1986 05 27 Public Hearing Minutes
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Park and Recreation Commission
Public Hearing on Goose Population control
Minutes
May 27,1986
Chairman Lynch called the meeting to order at 7:30 p.m. All of
the Commissioners were present.
Lynch began by saying that City staff, in response to citizen's
complaints are concerned about the increasing number of geese in
Chanhassen parks and beaches. He said that the goo se population
has become a health problem as well as a maintenance problem. He
indicated that Dr. James Cooper was present to discuss the pro-
posed goose population maintenance program.
Lynch reminded the audience that the Park and Recreation Com-
mission is an advisory body to the City Council. He said that
the Commission would hear the public's comments, review them and
the program presented, and make a recommendation to the Council.
Dr. Cooper said Canada Geese are a new phenomina in cities. They
are a native species of Minnesota that disappeared during the
depression and declined drastically during early market hunting
days. In the mid 50's there were programs that were developed by
private individuals as well as state and federal agencies to
bring the Canada Goose back. Birds were re-introduced in
numerous areas throughout the state as well as in the Twin
Cities.
Since the mid 50's there have been releases through much of the
Twin Cities including state parks, park reserves, public parks,
and private land. In the early 70's the number of Canada Geese
numbered about 1000 birds located in some 14 different sites,
mainly around these release sites. Since that date the popula-
tion in the metro area has grown to be 10,000 birds. It was
never anticipated that this species would do so well, since it
had been lost during settlement days. But we now know that the
Canada Goose has well adapted to our metropolitan areas. It is
able to tolerate disturbance, it utilizes our shorelines for both
adult food as well as for juvenile food during the brooding
period. It finds nesting sites in among the city ponds, lakes
and wetlands and is very successful in nesting. The only predi-
tor here that takes any eggs to speak of is the raccoon, who is a
relative ineffective preditor on a bird as large as the Canada
Goose. Because hunting is not allowed through much of the metro
area, the bird has a very high survival rate. The adults have an
average of 90% survival from year to year and immatures approxi-
mately 75%. Population with the productivity base that the Twin
Cities geese have can sustain over a 50% mortality on annual
basis without declining. Canada Geese have been growing and con-
tinue to grow to approximately 30% per year. This means that
communities that have particularily large expanses of parks along
with wetlands near these release sites, such as Carver Park
Reserve, have found increasing numbers of Canada Geese.
Park and Recreation Commission
Public Hearing Minutes
May 27, 1986
Page 3
adequate nesting areas and brood rearing sites. Once you have
your population down the costs involved should be somewhat less
than what you currently will incurr to get this population under
control. I am proposing a four year plan. We are unable to get
the population down any quicker than that.
Lynch asked how long programs at other sites have been in
existence. Cooper said we were in the fourth year with Min-
neapolis, third with Golden Valley, second year with the airport,
and the second year with New Brighten. Lynch asked if he felt
that they have had adequate success at those locations. Cooper
said we have, but not as effective as we could be because of the
adult return. The translocation of birds to Oklahoma is not as
effective as we would like it. 75-80% of birds stay in Oklahoma,
but some do find their way back home.
Lynch asked if the goose populations level out at some natural
density level and if Dr. Cooper had a target density. Cooper
said that geese will breed in colonial density if there is no
predation. Lake of the Isles is a prime example where in 1981
geese populations were over 1000 birds. Nesting on the islands
were about 50 nests on one acre, and data gathered indicates that
nesting density could be four times that. This year there are
only 14 nests out there so the goal of eight breeding pair is
getting closer.' As far as natural nesting density, there pro-
bably is one but is likely to be much higher than what people
will tolerate. Cooper indicated that the second part of the
question is difficult because toleration levels vary with each
individual. The decision of how many geese you would like to
maintain in these areas is a local decision. Lynch described the
park areas involved and asked what other cities in comparable
situations are doing. Cooper said that at Lake of the Isles the
target would be 100 birds in August and September. In fall there
are migrants moving -back and forth and some mixing so it is dif-
ficult to keep fall numbers down to target level. 100 birds was
felt to be enough birds for people to enjoy, yet low enough num-
bers so that droppings on bike paths were tolerable. The numbers
that Chanhassen wants to look at would probably be below that
figure. I would suspect that there are other populations of
Canada geese in Chanhassen other than the ones that are causing
your problems, so you are not completely removing geese from the
City or denying people an opportunity to see them. You may want
to opt to go with something like we have in Brookview Golf Course
in Golden Valley which is a zero population on the golf course.
Other areas of Golden Valley are being left where populations
that were not associated with the golf course so that there would
be geese in the City.
Lynch explained that Chanhassen has three basic types of water in
C?anhassen; .resi~ential areas, active parks and passive parks
wlth low resldentlal abuttment and little activity. He said that
he was quite certain that the City would .
in some areas of the City but not . llke to have the geese
, ln areas such as beaches and
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Park and Recreation Commission
Public Hearing Minutes
May 27, 1986
Page 5
from the droppings of pidgeons, parrots or other birds. There
was one case last year on Lake Minnetonka where a gentleman who
was operating a rotary mower where geese are known to gather.
The droppings were drawn into the mower and the disease was
contacted inhaling the dust of the goose droppings. It is not a
major health hazard as we have had one case in the last 10 years,
however it is real. Someone mowing through these droppings 'with
the wind blowing has the potential to contact it.
