Chapter 04 Natural ResourcesCity of Chanhassen 2040 Comprehensive Plan68
Chapter 4NaturalResources
City of Chanhassen 2040 Comprehensive Plan69
4 | Natural Resources
At a Glance
»140 acres are currently managed for invasive species such as buckthorn, wild parsnip, garlic mustard and black locust.
»The Chanhassen tree inventory has compiled over 6,000 open grown, individual trees on public property.
»A single mature tree can retain as much as the first two to four inches of rainfall.
»Home values can increase by as much as 12 percent if there are mature, healthy trees on the property.
»There are 504 public trees along West 78th Street from downtown to west of Hwy 41.
»Chanhassen has 50 different species of trees planted along its streets and in its parks.
»Much of the soil within Chanhassen are loams and clay loams which have high water-holding capacity.
»The emerald ash borer threatens 25 percent of the city’s public trees.
Natural resources in the City of Chanhassen serve many purposes. They offer recreation on lakes, trails and
parks, respite from busy lives, and remediation of development consequences. Collectively, the woods, wetlands,
streams, rivers and prairies contribute to a high quality of life for Chanhassen residents and visitors. The City of
Chanhassen recognizes this important value and works to protect and enhance these natural features for the benefit
of all. This chapter of the Comprehensive Plan outlines accomplishments, challenges and future goals for the city’s
natural resources. In conjunction with ongoing development, the city has continued to make preservation of natural
resources a priority. While directly improving the quality of life for Chanhassen residents, the city’s natural
resources also indirectly enhance this community by offering environmental benefits. Collectively, ‘green
infrastructure’ such as trees, wetlands and open space provides significant economic value by offering stormwater
management, heat island reduction, erosion control, carbon sequestration, energy savings and increased property
values. Protecting and enhancing the city’s green infrastructure is an investment in the community’s well-being as
well as its future sustainability.
4.1 | Introduction
As time goes on and communities grow and change, so too do their goals and challenges. For natural resources in
Chanhassen, the emphasis has shifted to resiliency and sustainability from acquisition and documentation. While
there are still open spaces that could become public amenities, management of the existing public lands has taken
center stage and requires not only current responses but also long term planning. As the few remaining large piec-
es of private property are developed, the tapestry and function of the city’s natural resources becomes solidified.
Management and protection strategies are being revised to reflect the need for high-functioning natural resources
that not only provide aesthetics and recreation, but also stormwater management, energy conservation and diversi-
ty. Valuable natural resources must also be functioning resources. Green infrastructure is now a necessary part of a
well-managed community that brings tangible and intangible benefits to every facet of the community. The natural
resources challenges over the next decade encompass a broad spectrum from localized invasive species control to
regional stormwater management. It will take vision and commitment to protect and enhance the natural resources
in Chanhassen. The city’s land use policies should recognize that natural areas and open space are long term uses in
our community. The city’s ordinances should reflect best management practices for trees, water and soil. The city’s
goals and policies should serve to protect and enhance our natural resources.
City of Chanhassen 2040 Comprehensive Plan70
4.2 | Urban Forests and Forestlands
Chanhassen: meaning ‘tree of sweet sap’ in the Dakota language. The Minnesota Land Survey of 1830 document-
ed that Chanhassen was located in the Big Woods, one of three major ecosystems in the state. The Big Woods was
a massive area of forests dominated by sugar maple and basswood trees that stretched from the Minnesota River
northwest to the Red River Valley. The trees were punctuated by wooded wetlands and open marshes around the
many lakes. In time, the rich soil and plentiful timber gave rise to agriculture and development in the area. Much of
Chanhassen, perhaps nearly all, was cleared of forests to create agricultural fields and homesteads. Along bluffs and
in scattered remnants, the remains of the Big Woods existed. Today, pockets of mature woods with sugar maple and
basswood trees allow visitors to envision the historical Big Woods. Ownership of these remnant woods today is a
mix of private and public. Camp Tanadoona and private property to the west of Lake Ann comprise the ownership
of large tracts of high quality woods. Park land belonging to the City of Chanhassen and Carver County encompass
numerous acres of Big Woods and allow community members to be immersed in a wooded environment.
4.2.1 | Chanhassen’s Urban Forest
While no one would consider Chanhassen to be ‘urban’, it does contain an ‘urban forest’ – the many trees that line
our city streets, shade our playgrounds and parks and dot the yards of every neighborhood. These trees make up a
significant portion of the overall tree cover in the city. They provide multiple and important benefits to the health
and economic viability of Chanhassen. Trees increase home values, decrease energy costs, reduce stormwater
runoff, provide clean air, sequester carbon, keep people healthy, provide wildlife habitat and enhance community
aesthetics. These benefits rise along with the percentage of canopy cover in a community. Currently, the city averag-
es about 30 percent tree cover. Optimal tree cover depends on the intersecting aspects of costs, community desires
and services provided by trees. Chanhassen has many opportunities to increase canopy cover throughout the city. At
a minimum, the city should maintain the overall 30 percent cover and strive to increase it in specific areas that fall
short. The city benefits from city ordinances that require tree planting in new developments to assist in replacing lost
canopy. Depending on the type of proposed development, tree preservation or replacement plantings in new con-
struction must meet an overall canopy goal for the site. The percentages of cover range from 28 percent to 68 per-
cent based on the existing conditions of the site and the Comprehensive Plan designation for the site. This ordinance
is intended to maintain a minimum canopy coverage for the community. Other programs by which the city adds new
trees to the community includes the annual tree planting program for Arbor Day and tree coupons given to residents.
