an opinion which may or may not change after I read the health department's study. I just want to make that clear to you folks that you gave your presentation. We heard an opposing presentation. My opinion of the use of chemicals for mosquito control weren't changed here tonight. I've had an opportunity to voice 1 Park and Rec Commission Meeting June 23, 1992 - Page 58 1 them and I am. So I'm always open for new information but my mind hasn't II changed. Schroers: I want to know what really generated this issue on the agenda i the first place? Was it because of the helicopter incident out at Lake Ann? Or did Eric request this? What generated this? Hoffman: It was not a direct request of Mr. Rivkin, although he certainly" appreciated the opportunity to voice his opinion in a public forum. As a result of meetings and letters being forwarded from the MMCD.in the past, representatives of the District dealt with the Public Safety Commission. Scott Harr. More recently they began to deal with myself and the Park and Recreation Department. I believe it is an issue of public concern if spraying for mosquito control is taking place in the public parks. Schroers: It should probably be a public hearing. Hoffman: It certainly could be. 1 Lash: That was kind of my point with the newspaper. Schroers: I mean it really is. If none of us sitting here are qualified 1 experts and it should actually be a public hearing would probably be the most appropriate way to handle that. Lash: But if we have a public hearing, I don't want to go through another 1 thing tonight where it's going to be just these, no offense or anything but just the two sides giving us all the same information. What I want to heall is from John Q. Public who uses the park. Andrews: I think the public hearing will be tonight plus more. Schroers: Oh yeah. We would almost have to schedule a public hearing for that specific event and that's it. Not have it on a meeting night or on a regular agenda. 1 Lash: But I don't want to hear repetitous. Andrews: You'd have to have a timer. Say you've got 5 minutes. Make your, point and you're done. Or 3 minutes or whatever it's going to be. Hoffman: However you wouldn't but the public who was here would certainly 1 need to hear that information. 4. Resident: I have just another question. I just found out about this I meeting here a few days ago when I talked with Todd. He called my office and asked me what the status of the mosquito control was in Chanhassen for the parks and I informed him what it was.' What we've been doing and we discussed this...business as usual in Chanhassen or...and he said, he basically told me that it's, for now that's what it is. He told me... Schroers: Well the information that we received tonight was helpful in explaining what it's all about and what the objectives are and the current statistic information and all that but for us to decide what's the right 1 Park and Rec Commission Meeting 11 June 23, 1992 - Page 59 thing to do for the people who come out to use our parks is a pretty tough call for us because we don't really have all the scientific data and what do you do in that situation? Do you say well, probably no one has died so far. Let's just go on with things. Or do we want to take the safe ' approach and say, maybe we should cut back and be cautious and be safe rather than sorry and find out some of this information before. r 15 . Resident: We're another government agency serving the public and there's a lot to digest. As you pointed out there's a lot of information to go through and are you able and willing to go through that information to make a decision is a tough call. There's absolutely no question in my mind about that. Koubsky: I would appreciate any specific chemical information you can give ' me about what you apply. I do have access to some chemical engineers at work and it's something that those guys are a mystery to me but they're very good and I would like to run past what it is we're applying. I don't ' need newspaper articles. Something even more complicated, you know safety data sheets are very generic. Something very•specific. What is it? Lash: Okay, can I make a motion that we advertise this in the paper and ' call a public hearing for resident input before we make any final decision and what was the other part to that? Do we want it in July already? MI Hoffman: No. Public hearing, we cannot hold a public hearing per se. We can hold an open forum. City Council is the only body in the city that can hold a public hearing. Koubsky: We can also move in our recommendation that the City Council hold a public hearing or that we feel. 1 Schroers: I was thinking that same thing too. Lash: Maybe it needs to go through us but when we send on our recommendation to them, ultimately we can have in there that we recommend that they hold a public hearing. Hoffman: Okay. 1 Schroers: That sounds a lot like passing the buck. But the program is not just for the parks. That's the only issue that we can deal with but the 1 program is for. Andrews: The concern is really city wide. 1 Schroers: Yeah, it's city wide so we only deal with one portion of the city. One aspect of the city. ' Andrews: Can you read the motion back? Hoffman: Motion to postpone this meeting until the July meeting. Lash: Have public notification in the paper and have an open forum. . 1 Park and Rec Commission Meeting June 23, 1992 - Page 60 Hoffman: For continuation of discussion. Schroers: That's probably the best we can do from our position. Andrews: You know what? I don't think that's going to help me at all because I think what I'm going to end up thinking to myself is, let's pump II this up to the City Council and let them decide what to do with it. Schroers: You almost have to keep a score card. You know how many people 1 come up and are in favor of it and how many people come up and are not in favor of it and then move or make a motion or recommendation to the City Council for the majority of the input. Andrews: Okay, I'll second it. I surrender. Schroers: Okay, so. ' Lash: The thing is, that's what we're for. We're the buffer before City Council so hopefully when it goes to City Council, they won't have to go through as much as what we've had to go through. Hoffman: Most likely in this type of, on this type of issue they will. Schroers: ..they will. There will be a lot of lobbying on both sides at the Council level. Hoffman: I would presume so. Andrews: Should we call the question? Are we spinning wheels? ' Schroers: Pretty much. Lash: That's alright. We can go through the motion. We're doing our job. Andrews: I'm asking for you to call the question. Schroers: Okay. Did you write down that motion Todd? Hoffman: Yes. ' Schroers: Would you read it back please? Hoffman: Chairman Lash moved to table this issue until the July meeting A make public notification in the paper as to that open forum meeting and what was the last deal Jan? That was it. Lash: That was it. And I mean if it's possible, to get something more than just our agenda. Hoffman: Correct. Send public notification. Schroers: Alright. Is there a second? Andrews: I already seconded it. Park and Rec Commission Meeting June 23, 1992 - Page 61 If Lash moved, Andrews seconded to table the decision on the mosquito control in the city parks until the July meeting and to put notification in the newspaper that the Park and Recreation Commission will be holding an open forum discussion on this matter. All voted in favor and the motion carried. Schroers: That's what we came up with for your information. Lash: So are we striking the earlier motions? ' Andrews: That have to be done by motion. Hoffman: Rescinded. Lash: Okay. So I make a motion that we rescind the earlier, however many ' there was there until. Schroers: Until after the forum. Koubsky: I would like though that notification be made to the City of any. Andrews: That was a separate motion. Let's leave that one sit. ' Koubsky: I would appreciate if we were notified before before we get treated. ' I Resident: Through Todd? Lash: Through Todd. 1 a. Resident: No problem. We discussed that earlier. Lash: And I also think that we need to have the posting. Andrews: That's a given too I believe. t Andrews: I would like to move that we rescind the ban of adulticides until it's reconsidered at a future meeting. Rescind the ban. 1 Schroers: I will second that. Andrews moved, Schroers seconded to rescind the previous motion to ban ' adulticides in the city parks until it's reconsidered at a future meeting. All voted in favor except Koubsky and Pemrick who opposed and the motion carried. Andrews: What can we table? I've got to get out of here. Hoffman: Item number 5. I would recommend that the Commission table. Andrews: I move that we table item 5. Erickson: Second.