Lynch asked if the the goose droppings had an affect on the water
quality. Cooper said that the goose droppings are a source of
nitrogenous waste and is readily soluble in the water. However,
studies done on droppings indicate that the amount of nitrogen
comming from that source was minute compared to the amount coming
in from lawns being fertilized. It is not a major source of
nutients to a lake, but it is a nuisance on a beach. It is not a
health hazard accept when dry and inhaled. Rosenwald asked what
effect there was on children playing in the sand where droppings
are. Cooper said it is not the kind of thing that will not hurt
them, in fact, even if they ate it the acid in the stomach would
neutralize or kill the bacteria.
Boyt said that she had recently visited Lake Ann Park and had not
seen many geese there. Cooper said that frequently the popula-
tions reach there peak about the time the adults go flightless
when they seek 'out these large open water sites. An example of
this is on Long Lake in New Brighten where there are no goose
nests, yet we removed over 250 geese off of Long Lake in mid-June
of last year. These birds are walking overland seeking the large
open bodies of water. What very likely is happening is that the
geese are nesting at Lake Lucy and then coming over to Lake Ann
once they start mOlting.
Sietsema asked D~. Cooper to discuss other means of goose popu-
lation control that have been tried and there effectivity, such as;
swan and owl decoys, stocking live swans, ultra sonic devices,
carbide canons, fencing, flags, scarecrows, etc. Cooper said
that swan decoys will work if the geese have a choice, if they do
not have a choice they will test limits and figure out what is
safe and what is not safe. When the decoy does not move then
they forget about it. So decoys have worked in cases where there
was an equally attractive site nearby. Scare techniques, such as
carbide canons, flags, and scarecrows, do not work effectively
without reinforcement. The reinforcement has to be shell
crackers shot over the birds' heads at close range or large
explosions. Most scare techniques are very temporary. Live swans
will work, the only swan readily available is the Mute Swan,
however they are very aggressive birds. In fact, a Mute Swan was
responsible for the death of fisherman in Ohio. Another fact to
consider with the swan is keeping them in captivity and rounding
them up and housing them in the winter. Free flying Mute Swans
are not allowed in Minnesota as they are a nuisance in areas
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Park and Recreation commission
Public Hearing Minutes
May 27,1986
Page 7
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Rosenwald asked if theasurvey would determine what the actual
numbers of geese that we have. Cooper said that the field teams
would find out how many;t.geese there are, determine how many cap-
ture sites are involve~,.what kinds of difficulties we will be
facing and then the go~ population. In determining what the
target population, Coo~r said it was totally a local decision.
If the Ci ty were to deei:'de they did not want any geese at Lake
Ann Park, then his goal would be to catch everything and leave
nothing. If the goal was to leave 3-4 pairs, then he would
recommend to get everything this year and leave the 3-4 pairs
when we get to the thiDd year. We can achieve most effective
reduction by pulling e~erything out the first year.
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Robinson asked if it was the Commission's task to identify the
target population. Sietsema said that a goal population should
be included in the recommendation to the City Council.
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Sietsema asked Dr. Cooper if his people were equipped to include
Lake Minnewashta in th~s years program should the Council decide
to do so. Cooper indi~ted that there would be no problem in
handling that lake as well.
Mady asked if a total removal was done at a site, how many geese
would there be two to!three weeks later. Cooper said that if
surveys were done there'would not be any geese until geese
started flying in, thersite would be without geese for about a
month. The following spring you would have about 50% of the
current population. Mady continued by asking if there would be
young that would walk from another site to the open water.
Cooper said that the geese are clan animals and would do any
moving or travelling as a group before the capture time.
Rosenwald said that Lake Ann and Lake Lucy are so close together,
would this be treated as one site. Cooper said that they are
probably the same population, nesting on Lake Lucy and feeding at
Lake Ann. c:
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Robinson asked how one~would ascertain what a proper density of
geese would be. Cooper said that the airport has a goal of zero
geese, they are removing all Canada Geese at those sites. He
said realistically we know we will never reach that goal, but
feel quite certain that we can reach a 95% reduction level. Lake
of the Isles set a goal of 100 birds, which means about eight
breeding pairs on the ~slands. New Brighten decided that Long
Lake would be a goose free site as no one there wanted to
tolerate more than one or two pair that may drift in accidently.
Boyt asked if there was any way to make one part of a lake more .
appealing to geese than another. Cooper said the best way to do
that is to mow the shoreline. They are really attracted to mowed
grass for grazing. However, this is not always possible in wet,
marshy areas.
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Park and Recreation Commission
Public Hearing Minutes
May 27, 1986
Page 9
and Recreation Commission recommends that the City proceed with
the proposed program which involves the removal and relocation of
Canada Geese at Lake Ann, Lake Lucy and Lake Susan. The objec-
tive of this program would be to maintain three breeding pair, or
about 30 birds at each site, and to review the Canada Goose popu-
lations on an annual basis. The motion was seconded by Mady and
carried unanimously
Lynch made a motion, due to citizen participation from the Lake
Minnewashta area at the public hearing, the Commission suggests
that the City Council consider extending the program to include
that lake if the City has alternate, non-park funds to do so.
Dr. Cooper has indicated that the cost of adding this site would
be about $500-$750. The motion was seconded by Rosenwald and
carried unanimously.
Robinson made a motion to adjourn the meeting at 9:30 p.m. The
motion was seconded by Boyt and carried unanimously.
Prepared by Lori Sietsema, Park and Recreation Coordinator