Programs such as these work to maintain tree cover, but more can be done.
4.2.2 | Diversity is Key
Planting trees to increase canopy cover must be a well-intentioned and well thought-out process. “The right tree in
the right place” is not only a catchy phrase, but advice that provides a long term return on the investment. Plant-
ing with the intention of seeing that trees grow to maturity and beyond is a cost-effective process that places trees
suited to the specific environment in the right places. There are several considerations to make when selecting trees
and creating planting plans. Along with selections for height and size, the type of tree is also important. Species
diversity will be the key to a sustainable urban forest. At a minimum, the city follows the 30-20-10 rule. No more
than 30 percent of trees from any one family, no more than 20 percent of tree from any one genus and no more than
10 percent from any one species. In other words, no more than 30 percent of trees from the Betulaceae, or birch,
family; no more than 20 percent of trees from the birch genus, and no more than 10 percent of trees should be paper
birch species. A more conservative approach would be to reduce the quantity totals to 20-10-5. A diverse urban for-
est is more resilient to pests and diseases. An analysis of the current public tree inventory revealed that the city has
overplanted ash and maples. Spruce trees are also too common. Future plantings do not include ash trees at all and
have very limited additions of maple trees as well. With the mainstay tree species selection out of the running, new
City of Chanhassen 2040 Comprehensive Plan71
choices need to be added. Climate change is promising to expand the palette of tree selections by opening up lists of
trees previously not cold hardy in Minnesota. These new selections will be necessary to maintain diversity for our
city forest.
4.2.3 | Specifications
Additionally, planting specifications are important to the long term sustainability of the city’s urban forest. If the tree
is planted improperly, then all the time, money and resources are wasted. Planting specifications that are up-to-date
with current research and industry innovations need to be included in all public and private landscaping projects.
Chanhassen’s clay soils are unforgiving when it comes to planting depth. Planted too deep, a tree will struggle to
thrive. Soil compaction exacerbates the problem so in new developments it can often be challenging to maintain a
healthy landscape. Planting specifications included on landscape plans for developments should include the best
practices for planting techniques and soil requirements.
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on public property
City of Chanhassen 2040 Comprehensive Plan72
4.3 | Greenways/Natural Areas
The Bluff Creek Corridor runs diagonally through the city connecting Lake Minnewashta with the Minnesota River.
The entire watershed of Bluff Creek lies within city boundary lines and because of this, the city had the opportunity
to shape the development and protection of the creek. The creation of a green way along the creek has presented
opportunities for valuable development and recreational activities. Trail users benefit greatly from the connected
web of corridors following Bluff Creek and its tributaries. There remain opportunities to connect areas in the water-
shed. These preserved pieces vary in quality but not in value. The city should maintain these greenways and natural
areas for native plant and animal habitats. The city should also set a goal to limit fragmentation of natural areas and
maintain green corridors that connect open space.
City of Chanhassen 2040 Comprehensive Plan73
Areas of Potential Greenways
Lake
Minnewashta
Areas of Potential Greenways
Bluff Creek Corridor
Lakes
City Owned Parks and Property
Tax Parcel
Other Parkland
Minnesota River
²
City of Chanhassen 2040 Comprehensive Plan74
4.4 | Soil
Soil is one of the most important and complicated assets on any site. And yet, soil is treated at times as an easy thing
to manipulate, replace or remove. Construction activities that prepare soil for the addition of a road, house or other
non-living, artificial surfaces do significant damage to this resource. Then sod and trees are placed into these sites
and expected to perform as though the activities never happened. Rarely, does this work out well. Visit most new
neighborhoods and you’ll find struggling young trees and over-watered turf. The city has recognized this negative
result and now requires the replacement of six inches of topsoil on every lot in each new development. With this
quality soil, water retention improves, roots grow better, runoff takes longer and money is saved through reduced
water use and landscape replacement. To gain even better results, soil reconstruction should be done in areas of
heavy compaction. Breaking up the soil and rebuilding it with compost and tree planting will provide optimal ben-
efits to any site. The city should reassess what measures could be taken during development to protect soils from
compaction in the first place and rebuilding it when the protection isn’t enough.
4.5 | Biological Diversity and Invasive Species
The significance of conservation areas to plants and animals cannot be understated. It’s critical for people, too, offer-
ing valuable recreational and quality of life assets. Ideally, the City of Chanhassen should conduct a natural resource
inventory. Currently, the Minnesota County Biological Survey Inventory done in 2000 is the only resources avail-
able to assist in documenting what environmental assets may be present. The city should commit to protecting and
managing any rare species and unique habitats noted in the survey.
A current map, produced by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, of habitat areas of high potential for the rusty
patched bumble bee includes Chanhassen. Not only is this an endangered species but also a pollinator, a group of
insects that provide vital services to our landscapes and food production. Chanhassen has the opportunity to address
and commit to pollinator friendly practices. Most neighboring communities have already adopted city policies that
benefit pollinators while incurring no additional costs or labor for the community. Chanhassen can help make an
impact on protecting this crucial group of insects.
All of our natural resources are under threat from invasive species. Whether aquatic or terrestrial, these invaders
wreak havoc on local natural areas and community budgets. The City of Chanhassen should continue to work to
manage terrestrial and aquatic invasive species to the best of its ability. Protecting our natural resources from these
threats may come at a cost but the benefit of healthy, sustainable natural areas translates into higher real estate val-
ues, reduced long term costs, greater quality of life and more valuable natural assets.
Examples of Invasive Species of Concern in Chanhassen
Terrestrial Aquatic Insects/Animals
Japanese Knot Weed Hydrilla Spotted Lanterfly
Wild Parsnip Zebra Mussel Jumping Worms
Water Hemlock Starry Stonewort Spiny Waterflea
Narrowleaf Bittercress Flowering Rush Asian Longhorn Beetle
Knapweed Emerald ash borer
Nonnative Bush Honeysuckle Gypsy moth
Common Tansy
Black Locust
City of Chanhassen 2040 Comprehensive Plan75
Endangered Species -Rusty Patched Bumble Bee
Endangered Species - Rusty Patched Bumble Bee Habitat Area
City of Chanhassen 2040 Comprehensive Plan76
Bluff Creek Vegetation
City of Chanhassen 2040 Comprehensive Plan77
MBS Sites of Biodiversity Significance
Outstanding
High
Moderate
City Border
Tax Parcel
Lakes
²
Areas of Biological Significance in Carver County
City of Chanhassen 2040 Comprehensive Plan78
Arbor Day Tree Tags
July 3rd Business Expo - Environmental Commission Table - Focus on Pollinators
July 4th Recycling/Composting
4.6 | Education
The City of Chanhassen acknowledges the importance of educational outreach in the implementation of its natu-
ral resources goals and policies and desires to have the public engaged in the overall discussion. To help facilitate
this goal, the city’s 7-member Environmental Commission is charged by the city council to promote and educate
Chanhassen residents on the importance of natural resources. This volunteer commission works each year to provide
opportunities for Chanhassen residents to learn more about the environment and become involved in the stewardship
of it. City staff also endeavors to provide current, factual natural resources-related information to the public, utilizing
various means of communication such as the Chanhassen Connection quarterly city newsletter and the city’s website
and public events. The City of Chanhassen plans to maintain its current educational activities, as well as continue
to expand its natural resources education program into the future. Future public education programs may focus on
invasive species, water conservation, tree cover and diversity and wildlife habitat.
City of Chanhassen 2040 Comprehensive Plan79
4.7 | Resiliency
As our weather continues to change and intense patterns are experienced more and more, the city is challenged to
respond to extreme weather events that threaten public infrastructure, water and energy supplies and public health
and safety. Making a community more resilient to these threats is a process of adaptation and planning. Resiliency
is an approach focusing on how well a community can respond to, and ultimately emerge from, climate change
effects. One way for a community to increase its resiliency is by joining the GreenStep Cities program. Minnesota
GreenStep Cities is “a voluntary challenge, assistance and recognition program to help cities achieve their sustain-
ability and quality-of-life goals.” The requirements for becoming a recognized city vary according to the recognition
level. To start, a city only has to pass a resolution committing to pursuing a Green Step City status. From there, cities
complete a certain number of action items to progress to a Step 2 or 3. The city of Chanhassen endeavors to become
a GreenStep City and adopt best management practices throughout the organization that strive to plan for mitigation
of and adaptation to climate change impacts.
4.8 | Solar Energy
In Chanhassen, certain areas have high potential as solar generation sites as shown in the figure below. Areas that
have low potential have inadequate access to sunlight. Factors such as tree cover and slope direction play a signifi-
cant role in the solar potential of a site. The city has prioritized tree planting before solar production, therefore,
future public investments will be limited. The city has provisions in City Code that accommodate private pursuit of
solar energy on businesses and residences.
The city is currently participating in two community solar garden contracts. These agreements account for 50
percent of the eligible electrical load from Xcel Energy. If desired, the city could purchase up to 110 percent of its
energy from Community Solar Gardens.
Chanhassen’s Solar Resource Calculations
Community Gross Potential
(Mwh/yr)
Rooftop Potential
(Mwh/yr)
Gross Generation
Potential (Mwh/yr)
Rooftop Generation
Potential (Mwh/yr)
Chanhassen 28,456,130 1,663,295 2,845,613 166,329
City of Chanhassen 2040 Comprehensive Plan80
Gross Solar Potential City of Chanhassen, Carver, & Hennepin Counties
City of Chanhassen 2040 Comprehensive Plan81